openstack计算服务nova

时间 2020-08-29

标签 openstack 计算服务 nova 繁體版

原文原文链接

1、环境准备

一、虚拟机准备

IP地址		主机名			操做系统
192.168.56.11	linux-node1		CentOS7
192.168.56.12	linux-node2		CentOS7

其中，linux-node1看成控制节点html

linux-node2看成计算节点node

2、nova服务

咱们把除了nova-compute组件以外的节点都安装在一台主机上，称为控制节点；把nava-compute安装在另一台主机上，称为计算节点；计算节点是用来建立虚拟机的python

nova有不少服务mysql

- API：负责接收和响应外部请求，支持OpenStack API,EC2 API
- Cert:负责身份认证EC2
- Schedule:用于云主机调度
- Conductor：计算节点访问数据的中间件
- Consoleauth：用于控制台的受权验证
- Novncproxy:VNC代理

scheduler模块在openstack中的做用就是决策虚拟机建立在哪一个主机（计算节点）上。linux

决策一个虚拟机应该调度到某物理节点，须要分两个步骤：
- 过滤（Filter）
- 计算权值（Weight）

一、nova安装

在控制节点上sql

[root@linux-node1 ~]# yum install -y openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-cert \
  openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-console \
  openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler

二、配置

先决条件数据库

（1）建立nova和nova-api数据库

已在安装mariadb后建立完成vim

（2）得到 admin 凭证来获取只有管理员能执行的命令的访问权限

建立用户centos

（3）修改nova.conf

配置数据库链接api

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

[api_database]
connection=mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@192.168.56.11/nova_api

[database]
connection=mysql+pymysql://nova:nova@192.168.56.11/nova

三、同步数据库

[root@linux-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
[root@linux-node1 ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

验证是否同步成功

mysql -h 192.168.56.11 -unova -pnova -e "use nova;show tables;"
mysql -h 192.168.56.11 -unova -pnova -e "use nova_api;show tables;"

四、配置keystone

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf

#打开注释，认证方式选择keystone
auth_strategy=keystone

#在[keystone_authtoken]下添加
auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova

五、配置rabbitmq

[root@linux-node1 ~]# grep '^r' /etc/nova/nova.conf 
rabbit_host=192.168.56.11
rabbit_port=5672
rabbit_userid=openstack
rabbit_password=openstack
rpc_backend=rabbit

六、修改nova自身的配置

vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
#在[DEFAULT]部分，只使用计算和元数据API
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata

#和网络相关，使用neutron
use_neutron=true
#使用nova的防火墙，而且关闭
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
#在[vnc]部分，配置VNC代理使用控制节点的管理接口IP地址
vncserver_listen=192.168.56.11

vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.11
#在 [glance] 区域，配置镜像服务 API 的位置：
api_servers=http://192.168.56.11:9292
#在 [oslo_concurrency] 部分，配置锁路径：
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp

七、启动nova

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-api.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-api.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-consoleauth.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-consoleauth.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-scheduler.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-conductor.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-conductor.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/openstack-nova-novncproxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/openstack-nova-novncproxy.service.
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-consoleauth.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

八、在keystone上作服务注册

在建立以前，要先执行环境变量脚本
[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openstack.sh

再建立nova服务实体

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| Field       | Value                            |
+-------------+----------------------------------+
| description | OpenStack Compute                |
| enabled     | True                             |
| id          | 4d3ec9545a5549598a0b7e458b8f7bcd |
| name        | nova                             |
| type        | compute                          |
+-------------+----------------------------------+

