最近在公司的项目中使用了spring security框架,因此有机会来学习一下,公司的项目是使用springboot搭建 springBoot版本1.59html
spring security 版本4.2.3java
(我的理解可能会有误差,但愿有不正确之处,你们可以指出来,共同探讨交流。)web
目录spring
一、简介数组
二、框架原理缓存
2、自定义安全配置的加载机制springboot
一、前提 基于自身业务须要session
四、举例说明如何将一个Configurer转换为filter
一个可以为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全訪问控制解决方式的安全框架(简单说是对访问权限进行控制嘛),应用的安全性包括用户认证(Authentication)和用户受权(Authorization)两个部分。用户认证指的是验证某个用户是否为系统中的合法主体,也就是说用户可否访问该系统。用户认证通常要求用户提供用户名和密码。系统经过校验用户名和密码来完成认证过程。用户受权指的是验证某个用户是否有权限执行某个操做。在一个系统中,不一样用户所具备的权限是不一样的。好比对一个文件来讲,有的用户只能进行读取,而有的用户能够进行修改。通常来讲,系统会为不一样的用户分配不一样的角色,而每一个角色则对应一系列的权限。 spring security的主要核心功能为 认证和受权,全部的架构也是基于这两个核心功能去实现的。
众所周知 想要对对Web资源进行保护,最好的办法莫过于Filter,要想对方法调用进行保护,最好的办法莫过于AOP。因此springSecurity在咱们进行用户认证以及授予权限的时候,经过各类各样的拦截器来控制权限的访问,从而实现安全。
以下为其主要过滤器
有关springSecrity安全框架的理解参考:springSecurity安全框架介绍
自定义了一个springSecurity安全框架的配置类 继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter,重写其中的方法configure,可是并不清楚自定义的类是如何被加载并起到做用,这里一步步经过debug来了解其中的加载原理。
其实在咱们实现该类后,在web容器启动的过程当中该类实例对象会被WebSecurityConfiguration类处理。
@Configuration
public class SpringSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
@Autowired
private AccessDeniedHandler accessDeniedHandler;
@Autowired
private CustAuthenticationProvider custAuthenticationProvider;
// roles admin allow to access /admin/**
// roles user allow to access /user/**
// custom 403 access denied handler
//重写了其中的configure()方法设置了不一样url的不一样访问权限
@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.csrf().disable()
.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers("/home", "/about","/img/*").permitAll()
.antMatchers("/admin/**","/upload/**").hasAnyRole("ADMIN")
.antMatchers("/order/**").hasAnyRole("USER","ADMIN")
.antMatchers("/room/**").hasAnyRole("USER","ADMIN")
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin()
.loginPage("/login")
.permitAll()
.and()
.logout()
.permitAll()
.and()
.exceptionHandling().accessDeniedHandler(accessDeniedHandler);
}
// create two users, admin and user
@Autowired
public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
// auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
// .withUser("user").password("user").roles("USER")
// .and()
// .withUser("admin").password("admin").roles("ADMIN");
// auth.jdbcAuthentication()
auth.authenticationProvider(custAuthenticationProvider);
}
@Configuration
public class WebSecurityConfiguration implements ImportAware, BeanClassLoaderAware {
private WebSecurity webSecurity;
private Boolean debugEnabled;
private List<SecurityConfigurer<Filter, WebSecurity>> webSecurityConfigurers;
private ClassLoader beanClassLoader;
...省略部分代码
@Bean(
name = {"springSecurityFilterChain"}
)
public Filter springSecurityFilterChain() throws Exception {
boolean hasConfigurers = this.webSecurityConfigurers != null
&& !this.webSecurityConfigurers.isEmpty();
if(!hasConfigurers) {
WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter adapter = (WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter)
this.objectObjectPostProcessor
.postProcess(new WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter() {
});
this.webSecurity.apply(adapter);
}
return (Filter)this.webSecurity.build();
}
/*一、先执行该方法将咱们自定义springSecurity配置实例 (可能还有系统默认的有关安全的配置实例 ) 配置实例中含有咱们自定义业务的权限控制配置信息 放入到该对象的list数组中webSecurityConfigurers中 使用@Value注解来将实例对象做为形参注入 */
@Autowired(
required = false
)
public void setFilterChainProxySecurityConfigurer(ObjectPostProcessor<Object> objectPostProcessor, @Value("#{@autowiredWebSecurityConfigurersIgnoreParents.getWebSecurityConfigurers()}") List<SecurityConfigurer<Filter, WebSecurity>> webSecurityConfigurers) throws Exception {
//建立一个webSecurity对象
this.webSecurity = (WebSecurity)objectPostProcessor.postProcess(new WebSecurity(objectPostProcessor));
if(this.debugEnabled != null) {
