SpringMVC层跟JSon结合,几乎不须要作什么配置,代码实现也至关简洁。不再用为了组装协议而劳烦辛苦了!1、Spring注解@ResponseBody,@RequestBody和HttpMessageConverterSpring 3.X系列增长了新注解@ResponseBody,@RequestBodyhtml
@RequestBody 将HTTP请求正文转换为适合的HttpMessageConverter对象。java
@ResponseBody 将内容或对象做为 HTTP 响应正文返回,并调用适合HttpMessageConverter的Adapter转换对象,写入输出流。web
HttpMessageConverter接口,须要开启<mvc:annotation-driven />。AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter将会初始化7个转换器,能够经过调用AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter的getMessageConverts()方法来获取转换器的一个集合 List<HttpMessageConverter>ajax
引用spring
ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter StringHttpMessageConverter ResourceHttpMessageConverter SourceHttpMessageConverter XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverterjson
能够理解为,只要有对应协议的解析器,你就能够经过几行配置,几个注解完成协议——对象的转换工做! PS:Spring默认的json协议解析由Jackson完成。2、servlet.xml配置Spring的配置文件,简洁到了极致,对于当前这个需求只须要三行核心配置:安全
Xml代码restful
<context:component-scan base-package="org.zlex.json.controller" />mvc
<context:annotation-config />app
<mvc:annotation-driven />
3、pom.xml配置闲言少叙,先说依赖配置,这里以Json+Spring为参考:pom.xml
Xml代码
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId> <version>1.9.8</version> <type>jar</type> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> <scope>compile</scope> </dependency>
主要须要spring-webmvc、jackson-mapper-asl两个包,其他依赖包Maven会帮你完成。至于log4j,我仍是须要看日志嘛。 包依赖图:至于版本,看项目须要吧!4、代码实现域对象:
Java代码
public class Person implements Serializable { private int id; private String name; private boolean status; public Person() { // do nothing } }
这里须要一个空构造,由Spring转换对象时,进行初始化。@ResponseBody,@RequestBody,@PathVariable 控制器:
Java代码
@Controller public class PersonController { /** * 查询我的信息 * * @param id * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/person/profile/{id}/{name}/{status}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody Person porfile(@PathVariable int id, @PathVariable String name, @PathVariable boolean status) { return new Person(id, name, status); } /** * 登陆 * * @param person * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "/person/login", method = RequestMethod.POST) public @ResponseBody Person login(@RequestBody Person person) { return person; } }
备注:@RequestMapping(value = "/person/profile/{id}/{name}/{status}", method = RequestMethod.GET)中的{id}/{name}/{status}与@PathVariable int id, @PathVariable String name,@PathVariable boolean status一一对应,按名匹配。 这是restful式风格。 若是映射名称有所不一,能够参考以下方式:
@RequestMapping(value = "/person/profile/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) public @ResponseBody Person porfile(@PathVariable("id") int uid) { return new Person(uid, name, status); }
GET模式下,这里使用了@PathVariable绑定输入参数,很是适合Restful风格。由于隐藏了参数与路径的关系,能够提高网站的安全性,静态化页面,下降恶意攻击风险。
POST模式下,使用@RequestBody绑定请求对象,Spring会帮你进行协议转换,将Json、Xml协议转换成你须要的对象。
@ResponseBody能够标注任何对象,由Srping完成对象——协议的转换。
作个页面测试下:JS
$(document).ready(function() { $("#profile").click(function() { profile(); }); $("#login").click(function() { login(); }); }); function profile() { var url = 'http://localhost:8080/spring-json/json/person/profile/'; var query = $('#id').val() + '/' + $('#name').val() + '/' + $('#status').val(); url += query; alert(url); $.get(url, function(data) { alert("id: " + data.id + "\nname: " + data.name + "\nstatus: " + data.status); }); } function login() { var mydata = '{"name":"' + $('#name').val() + '","id":"' + $('#id').val() + '","status":"' + $('#status').val() + '"}'; alert(mydata); $.ajax({ type : 'POST', contentType : 'application/json', url : 'http://localhost:8080/spring-json/json/person/login', processData : false, dataType : 'json', data : mydata, success : function(data) { alert("id: " + data.id + "\nname: " + data.name + "\nstatus: " + data.status); }, error : function() { alert('Err...'); } });
Table
Html代码
<table> <tr> <td>id</td> <td><input id="id" value="100" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>name</td> <td><input id="name" value="snowolf" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td>status</td> <td><input id="status" value="true" /></td> </tr> <tr> <td><input type="button" id="profile" value="Profile——GET" /></td> <td><input type="button" id="login" value="Login——POST" /></td> </tr> </table>
4、常见错误 POST操做时,我用$.post()方式,多次失败,一直报各类异常:
引用
org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' not supported org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' not supported org.springframework.web.HttpMediaTypeNotSupportedException: Content type 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=UTF-8' not supported
直接用$.post()直接请求会有点小问题,尽管我标识为json协议,但实际上提交的ContentType仍是application/x-www-form-urlencoded。须要使用$.ajaxSetup()标示下ContentType。
Js代码
function login() { var mydata = '{"name":"' + $('#name').val() + '","id":"' + $('#id').val() + '","status":"' + $('#status').val() + '"}'; alert(mydata); $.ajaxSetup({ contentType : 'application/json' }); $.post('http://localhost:8080/spring-json/json/person/login', mydata, function(data) { alert("id: " + data.id + "\nname: " + data.name + "\nstatus: " + data.status); }, 'json'); };