Python用python-docx读写word文档

python-docx库可用于建立和编辑Microsoft Word(.docx)文件。官方文档:https://python-docx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.htmlhtml


备注:doc是微软的专有的文件格式,docx是Microsoft Office2007以后版本使用,其基于Office Open XML标准的压缩文件格式,比doc文件所占用空间更小。docx格式的文件本质上是一个ZIP文件,因此其实也能够把.docx文件直接改为.zip,解压后,里面的word/document.xml包含了Word文档的大部份内容,图片文件则保存在word/media里面。python-docx不支持.doc文件,间接解决方法是在代码里面先把.doc转为.docx。python

1、安装包ide

`pip3 install python-docx``
2、建立word文档函数

下面是在官文示例基础上对个别地方稍微修改,并加上函数的使用说明
****from docx import Document
from docx.shared import Inches
document = Document()
#添加标题,并设置级别,范围:0 至 9,默认为1
document.add_heading('Document Title', 0)
#添加段落,文本能够包含制表符(\t)、换行符(\n)或回车符(\r)等
p = document.add_paragraph('A plain paragraph having some ')
#在段落后面追加文本,并可设置样式
p.add_run('bold').bold = True
p.add_run(' and some ')
p.add_run('italic.').italic = True
document.add_heading('Heading, level 1', level=1)
document.add_paragraph('Intense quote', style='Intense Quote')
#添加项目列表(前面一个小圆点)
document.add_paragraph(
'first item in unordered list', style='List Bullet'
)
document.add_paragraph('second item in unordered list', style='List Bullet')
#添加项目列表(前面数字)
document.add_paragraph('first item in ordered list', style='List Number')
document.add_paragraph('second item in ordered list', style='List Number')
#添加图片
document.add_picture('monty-truth.png', width=Inches(1.25))
records = (
(3, '101', 'Spam'),
(7, '422', 'Eggs'),
(4, '631', 'Spam, spam, eggs, and spam')
)
#添加表格:一行三列
# 表格样式参数可选:
# Normal Table
# Table Grid
# Light Shading、 Light Shading Accent 1 至 Light Shading Accent 6
# Light List、Light List Accent 1 至 Light List Accent 6
# Light Grid、Light Grid Accent 1 至 Light Grid Accent 6
# 太多了其它省略...
table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols=3, style='Light Shading Accent 2')
#获取第一行的单元格列表
hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells
#下面三行设置上面第一行的三个单元格的文本值
hdr_cells[0].text = 'Qty'
hdr_cells[1].text = 'Id'
hdr_cells[2].text = 'Desc'
for qty, id, desc in records:
#表格添加行,并返回行所在的单元格列表
row_cells = table.add_row().cells
row_cells[0].text = str(qty)
row_cells[1].text = id
row_cells[2].text = desc
document.add_page_break()
#保存.docx文档
document.save('demo.docx')**spa

建立的demo.docx内容以下:
Python用python-docx读写word文档
3、读取word文档orm

from docx import Document
doc = Document('demo.docx')
#每一段的内容
for para in doc.paragraphs:
print(para.text)
#每一段的编号、内容
for i in range(len(doc.paragraphs)):
print(str(i), doc.paragraphs[i].text)
#表格
tbs = doc.tables
for tb in tbs:
#行
for row in tb.rows:
#列
for cell in row.cells:
print(cell.text)
#也能够用下面方法
'''text = ''
for p in cell.paragraphs:
text += p.text
print(text)'''
运行结果:xml

Document Title
A plain paragraph having some bold and some italic.
Heading, level 1
Intense quote
first item in unordered list
second item in unordered list
first item in ordered list
second item in ordered list
Document Title
A plain paragraph having some bold and some italic.
Heading, level 1
Intense quote
first item in unordered list
second item in unordered list
first item in ordered list
second item in ordered list
Qty
Id
Desc
101
Spam
422
Eggs
631
Spam, spam, eggs, and spam
[Finished in 0.2s]htm

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