this.webSecurity.debug(this.debugEnabled.booleanValue());
}
//对全部配置类的实例进行排序
Collections.sort(webSecurityConfigurers, WebSecurityConfiguration.AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
Integer previousOrder = null;
Object previousConfig = null;
//迭代全部配置类的实例 判断其order必须惟一
Iterator var5;
SecurityConfigurer config;
for(var5 = webSecurityConfigurers.iterator(); var5.hasNext(); previousConfig = config) {
config = (SecurityConfigurer)var5.next();
Integer order = Integer.valueOf(WebSecurityConfiguration.AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.lookupOrder(config));
if(previousOrder != null && previousOrder.equals(order)) {
throw new IllegalStateException("@Order on WebSecurityConfigurers must be unique. Order of " + order + " was already used on " + previousConfig + ", so it cannot be used on " + config + " too.");
}
previousOrder = order;
}
//将全部的配置实例添加到建立的webSecutity对象中
var5 = webSecurityConfigurers.iterator();
while(var5.hasNext()) {
config = (SecurityConfigurer)var5.next();
this.webSecurity.apply(config);
}
//将webSercurityConfigures 实例放入该对象的webSecurityConfigurers属性中
this.webSecurityConfigurers = webSecurityConfigurers;
}
}
2.一、 setFilterChainProxySecurityConfigurer()方法
@Value("#{@autowiredWebSecurityConfigurersIgnoreParents.getWebSecurityConfigurers()}") List<SecurityConfigurer<Filter, WebSecurity>> webSecurityConfigurers
该参数webSecurityConfigurers会将全部的配置实例放入该形参中
该方法中 主要执行以下
一、建立webSecurity对象
二、主要检验了配置实例的order顺序(order惟一 不然会报错)
三、将全部的配置实例存放进入到webSecurity对象中,其中配置实例中含有咱们自定义业务的权限控制配置信息
2.二、springSecurityFilterChain()方法
调用springSecurityFilterChain()方法,这个方法会判断咱们上一个方法中有没有获取到webSecurityConfigurers,没有的话这边会建立一个WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter实例,并追加到websecurity中。接着调用websecurity的build方法。实际调用的是websecurity的父类AbstractSecurityBuilder的build方法 ,最终返回一个名称为springSecurityFilterChain的过滤器链。里面有众多Filter(springSecurity其实就是依靠不少的Filter来拦截url从而实现权限的控制的安全框架)
public abstract class AbstractSecurityBuilder<O> implements SecurityBuilder<O> {
private AtomicBoolean building = new AtomicBoolean();
private O object;
//调用build方法来返回过滤器链,仍是调用SecurityBuilder的dobuild()方法
public final O build() throws Exception {
if(this.building.compareAndSet(false, true)) {
this.object = this.doBuild();
return this.object;
} else {
throw new AlreadyBuiltException("This object has already been built");
}
}
//...省略部分代码
}
3.1 调用子类的doBuild()方法
public abstract class AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder<O, B extends SecurityBuilder<O>> extends AbstractSecurityBuilder<O> {
private final Log logger;
private final LinkedHashMap<Class<? extends SecurityConfigurer<O, B>>, List<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>>> configurers;
private final List<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> configurersAddedInInitializing;
private final Map<Class<? extends Object>, Object> sharedObjects;
private final boolean allowConfigurersOfSameType;
private AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder.BuildState buildState;
private ObjectPostProcessor<Object> objectPostProcessor;
//doBuild()核心方法 init(),configure(),perFormBuild()
protected final O doBuild() throws Exception {
LinkedHashMap var1 = this.configurers;
synchronized(this.configurers) {
this.buildState = AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder.BuildState.INITIALIZING;
this.beforeInit();
this.init();
this.buildState = AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder.BuildState.CONFIGURING;
this.beforeConfigure();
this.configure();
this.buildState = AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder.BuildState.BUILDING;
O result = this.performBuild();
this.buildState = AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder.BuildState.BUILT;
return result;
}
}
protected abstract O performBuild() throws Exception;
