数据库or、in、<>、>=、<=、butween区别

操做前先关闭数据库缓存

#建立测试的test表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS test; CREATE TABLE test( `id` INT(10) NOT NULL, `name` VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT '' NOT NULL, `status` TINYINT(1) DEFAULT 1 NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY( ID ) )ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET utf8;

插入数据

create procedure a() BEGIN
    DECLARE i INT DEFAULT 0; SET autocommit = 0; WHILE i<10000000 DO INSERT INTO test ( `id`,`name`,`status` ) VALUES( i, CONCAT( 'abcd', i ),i%3 ); SET i = i+1; IF i%2000 = 0 THEN // 每满2000行执行一次
            COMMIT; END IF; END WHILE; END; call a();
耗时: 0.042s

先测试带主键模式下查询主键执行时间

读取10条数据 # in
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10); 用时：0.001 # or
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id =1 OR id=2 OR id=3 OR id=4 OR id=5 OR id=6 OR id=7 OR id=8 OR id=9 OR id=10; 用时：0.001 # between
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id between 1 and 10; 用时：0.001 # <>
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id>=1 and id<=10; 用时：0.001 # <=
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id <= 10; 用时：0.001

读取1000条数据 # in
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (1,2,3,...1000); 用时：0.003 # or
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id =1 OR id=2 OR id=3 OR... id=1000; 用时：0.019 # between
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id between 1 and 100; 用时：0.002 # <>
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id>=1 and id<=1000; 用时：0.002 # <=
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id <= 1000; 用时：0.002

读取10000条数据 # in
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (1,2,3,...10000);
用时：0.027

# or 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id =1 OR id=2 OR id=3 OR... id=10000;
 执行用时：4.834 # between
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id between 1 and 10000; 用时：0.008 # <>
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id>=1 and id<=10000; 用时：0.008 # <=
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id <= 10000; 用时：0.008

读取50000条数据（sql语句太长，10万数据 in和or会崩溃） # in
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id IN (1,2,3,...50000); 用时：5.193s # or 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id =1 OR id=2 OR id=3 OR... id=50000; 用时：（sql语句太长，电脑崩溃） # between
 SELECT * FROM test WHERE id between 1 and 50000; 用时：0.035s # <> 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id>=1 and id<=50000; 用时：0.032s # <= 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE id <= 50000; 用时：0.031s

在主键id上 in的效率要高于or；其它几个比较符相近。

 

测试非主键 status

读取10000000条数据（一千万条数据） # in
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status IN (0,1); 用时：6.736s # or 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status =0 OR status=1; 用时：6.655s # between
 SELECT * FROM test WHERE status between 0 and 1; 用时：6.476s # <> 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status>=0 and status<=1; 用时：6.680s # <= 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status <= 1; 用时：6.440s

# <> SELECT * FROM test WHERE status <> 2; 用时：6.263s

当id的主键索引去除后

读取10000000条数据（一千万条数据） # in
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status IN (0,1); 用时：7.888s # or 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status =0 OR status=1; 用时：7.770s # between
 SELECT * FROM test WHERE status between 0 and 1; 用时：7.989s # <= => 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status>=0 and status<=1; 用时：7.835s # <= 
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status <= 1; 用时：7.476s # <>
SELECT * FROM test WHERE status <> 2; 用时：8.346s

非主键字段有无主键索引差距不是很大。

 

强制走主键索引

select * from test force index(PRIMARY) where status in (0,1);用时：10.930