Xcode8发布之后,编译器开始不支持IOS7,因此不少应用在适配IOS10以后都不在适配IOS7了,其中包括了不少大公司,网易新闻,滴滴出行等。所以,咱们公司的应用也打算淘汰IOS7。html
支持到IOS8,第一个要改的天然是用WKWebView
替换原来的UIWebView
。WKWebView有不少明显优点:前端
更多的支持HTML5的特性git
官方宣称的高达60fps的滚动刷新率以及内置手势github
将UIWebViewDelegate与UIWebView拆分红了14类与3个协议,之前不少不方便实现的功能得以实现。文档web
Safari相同的JavaScript引擎json
占用更少的内存服务器
UIWebViewcookie
WKWebViewapp
所以,使用WkWebview
替换UIWebView
仍是颇有必要的。框架
WKWebView有两个delegate,WKUIDelegate 和 WKNavigationDelegate。WKNavigationDelegate主要处理一些跳转、加载处理操做,WKUIDelegate主要处理JS脚本,确认框,警告框等。所以WKNavigationDelegate更加经常使用。
比较经常使用的方法:
#pragma mark - lifeCircle - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; webView = [[WKWebView alloc]init]; [self.view addSubview:webView]; [webView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.left.equalTo(self.view); make.right.equalTo(self.view); make.top.equalTo(self.view); make.bottom.equalTo(self.view); }]; webView.UIDelegate = self; webView.navigationDelegate = self; [webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"]]]; } #pragma mark - WKNavigationDelegate // 页面开始加载时调用 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didStartProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 当内容开始返回时调用 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didCommitNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 页面加载完成以后调用 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 页面加载失败时调用 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFailProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 接收到服务器跳转请求以后调用 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didReceiveServerRedirectForProvisionalNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ } // 在收到响应后,决定是否跳转 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationResponse:(WKNavigationResponse *)navigationResponse decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationResponsePolicy))decisionHandler{ NSLog(@"%@",navigationResponse.response.URL.absoluteString); //容许跳转 decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyAllow); //不容许跳转 //decisionHandler(WKNavigationResponsePolicyCancel); } // 在发送请求以前,决定是否跳转 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView decidePolicyForNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction decisionHandler:(void (^)(WKNavigationActionPolicy))decisionHandler{ NSLog(@"%@",navigationAction.request.URL.absoluteString); //容许跳转 decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyAllow); //不容许跳转 //decisionHandler(WKNavigationActionPolicyCancel); } #pragma mark - WKUIDelegate // 建立一个新的WebView - (WKWebView *)webView:(WKWebView *)webView createWebViewWithConfiguration:(WKWebViewConfiguration *)configuration forNavigationAction:(WKNavigationAction *)navigationAction windowFeatures:(WKWindowFeatures *)windowFeatures{ return [[WKWebView alloc]init]; } // 输入框 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptTextInputPanelWithPrompt:(NSString *)prompt defaultText:(nullable NSString *)defaultText initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(NSString * __nullable result))completionHandler{ completionHandler(@"http"); } // 确认框 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptConfirmPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(BOOL result))completionHandler{ completionHandler(YES); } // 警告框 - (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView runJavaScriptAlertPanelWithMessage:(NSString *)message initiatedByFrame:(WKFrameInfo *)frame completionHandler:(void (^)(void))completionHandler{ NSLog(@"%@",message); completionHandler(); }
WKWebview提供了API实现js交互 不须要借助JavaScriptCore或者webJavaScriptBridge。使用WKUserContentController实现js native交互。简单的说就是先注册约定好的方法,而后再调用。
oc代码(有误,内存不释放):
@interface ViewController (){ WKWebView * webView; WKUserContentController* userContentController; } @end @implementation ViewController #pragma mark - lifeCircle - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; //配置环境 WKWebViewConfiguration * configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init]; userContentController =[[WKUserContentController alloc]init]; configuration.userContentController = userContentController; webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100) configuration:configuration]; //注册方法 [userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"sayhello"];//注册一个name为sayhello的js方法 [self.view addSubview:webView]; [webView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.left.equalTo(self.view); make.right.equalTo(self.view); make.top.equalTo(self.view); make.bottom.equalTo(self.view); }]; webView.UIDelegate = self; webView.navigationDelegate = self; [webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.test.com"]]]; } - (void)dealloc{ //这里须要注意,前面增长过的方法必定要remove掉。 [userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"sayhello"]; } #pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{ NSLog(@"name:%@\\\\n body:%@\\\\n frameInfo:%@\\\\n",message.name,message.body,message.frameInfo); } @end
上面的OC代码若是认证测试一下就会发现dealloc并不会执行,这样确定是不行的,会形成内存泄漏。缘由是[userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:self name:@"sayhello"];
这句代码形成没法释放内存。(ps:试了下用weak指针仍是不能释放,不知道是什么缘由。)所以还须要进一步改进,正确的写法是用一个新的controller来处理,新的controller再绕用delegate绕回来。
oc代码(正确写法):
@interface ViewController (){ WKWebView * webView; WKUserContentController* userContentController; } @end @implementation ViewController #pragma mark - lifeCircle - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; //配置环境 WKWebViewConfiguration * configuration = [[WKWebViewConfiguration alloc]init]; userContentController =[[WKUserContentController alloc]init]; configuration.userContentController = userContentController; webView = [[WKWebView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100) configuration:configuration]; //注册方法 WKDelegateController * delegateController = [[WKDelegateController alloc]init]; delegateController.delegate = self; [userContentController addScriptMessageHandler:delegateController name:@"sayhello"]; [self.view addSubview:webView]; [webView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) { make.left.equalTo(self.view); make.right.equalTo(self.view); make.top.equalTo(self.view); make.bottom.equalTo(self.view); }]; webView.UIDelegate = self; webView.navigationDelegate = self; [webView loadRequest:[NSURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.test.com"]]]; } - (void)dealloc{ //这里须要注意,前面增长过的方法必定要remove掉。 [userContentController removeScriptMessageHandlerForName:@"sayhello"]; } #pragma mark - WKScriptMessageHandler - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{ NSLog(@"name:%@\\\\n body:%@\\\\n frameInfo:%@\\\\n",message.name,message.body,message.frameInfo); } @end
WKDelegateController代码:
#import #import @protocol WKDelegate - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message; @end @interface WKDelegateController : UIViewController @property (weak , nonatomic) id delegate; @end
.m代码:
#import "WKDelegateController.h" @interface WKDelegateController () @end @implementation WKDelegateController - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; } - (void)userContentController:(WKUserContentController *)userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:(WKScriptMessage *)message{ if ([self.delegate respondsToSelector:@selector(userContentController:didReceiveScriptMessage:)]) { [self.delegate userContentController:userContentController didReceiveScriptMessage:message]; } } @end
h5代码:
function say() { //前端须要用 window.webkit.messageHandlers.注册的方法名.postMessage({body:传输的数据} 来给native发送消息 window.webkit.messageHandlers.sayhello.postMessage({body: 'hello world!'}); } hello world say hello
打印出的log:
name:sayhello body:{ body = "hello world!"; } frameInfo:<wkframeinfo: 0x7f872060ce20; ismainframe = yes; request = { url: http: www.test.com="" }="">
addScriptMessageHandler
要和removeScriptMessageHandlerForName
配套出现,不然会形成内存泄漏。
h5只能传一个参数,若是须要多个参数就须要用字典或者json组装。
代码以下:
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)tmpWebView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation{ //say()是JS方法名,completionHandler是异步回调block [webView evaluateJavaScript:@"say()" completionHandler:^(id _Nullable result, NSError * _Nullable error) { NSLog(@"%@",result); }]; }
h5代码同上。
通常来讲,一个好的UI总有一个大神会开发出一个好的第三方封装框架。WebViewJavascriptBridge的做者也作了一套支持WKWebView与JS交互的第三方框架:WKWebViewJavascriptBridge。
cocoaPods: pod 'WebViewJavascriptBridge', '~> 5.0.5'
github地址:https://github.com/marcuswestin/WebViewJavascriptBridge
主要方法以下:
//初始化方法 + (instancetype)bridgeForWebView:(WKWebView*)webView; + (void)enableLogging; //注册函数名 - (void)registerHandler:(NSString*)handlerName handler:(WVJBHandler)handler; //调用函数名 - (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName; - (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data; - (void)callHandler:(NSString*)handlerName data:(id)data responseCallback:(WVJBResponseCallback)responseCallback; //重置 - (void)reset; //设置WKNavigationDelegate - (void)setWebViewDelegate:(id)webViewDelegate;
基本的实现方法和上面写的差很少,就是封装了一下,有兴趣的童鞋能够本身pod下来使用。
之前UIWebView会自动去NSHTTPCookieStorage中读取cookie,可是WKWebView并不会去读取,所以致使cookie丢失以及一系列问题,解决方式就是在request中手动帮其添加上。
mainWebView.UIDelegate = self; mainWebView.navigationDelegate = self; NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.test.com"]]; [request addValue:[self readCurrentCookieWithDomain:@"http://www.test.com/"] forHTTPHeaderField:@"Cookie"]; [mainWebView loadRequest:request]; - (NSString *)readCurrentCookieWithDomain:(NSString *)domainStr{ NSHTTPCookieStorage*cookieJar = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage]; NSMutableString * cookieString = [[NSMutableString alloc]init]; for (NSHTTPCookie*cookie in [cookieJar cookies]) { [cookieString appendFormat:@"%@=%@;",cookie.name,cookie.value]; } //删除最后一个“;” [cookieString deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(cookieString.length - 1, 1)]; return cookieString; }
可是这只能解决第一次进入的cookie问题,若是页面内跳转(a标签等)仍是取不到cookie,所以还要再加代码。
- (void)webView:(WKWebView *)webView didFinishNavigation:(WKNavigation *)navigation { //取出cookie NSHTTPCookieStorage *cookieStorage = [NSHTTPCookieStorage sharedHTTPCookieStorage]; //js函数 NSString *JSFuncString = @"function setCookie(name,value,expires)\ {\ var oDate=new Date();\ oDate.setDate(oDate.getDate()+expires);\ document.cookie=name+'='+value+';expires='+oDate+';path=/'\ }\ function getCookie(name)\ {\ var arr = document.cookie.match(new RegExp('(^| )'+name+'=({FNXX==XXFN}*)(;|$)'));\ if(arr != null) return unescape(arr[2]); return null;\ }\ function delCookie(name)\ {\ var exp = new Date();\ exp.setTime(exp.getTime() - 1);\ var cval=getCookie(name);\ if(cval!=null) document.cookie= name + '='+cval+';expires='+exp.toGMTString();\ }"; //拼凑js字符串 NSMutableString *JSCookieString = JSFuncString.mutableCopy; for (NSHTTPCookie *cookie in cookieStorage.cookies) { NSString *excuteJSString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"setCookie('%@', '%@', 1);", cookie.name, cookie.value]; [JSCookieString appendString:excuteJSString]; } //执行js [webView evaluateJavaScript:JSCookieString completionHandler:nil]; }