if语句写法: python
if expression: statement(s)
注:python使用缩进做为其语句分组的方法,建议使用4个空格。express
(1)条件为真true (非空的量(string,tuple,list ,set,dictonary),全部非零的数):bash
if 1: print 'hello world!' print 'True'
if 'aaa': print 'hello world!' print 'True'
(2)条件为假 faulse(0,None,空的量): 函数
if 0: print 'hello world!' print 'True'
if None: print 'hello world!' print 'True'
if '': print 'hello world!' print 'True'
if 1>2: print 'hello world!' print 'True'
(3)组合条件及其余(and /or ): ui
if not 1>2: print 'hello world!' print 'True'
if not 1>2 and 1 == 1: print 'hello world!' print 'True'
2.if else 举例:spa
if else写法:code
else语句:input
if expression: statement(s) else: statement(s)
if 1 < 2: print 'hello world' else: print 'Oh,no,fourse!' print 'main'
3.if elif else写法:string
elfi 语句: it
if expression1: statement1(s) elif expression2: statement2(s) else: statement3(s)
if 1 < 2: print 'hello world' elif 'a': print 'aaaaa' else: print 'Oh,no,fourse!'
4.举例1:
#!/usr/bin/env python score =int( raw_input(‘Please input a num:’)) if score >= 90: print 'A' print 'Very good' elif score >=80: print 'B' print 'good' elif score >=60: print 'C' print 'pass' else: print 'D' print 'END'
5.举例2:and or 应用:
多个条件下判断:
转换大小写:
a.lower()
a.upper()
#!/usr/bin/env python yn = raw_input("Please input [Yes/No]:") yn = yn.lower() if yn == 'y' or yn == 'yes': print "Programe is running..." elif yn == 'n' or yn == 'no': print "Programe is exit." else: print "Error,Please input [Yes/No]"
循环
循环是一个结构,致使程序要重复必定的次数。
条件下循环也是如此,固然条件变为假,循环结束。
for循环:
在序列里,使用for循环遍历。
语法:
for iterating_var in sqquence: statement(s)
举例:
(例1)for用法举例
>>> a = "ABC" >>> for i in a: ... print(i) ... A B C
(例2)list的for循环
>>> list1 = [1,3,4,5] >>> for i in list1: ... print(i) ... 1 3 4 5
(例3)range()函数用法:
最在取到5
>>> for i in range(1,6): ... print(i) ... 1 2 3 4 5
步长为3
>>> for i in range(1,11,3): ... print(i) ... 1 4 7 10
求1,10内的偶数:
>>> print ([i for i in range(1,11) if i%2==0]) [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
求1到100全部数加到一块儿的和:
#!/usr/bin/python sum = 0 for i in range(1,101): sum = sum + i print sum
运行结果:
[root@localhost python]# python for1.py 5050
流程控制-for循环(字典)
>>> dic = {'a': '100', 'b': '100', 'c': '100', 'd': '100', 'e': '100', 'f': '100'} >>> for i in dic.items():print(i) ... ('a', '100') ('b', '100') ('c', '100') ('d', '100') ('e', '100') ('f', '100') >>>for k in dic: print(k) a b c d e f
举例乘法口诀:
#!/usr/bin/env python #python3中执行 for i in range(1,10): for j in range(1,i+1): print("%sx%s=%s" % (j,i,j*i),end=" ") print()
运行结果:
1x1=1 1x2=2 2x2=4 1x3=3 2x3=6 3x3=9 1x4=4 2x4=8 3x4=12 4x4=16 1x5=5 2x5=10 3x5=15 4x5=20 5x5=25 1x6=6 2x6=12 3x6=18 4x6=24 5x6=30 6x6=36 1x7=7 2x7=14 3x7=21 4x7=28 5x7=35 6x7=42 7x7=49 1x8=8 2x8=16 3x8=24 4x8=32 5x8=40 6x8=48 7x8=56 8x8=64 1x9=9 2x9=18 3x9=27 4x9=36 5x9=45 6x9=54 7x9=63 8x9=72 9x9=81
while与for相对比:
for循环用在有次数的循环上。
while循环用在有条件的控制上。
while循环:
while循环,直到表达式变为假,才退出。while循环,表达式是一个逻辑表达式,必须返回一个True或False
语法:
while expression: statement(s)
break :跳出整个循环
continue:跳出本次循环
练习脚本若是下:
脚本1:
#!/usr/bin/python n = 0 while 1: if n == 10: break print(str(n)+" hello") n += 1
结果:
0 hello 1 hello 2 hello 3 hello 4 hello 5 hello 6 hello 7 hello 8 hello 9 hello
脚本2:
#!/usr/bin/env python sth='' while sth != 'q': sth=input("Please input sth,q for exit:") if not sth: break if sth == 'quit': continue print ('continue') else: print ('GOOD BYE')