Ubuntu 16.04下docker ce的安装

卸载版本的docker

sudo apt-get remove docker docker-engine docker.io

安装可选内核模块

从 Ubuntu 14.04 开始，一部份内核模块移到了可选内核模块包 ( linux-image-extra-* ) ，以
减小内核软件包的体积。正常安装的系统应该会包含可选内核模块包，而一些裁剪后的系统
可能会将其精简掉。 AUFS 内核驱动属于可选内核模块的一部分，做为推荐的 Docker 存储层
驱动，通常建议安装可选内核模块包以使用 AUFS 。若是没有安装的话能够使用下面的命令安装

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install  linux-image-extra-$(uname -r)  linux-image-extra-virtual

安装Docker CE

因为 apt 源使用 HTTPS 以确保软件下载过程当中不被篡改。所以，咱们首先须要添加使用
HTTPS 传输的软件包以及 CA 证书。

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    software-properties-common

鉴于国内网络问题，强烈建议使用国内源，官方源请在注释中查看。为了确认所下载软件包的合法性，须要添加软件源的 GPG 密钥

curl -fsSL https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -
# 官方源
#curl -fsSL https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu/gpg | sudo apt-key add -

而后，咱们须要向 source.list 中添加 Docker 软件源

sudo add-apt-repository \
"deb [arch=amd64] https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/docker-ce/linux/ubuntu \
$(lsb_release -cs) \
stable"

# 官方源
#  sudo add-apt-repository \
# "deb [arch=amd64] https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu \
# $(lsb_release -cs) \
# stable

更新 apt 软件包缓存，并安装 docker-ce

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker-ce

启动docker CE

sudo systemctl enable docker
sudo systemctl start docker

测试安装是否正确

sudo docker run hello-world

Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
ca4f61b1923c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:445b2fe9afea8b4aa0b2f27fe49dd6ad130dfe7a8fd0832be5de99625dad47cd
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (amd64)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
 $ docker run -it ubuntu bash

Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker ID:
 https://cloud.docker.com/

For more examples and ideas, visit:
 https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/

若是出现上述信息，说明安装成功

镜像加速

因为国外的镜像有时候网络访问过慢，须要使用国内的镜像加速

对于使用 systemd 的系统，请在 /etc/docker/daemon.json 中写入以下内容（若是文件不存
在请新建该文件）

{
"registry-mirrors": [
    "https://registry.docker-cn.com"
    ]
}

以后重启启动系统

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker