Selenium把元素定位接口封装得更简单易用了,支持Xpath、CSS选择器、以及标签名、标签属性和标签文本查找。html
from selenium.webdriver import PhantomJS from random import randint import time from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from requests.cookies import RequestsCookieJar import requests def savepic(): filename = '{}-{}.png'.format(int(time.time()), randint(100, 999)) driver.save_screenshot(filename=filename) with PhantomJS() as driver: driver.set_window_size(width=1280, height=1024) url = 'https://www.oschina.net/home/login' driver.get(url=url) # savepic() username = driver.find_element_by_id(id_='userMail') password = driver.find_element_by_id(id_='userPassword') username.send_keys('user@xx.com') # 输入用户名 password.send_keys('password') # 输入密码 # savepic() password.send_keys(Keys.ENTER) # 输入回车,提交表单 time.sleep(10) print(driver.current_url) # 登录后跳转到首页 # userinfo = driver.find_element_by_class_name(name='user-info') while not driver.find_element_by_class_name(name='user-info').is_displayed(): time.sleep(1) savepic() cookies = driver.get_cookies() # 获取cookie print(cookies, type(cookies)) for cookie in cookies: print(cookie) jar = RequestsCookieJar() for cookie in cookies: jar.set(name=cookie.get('name'), value=cookie.get('value')) print(jar) ua = "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/70.0.3538.102 Safari/537.36" headers = {'user-agent': ua} with requests.get(url=url, headers=headers) as resp: print(resp.url) # 不带cookie会停留在登录页 with requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, cookies=jar) as resp: print(resp.url) # 带上cookie会自动登录跳转到首页 with open('osc.html', 'wb') as f: f.write(resp.content)
参考:
https://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/locating-elements.html
https://selenium-python.readthedocs.io/api.html#module-selenium.webdriver.common.keyspython