//调用init方法 调用配置类WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter的init()方法
private void init() throws Exception {
Collection<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> configurers = this.getConfigurers();
Iterator var2 = configurers.iterator();
SecurityConfigurer configurer;
while(var2.hasNext()) {
configurer = (SecurityConfigurer)var2.next();
configurer.init(this);
}
var2 = this.configurersAddedInInitializing.iterator();
while(var2.hasNext()) {
configurer = (SecurityConfigurer)var2.next();
configurer.init(this);
}
}
private void configure() throws Exception {
Collection<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> configurers = this.getConfigurers();
Iterator var2 = configurers.iterator();
while(var2.hasNext()) {
SecurityConfigurer<O, B> configurer = (SecurityConfigurer)var2.next();
configurer.configure(this);
}
}
private Collection<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> getConfigurers() {
List<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> result = new ArrayList();
Iterator var2 = this.configurers.values().iterator();
while(var2.hasNext()) {
List<SecurityConfigurer<O, B>> configs = (List)var2.next();
result.addAll(configs);
}
return result;
}
//...省略部分代码
}
3.2 先调用本类的init()方法
build过程主要分三步,init->configure->peformBuild
以上三个方法就是WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter类中init方法的主要逻辑,
public abstract class WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter implements WebSecurityConfigurer<WebSecurity> {
public void init(final WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
final HttpSecurity http = this.getHttp();
web.addSecurityFilterChainBuilder(http).postBuildAction(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
FilterSecurityInterceptor securityInterceptor = (FilterSecurityInterceptor)http.getSharedObject(FilterSecurityInterceptor.class);
web.securityInterceptor(securityInterceptor);
}
});
}
protected final HttpSecurity getHttp() throws Exception {
if(this.http != null) {
return this.http;
} else {
DefaultAuthenticationEventPublisher eventPublisher = (DefaultAuthenticationEventPublisher)this.objectPostProcessor.postProcess(new DefaultAuthenticationEventPublisher());
//添加认证的事件的发布者
this.localConfigureAuthenticationBldr.authenticationEventPublisher(eventPublisher);
//获取AuthenticationManager对象其中一至多个进行认证处理的对象实例,后面会进行讲解
AuthenticationManager authenticationManager = this.authenticationManager();
this.authenticationBuilder.parentAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager);
Map<Class<? extends Object>, Object> sharedObjects = this.createSharedObjects();
this.http = new HttpSecurity(this.objectPostProcessor, this.authenticationBuilder, sharedObjects);
if(!this.disableDefaults) {
((HttpSecurity)((DefaultLoginPageConfigurer)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)((HttpSecurity)this.http.csrf().and()).addFilter(new WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter()).exceptionHandling().and()).headers().and()).sessionManagement().and()).securityContext().and()).requestCache().and()).anonymous().and()).servletApi().and()).apply(new DefaultLoginPageConfigurer())).and()).logout();
ClassLoader classLoader = this.context.getClassLoader();
List<AbstractHttpConfigurer> defaultHttpConfigurers = SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactories(AbstractHttpConfigurer.class, classLoader);
Iterator var6 = defaultHttpConfigurers.iterator();
while(var6.hasNext()) {
AbstractHttpConfigurer configurer = (AbstractHttpConfigurer)var6.next();
this.http.apply(configurer);
}
}
//最终调用咱们的继承的WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter中重写的configure()
//将咱们业务相关的权限配置规则信息进行初始化操做
this.configure(this.http);
return this.http;
}
}
protected AuthenticationManager authenticationManager() throws Exception {