建立镜像服务的API endpoint

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                        |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                         |
| id           | b3e8878ea8964039897bb56367364484             |
| interface    | public                                       |
| region       | RegionOne                                    |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                    |
| service_id   | 4d3ec9545a5549598a0b7e458b8f7bcd             |
| service_name | nova                                         |
| service_type | compute                                      |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                        |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                         |
| id           | 59b33390ae474bc5bd04fb8bc3affa90             |
| interface    | admin                                        |
| region       | RegionOne                                    |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                    |
| service_id   | 4d3ec9545a5549598a0b7e458b8f7bcd             |
| service_name | nova                                         |
| service_type | compute                                      |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| Field        | Value                                        |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+
| enabled      | True                                         |
| id           | 0d8ed49cdded436bb2faadc133017049             |
| interface    | internal                                     |
| region       | RegionOne                                    |
| region_id    | RegionOne                                    |
| service_id   | 4d3ec9545a5549598a0b7e458b8f7bcd             |
| service_name | nova                                         |
| service_type | compute                                      |
| url          | http://192.168.56.11:8774/v2.1/%(tenant_id)s |
+--------------+----------------------------------------------+

验证控制节点是否部署成功

[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack host list
+-------------+-------------+----------+
| Host Name   | Service     | Zone     |
+-------------+-------------+----------+
| linux-node1 | consoleauth | internal |
| linux-node1 | conductor   | internal |
| linux-node1 | scheduler   | internal |
+-------------+-------------+----------+

3、nova-compute

一、基础软件包安装

（1）安装EPEL源

rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

（2）安装OpenStack仓库

yum install -y centos-release-openstack-mitaka

（3）安装OpenStack客户端

yum install -y python-openstackclient

（4）安装OpenStack SELinux管理包

yum install -y openstack-selinux

二、nova-compute配置

[root@linux-node2 ~]# grep '^[a-Z]' /etc/nova/nova.conf
enabled_apis=osapi_compute,metadata
auth_strategy=keystone
firewall_driver=nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
use_neutron=true
rpc_backend=rabbit
api_servers=http://192.168.56.11:9292
auth_uri = http://192.168.56.11:5000
auth_url = http://192.168.56.11:35357
memcached_servers = 192.168.56.11:11211
auth_type = password
project_domain_name = default
user_domain_name = default
project_name = service
username = nova
password = nova
virt_type=kvm
lock_path=/var/lib/nova/tmp
rabbit_host=192.168.56.11
rabbit_port=5672
rabbit_userid=openstack
rabbit_password=openstack
enabled=true    #启用并配置远程控制台访问
vncserver_listen=0.0.0.0
vncserver_proxyclient_address=192.168.56.12
novncproxy_base_url=http://192.168.56.11:6080/vnc_auto.html

三、启动计算服务及其依赖，并设置开机启动

systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

四、验证计算服务是否配置成功

在控制节点上执行
[root@linux-node1 ~]# source admin-openstack.sh 
[root@linux-node1 ~]# openstack host list
+-------------+-------------+----------+
| Host Name   | Service     | Zone     |
+-------------+-------------+----------+
| linux-node1 | consoleauth | internal |
| linux-node1 | conductor   | internal |
| linux-node1 | scheduler   | internal |
| linux-node2 | compute     | nova     |
+-------------+-------------+----------+
能够看到在计算节点上有compute服务，则说明配置成功
[root@linux-node1 ~]# nova service-list
+----+------------------+-------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| Id | Binary           | Host        | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated_at                 | Disabled Reason |
+----+------------------+-------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+
| 1  | nova-consoleauth | linux-node1 | internal | enabled | up    | 2016-10-28T13:22:42.000000 | -               |
| 2  | nova-conductor   | linux-node1 | internal | enabled | up    | 2016-10-28T13:22:49.000000 | -               |
| 3  | nova-scheduler   | linux-node1 | internal | enabled | up    | 2016-10-28T13:22:42.000000 | -               |
| 6  | nova-compute     | linux-node2 | nova     | enabled | up    | 2016-10-28T13:22:44.000000 | -               |
+----+------------------+-------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+

若是能列出咱们已经上传的镜像，则证实nova与glance之间配置成功
[root@linux-node1 ~]# nova p_w_picpath-list
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
| ID                                   | Name   | Status | Server |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+
| 29d99654-ba91-4d04-8808-e1b8d16861fb | cirros | ACTIVE |        |
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+--------+