centos7下Etcd3集群搭建

时间  2019-11-13
标签 centos7 centos etcd3 etcd 集群 搭建 栏目 Tomcat 繁體版
原文   原文链接

1、环境介绍

etcd主要功能是分布式的存储键值，优势很少说了，分布是集群，自动选举等等，自行百度，主要说下配置方法，折腾了几天，终于优势眉目了，记录下操做方法，本文参考了以下连接html

http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-fhxjkzzs-eh.html

http://www.361way.com/etcd-cluster/5468.html

https://n40lab.wordpress.com/2016/08/01/installing-coreos-etcd-server-on-centos-7/linux

 

建立了4个虚拟机，虚拟机中系统为centos7（虚拟机使用的docker）git

for((i=1,i<5,i++))
do
 docker run -d --name etcd$i --hostname=etcd$i --privileged=true centos7 /usr/sbin/init
 docker exec -it etcd$i bash -c “yum update -y&& yum install net-tools -y”
done


hostname    ip
etcd1 192.168.0.5
etcd2 192.168.0.6
etcd3 192.168.0.7
etcd4 192.168.0.8
将上述ip表添加到/etc/hosts中

2、etcd安装与配置

2.1 yum安装etcd

yum install etcd -ygithub

验证etcd是否可用

# systemctl enable etcd&&systemctl start etcd
# etcdctl set hello world
world
# etcdctl get hello
world

这里的集群模式是指彻底集群模式，固然也能够在单机上经过不一样的端口，部署伪集群模式，只是那样作只适合测试环境，生产环境考虑到可用性的话须要将etcd实例分布到不一样的主机上，这里集群搭建有三种方式，分布是静态配置，etcd发现，dns发现。默认配置运行etcd，监听本地的2379端口，用于与client端交互，监听2380用于etcd内部交互。etcd启动时，集群模式下会用到的参数以下：docker

  1. –name
  2. etcd集群中的节点名，这里能够随意，可区分且不重复就行
  3. –listen-peer-urls
  4. 监听的用于节点之间通讯的url，可监听多个，集群内部将经过这些url进行数据交互(如选举，数据同步等)
  5. –initial-advertise-peer-urls
  6. 建议用于节点之间通讯的url，节点间将以该值进行通讯。
  7. –listen-client-urls
  8. 监听的用于客户端通讯的url,一样能够监听多个。
  9. –advertise-client-urls
  10. 建议使用的客户端通讯url,该值用于etcd代理或etcd成员与etcd节点通讯。
  11. –initial-cluster-token etcd-cluster-1
  12. 节点的token值，设置该值后集群将生成惟一id,并为每一个节点也生成惟一id,当使用相同配置文件再启动一个集群时，只要该token值不同，etcd集群就不会相互影响。
  13. –initial-cluster
  14. 也就是集群中全部的initial-advertise-peer-urls 的合集
  15. –initial-cluster-state new
  16. 新建集群的标志，初始化状态使用 new，创建以后改此值为 existing

yum安装etcd须要修改两个配置文件

# vim /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target
After=network-online.target
Wants=network-online.target

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
User=etcd
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /usr/bin/etcd \
--name=\"${ETCD_NAME}\" \
--data-dir=\"${ETCD_DATA_DIR}\" \
--listen-peer-urls=\"${ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS}\" \
--advertise-client-urls=\"${ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS}\" \
--initial-cluster-token=\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN}\" \
--initial-cluster=\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER}\"  \
--initial-cluster-state=\"${ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE}\" \
--listen-client-urls=\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\""
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_NAME=etcd1
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd1:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=http://etcd1:2380,etcd02=http://etcd2:2380,etcd03=http://etcd3:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd1:2379"

 

配置好3台虚拟机以后同时启动etcd服务

# systemctl start etcd

正常状况能够查看到成员列表etcdctl member listvim

# etcdctl member list
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd1 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd2 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd3 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false


2.2 二进制包安装etcd

yum虽然也能用，仍是二进制包的方法操做简单些。centos

下载稳定版本的etcd二进制包安全

mkdir /var/lib/etcd;mkdir /etc/etcd; groupadd -r etcd; useradd -r -g etcd -d /var/lib/etcd -s /sbin/nologin -c "etcd user" etcd;chown -R etcd:etcd /var/lib/etcd

ETCD_VERSION=`curl -s -L https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/latest | grep linux-amd64\.tar\.gz | grep href | cut -f 6 -d '/' | sort -u`; ETCD_DIR=/opt/etcd-$ETCD_VERSION; mkdir $ETCD_DIR;curl -L https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/$ETCD_VERSION/etcd-$ETCD_VERSION-linux-amd64.tar.gz | tar xz --strip-components=1 -C $ETCD_DIR; ln -sf $ETCD_DIR/etcd /usr/bin/etcd && ln -sf $ETCD_DIR/etcdctl /usr/bin/etcdctl; etcd --version