if(!this.authenticationManagerInitialized) {
this.configure(this.localConfigureAuthenticationBldr);
if(this.disableLocalConfigureAuthenticationBldr) {
this.authenticationManager = this.authenticationConfiguration.getAuthenticationManager();
} else {
this.authenticationManager = (AuthenticationManager)this.localConfigureAuthenticationBldr.build();
}
this.authenticationManagerInitialized = true;
}
return this.authenticationManager;
}
}
3.三、第二步configure
3.四、第三步 peformBuild
public final class WebSecurity extends AbstractConfiguredSecurityBuilder<Filter, WebSecurity> implements SecurityBuilder<Filter>, ApplicationContextAware {
...省略部分代码
//调用该方法经过securityFilterChainBuilder.build()方法来建立securityFilter过滤器
//并添加到securityFilterChains对象中,包装成FilterChainProxy 返回
protected Filter performBuild() throws Exception {
Assert.state(!this.securityFilterChainBuilders.isEmpty(), "At least one SecurityBuilder<? extends SecurityFilterChain> needs to be specified. Typically this done by adding a @Configuration that extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter. More advanced users can invoke " + WebSecurity.class.getSimpleName() + ".addSecurityFilterChainBuilder directly");
int chainSize = this.ignoredRequests.size() + this.securityFilterChainBuilders.size();
List<SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChains = new ArrayList(chainSize);
Iterator var3 = this.ignoredRequests.iterator();
while(var3.hasNext()) {
RequestMatcher ignoredRequest = (RequestMatcher)var3.next();
securityFilterChains.add(new DefaultSecurityFilterChain(ignoredRequest, new Filter[0]));
}
var3 = this.securityFilterChainBuilders.iterator();
while(var3.hasNext()) {
SecurityBuilder<? extends SecurityFilterChain> securityFilterChainBuilder = (SecurityBuilder)var3.next();
securityFilterChains.add(securityFilterChainBuilder.build());
}
FilterChainProxy filterChainProxy = new FilterChainProxy(securityFilterChains);
if(this.httpFirewall != null) {
filterChainProxy.setFirewall(this.httpFirewall);
}
filterChainProxy.afterPropertiesSet();
Filter result = filterChainProxy;
if(this.debugEnabled) {
this.logger.warn("\n\n********************************************************************\n********** Security debugging is enabled. *************\n********** This may include sensitive information. *************\n********** Do not use in a production system! *************\n********************************************************************\n\n");
result = new DebugFilter(filterChainProxy);
}
this.postBuildAction.run();
return (Filter)result;
}
}
ExpressionUrlAuthorizationConfigurer的继承关系
ExpressionUrlAuthorizationConfigurer->AbstractInterceptUrlConfigurer->AbstractHttpConfigurer->SecurityConfigurerAdapter->SecurityConfigurer
对应的init方法在SecurityConfigurerAdapter类中,是个空实现,什么也没有作,configure方法在SecurityConfigurerAdapter类中也有一个空实现,在AbstractInterceptUrlConfigurer类中进行了重写
Abstractintercepturlconfigurer.java代码
@Override
public void configure(H http) throws Exception {
FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource metadataSource = createMetadataSource(http);
if (metadataSource == null) {
return;
}
FilterSecurityInterceptor securityInterceptor = createFilterSecurityInterceptor(
http, metadataSource, http.getSharedObject(AuthenticationManager.class));
if (filterSecurityInterceptorOncePerRequest != null) {
securityInterceptor
.setObserveOncePerRequest(filterSecurityInterceptorOncePerRequest);
}
securityInterceptor = postProcess(securityInterceptor);
http.addFilter(securityInterceptor);
http.setSharedObject(FilterSecurityInterceptor.class, securityInterceptor);
}
...
private AccessDecisionManager createDefaultAccessDecisionManager(H http) {
AffirmativeBased result = new AffirmativeBased(getDecisionVoters(http));
return postProcess(result);
}
...
