Ansible使用标准的SSH链接来执行自动化流程,不须要代理 (其余描述可自行搜索)python
本文系统:json
centos 6.5 x64
centos
ip:172.16.162.129ruby
hostname:vm.lansgg.combash
测试client主机:服务器
centos 6.5 x64框架
ip : 172.16.162.130运维
hostname:vm1.lansgg.comdom
#####摘自网友总结#####ssh
1、Ansible介绍
ansible是一款的自动化运维工具,基于Python开发,集合了众多运维工具(puppet、cfengine、chef、func、fabric)的优势,实现了批量系统配置、批量程序部署、批量运行命令等功能。ansible是基于模块工做的,自己没有批量部署的能力。真正具备批量部署的是ansible所运行的模块,ansible只是提供一种框架。主要包括:
一、链接插件connection plugins:负责和被监控端实现通讯;
二、host inventory:指定操做的主机,是一个配置文件里面定义监控的主机;
三、各类模块核心模块、command模块、自定义模块;
四、借助于插件完成记录日志邮件等功能;
五、playbook:剧本执行多个任务时,非必需可让节点一次性运行多个任务。
2、Ansible特性
一、no agents:不须要在被管控主机上安装任何客户端;
二、no server:无服务器端,使用时直接运行命令便可;
三、modules in any languages:基于模块工做,可以使用任意语言开发模块;
四、yaml,not code:使用yaml语言定制剧本playbook;
五、ssh by default:基于SSH工做;
六、strong multi-tier solution:可实现多级指挥。
3、Ansible优势
一、轻量级,无需在客户端安装agent,更新时,只需在操做机上进行一次更新便可;
二、批量任务执行能够写成脚本,并且不用分发到远程就能够执行;
三、使用python编写,维护更简单,ruby语法过于复杂;
四、支持sudo。
4、Ansible工做机制
5、安装ansible
依赖模块paramiko、PyYAML、Jinja二、httplib二、simplejson、pycrypto、crypto2.六、pyasn一、keyczar、sshpass等
rpm -vhi python-yaml-3.09-3.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm rpm -vhi python-jinja2-2.2.1-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm yum install ansible
ansible示例:
首先打通此主机到测试主机的ssh key
[root@vm ansible]# ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): Enter same passphrase again: Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa. Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub. The key fingerprint is: ae:b1:ef:46:d8:e4:3f:38:38:8d:8b:e7:e3:a2:4c:c2 root@vm.lansgg.com The key's randomart p_w_picpath is: +--[ RSA 2048]----+ | | | | | | | . | | =S | |. ..+ | |.E. .=.o | | + ..*+= o | | o..=*Bo. . | +-----------------+ [root@vm ansible]# ssh-copy-id -i 172.16.162.130 The authenticity of host '172.16.162.130 (172.16.162.130)' can't be established. RSA key fingerprint is 1e:76:f9:17:93:20:f1:be:06:48:02:3b:7c:80:41:07. Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes Warning: Permanently added '172.16.162.130' (RSA) to the list of known hosts. Address 172.16.162.130 maps to localhost, but this does not map back to the address - POSSIBLE BREAK-IN ATTEMPT! root@172.16.162.130's password: Now try logging into the machine, with "ssh '172.16.162.130'", and check in: .ssh/authorized_keys to make sure we haven't added extra keys that you weren't expecting.
进行命令测试
[root@vm ansible]# ansible testhost -m ping 172.16.162.130 | success >> { "changed": false, "ping": "pong" } [root@vm ansible]#
而testhost表明的则是
[root@vm ansible]# pwd /etc/ansible [root@vm ansible]# cat hosts [testhost] 172.16.162.130 [root@vm ansible]#
具体命令介绍下节说明