四台虚拟机新建etcd服务启动脚本bash

[root@etcd1 /]# vim /lib/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=etcd service
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=notify
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf
User=etcd
ExecStart=/usr/bin/etcd
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

etcd静态模式集群配置（即知道须要哪几台虚拟机须要创建集群）etcd1，etcd2与etcd3创建集群后etcd4加入集群。
修改etcd1配置文件
[root@etcd1 /]# cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_NAME=etcd1
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd1:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=http://etcd1:2380,etcd02=http://etcd2:2380,etcd03=http://etcd3:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd1:2379"

修改etcd2配置文件
[root@etcd2 /]# cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_NAME=etcd2
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd2:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=http://etcd1:2380,etcd02=http://etcd2:2380,etcd03=http://etcd3:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd2:2379"

修改etcd3配置文件
[root@etcd3 /]# cat /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_NAME=etcd3
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd3:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=http://etcd1:2380,etcd02=http://etcd2:2380,etcd03=http://etcd3:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd3:2379"

配置好3台虚拟机以后同时启动etcd服务

# systemctl start etcd

正常状况能够查看到成员列表etcdctl member list服务器

[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member list
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd01 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd03 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd02 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false

etcd配置过程当中遇到的问题，添加节点，删除节点，备份数据
### 本地链接报错
[root@etcd2 /]# etcdctl member list
Error:  client: etcd cluster is unavailable or misconfigured; error #0: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2379: getsockopt: connection refused
; error #1: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:4001: getsockopt: connection refused

error #0: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:2379: getsockopt: connection refused
error #1: dial tcp 127.0.0.1:4001: getsockopt: connection refused

若是出现如上的错误，是由于ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS参数没有配置http://127.0.0.1:2379而致使的，因此这里我使用了0.0.0.0表明了监控全部地址。
除此以外仍上述报错，当配置的很混乱的时候能够删掉/var/lib/etcd/中的default.etcd文件,前提是数据不重要哈。还要注意default.etcd文件夹权限改成etcd：etcd

chown -R etcd:etcd default.etcd此步很重要，另外还须要细心检查/etc/etcd/etcd.conf和/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service是否有错误。改完以后再重启etcd服务（systemctl start etcd）就ok了。

etcd集群中添加一节点etcd04

在现有集群etcd三台虚拟机中任何一台操做添加新节点etcd04

[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member list
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd01 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd03 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd02 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false
[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member add etcd04 http://etcd4:2380
Added member named etcd04 with ID ec8c708bb5b2fdc6 to cluster

ETCD_NAME="etcd04"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=http://etcd1:2380,etcd03=http://etcd3:2380,etcd02=http://etcd2:2380,etcd04=http://etcd4:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="existing"   
注意此处三条必需要与etcd04配置文件（/etc/etcd/etcd.conf）相符合
[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member list
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd01 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd03 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd02 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false
ec8c708bb5b2fdc6[unstarted]: peerURLs=http://etcd4:2380

启动etcd服务以前修改etcd04配置文件
[root@etcd4 /]# vim /etc/etcd/etcd.conf
ETCD_NAME=etcd04
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2380"
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://0.0.0.0:2379"
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://etcd4:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=http://etcd1:2380,etcd02=http://etcd2:2380,etcd03=http://etcd3:2380,etcd04=http://etcd4:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="existing"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://etcd4:2379"

若是/var/lib/etcd/中存在default.etcd必定要删除，否侧etcd服务启动失败（由于集群中给etcd04分配的物理id与现有库中的id不相同）

[root@etcd4 /]# rm -rf /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd/
[root@etcd4 /]# systemctl start etcd        
[root@etcd4 /]# etcdctl member list         #启动服务后再查询etcd04已加入集群中
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd01 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd03 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd02 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false
ec8c708bb5b2fdc6: name=etcd04 peerURLs=http://etcd4:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd4:2379 isLeader=false

etcd集群中删除etcd04节点

现有集群节点是4个

[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member list
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd01 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
b28ea7a9615a2c72: name=etcd04 peerURLs=http://etcd4:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd4:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd03 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd02 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false

在除etcd04节点外的任意一台中操做删除etcd04节点
[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member remove b28ea7a9615a2c72
Removed member b28ea7a9615a2c72 from cluster
[root@etcd1 /]# etcdctl member list
3b05c2e4e4c104b4: name=etcd01 peerURLs=http://etcd1:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd1:2379 isLeader=false
bd388e7810915853: name=etcd03 peerURLs=http://etcd3:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd3:2379 isLeader=true
d282ac2ce600c1ce: name=etcd02 peerURLs=http://etcd2:2380 clientURLs=http://etcd2:2379 isLeader=false

etcd集群中备份数据

etcd的数据应该算是很安全的，即使出现单点故障，数据也不会丢失，前提是节点不在同一台服务器中
etcd的数据备份比较。。。网上的方法
etcdctl backup --data-dir /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd/ --backup-dir /home/etcd_backup
备份完以后，发现没有db文件，好尴尬啊，全部我直接cp了，
cp -r /var/lib/etcd/default.etcd/ /home/etcd_backup

chown -R etcd:etcd default.etcd嗯，就能够了。

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