private FilterSecurityInterceptor createFilterSecurityInterceptor(H http, FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource metadataSource, AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) throws Exception {
FilterSecurityInterceptor securityInterceptor = new FilterSecurityInterceptor();
securityInterceptor.setSecurityMetadataSource(metadataSource);
securityInterceptor.setAccessDecisionManager(getAccessDecisionManager(http));
securityInterceptor.setAuthenticationManager(authenticationManager);
securityInterceptor.afterPropertiesSet();
return securityInterceptor;
}
4.一、 在这个类的configure中建立了一个FilterSecurityInterceptor,而且也能够明确看到spring security默认给咱们建立的AccessDecisionManager是AffirmativeBased。
4.二、.最后再看下HttpSecurity类执行build的最后一步 performBuild,这个方法就是在HttpSecurity中实现的
Httpsecurity.java代码
@Override
protected DefaultSecurityFilterChain performBuild() throws Exception {
Collections.sort(filters, comparator);
return new DefaultSecurityFilterChain(requestMatcher, filters);
}
能够看到,这个类只是把咱们追加到HttpSecurity中的security进行了排序,用的排序类是FilterComparator,从而保证咱们的filter按照正确的顺序执行。接着将filters构建成filterChian返回。在前面WebSecurity的performBuild方法中,这个返回值会被包装成FilterChainProxy,并做为WebSecurity的build方法的放回值。从而以springSecurityFilterChain这个名称注册到springContext中(在WebSecurityConfiguration中作的)
4.3.在WebSecurity的performBuild方法的最后一步还执行了一个postBuildAction.run,这个方法也是spring security给咱们提供的一个hooks,能够在build完成后再作一些事情,好比咱们在WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter类的init方法中咱们利用这个hook在构建完成后将FilterSecurityInterceptor赋值给了webSecurity类的filterSecurityInterceptor属性
一、用户一次完整的登陆验证和受权,是一个请求通过 层层拦截器从而实现权限控制,整个web端配置为DelegatingFilterProxy(springSecurity的委托过滤其代理类 ),它并不实现真正的过滤,而是全部过滤器链的代理类,真正执行拦截处理的是由spring 容器管理的个个filter bean组成的filterChain.
调用实际的FilterChainProxy 的doFilterInternal()方法 去获取全部的拦截器并进行过滤处理以下是DelegatingFilterProxy的doFilter()方法
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
Filter delegateToUse = this.delegate;
if(delegateToUse == null) {
Object var5 = this.delegateMonitor;
synchronized(this.delegateMonitor) {
delegateToUse = this.delegate;
if(delegateToUse == null) {
WebApplicationContext wac = this.findWebApplicationContext();
if(wac == null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("No WebApplicationContext found: no ContextLoaderListener or DispatcherServlet registered?");
}
delegateToUse = this.initDelegate(wac);
}
this.delegate = delegateToUse;
}
}
//调用实际的FilterChainProxy 的doFilterInternal()方法 去获取全部的拦截器并进行过滤处理
this.invokeDelegate(delegateToUse, request, response, filterChain);
}
调用实际的FilterChainProxy 的doFilter()方法 去获取全部的拦截器并进行过滤处理。
二、FilterChainProxy类
最终调用FilterChainProxy 的doFilterInternal()方法,获取全部的过滤器实例
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
boolean clearContext = request.getAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED) == null;
if(clearContext) {
try {
request.setAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED, Boolean.TRUE);
//doFilter 调用doFilterInternal方法
this.doFilterInternal(request, response, chain);
} finally {
SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
request.removeAttribute(FILTER_APPLIED);
}
} else {
this.doFilterInternal(request, response, chain);
}
}
private void doFilterInternal(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
FirewalledRequest fwRequest = this.firewall.getFirewalledRequest((HttpServletRequest)request);
HttpServletResponse fwResponse = this.firewall.getFirewalledResponse((HttpServletResponse)response);
//过去全部的过滤器
List<Filter> filters = this.getFilters((HttpServletRequest)fwRequest);
if(filters != null && filters.size() != 0) {
FilterChainProxy.VirtualFilterChain vfc = new FilterChainProxy.VirtualFilterChain(fwRequest, chain, filters);
vfc.doFilter(fwRequest, fwResponse);
} else {
if(logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
logger.debug(UrlUtils.buildRequestUrl(fwRequest) + (filters == null?" has no matching filters":" has an empty filter list"));
}
fwRequest.reset();
chain.doFilter(fwRequest, fwResponse);
}
}
private List<Filter> getFilters(HttpServletRequest request) {
//遍历全部的matcher类 若是支持就继续获取
Iterator var2 = this.filterChains.iterator();
SecurityFilterChain chain;
do {
if(!var2.hasNext()) {
return null;
}
chain = (SecurityFilterChain)var2.next();
} while(!chain.matches(request));
//后去匹配中的全部过滤器
return chain.getFilters();
}
如上 实际上是获取到本次请求的全部filter 并安装指定顺序进行执行doFilter()方法
这是笔者本次业务请求所要执行的全部过滤器
关于springSecutity拦截器的介绍请参考以下连接地址
http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-rgyffmcv-nn.html
http://blog.didispace.com/xjf-spring-security-4/
http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-hxvyosau-kd.html
http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-uwoputbo-mb.html
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/liushangzaibeijing/article/details/81220610