rabbitmq学习记录（六）交换机Exchange-direct

实现功能：一条消息发送给多个消费者

交换机模式：direct

相比于以前的fanout模式，能够进一步的筛选获取消息的消费者。

fanout模式下，只要消费者监听的队列，已经与接收生产者消息的交换机绑定，那消费者就能收到消息。

direct模式下，消费者监听的队列，不只须要已经与接收生产者消息的交换机进行绑定，并且绑定交换机时指定的routingKey要匹配生产者发送消息时指定的routingKey（彻底匹配）。

生产者：

package com.example.demo.queue.exchangeToQueue.direct;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException;

import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;

public class Producer {

	private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct"; 
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Connection connection = null;
		Channel channel = null;
		try {
			// 获取链接
			connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
			// 建立通道
			channel = connection.createChannel();
			// 声明交换机
			channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "direct");
			String routingKey = "debug";
			// 生产者发送的信息
			String msg = "routingKey="+routingKey;
			System.out.println("send msg : "+msg);
			// 发送信息
			channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, routingKey, null, msg.getBytes());
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			// 关闭通道
			try {
				channel.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (TimeoutException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			// 关闭链接
			try {
				connection.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		
	}
	
}

消费者1：

package com.example.demo.queue.exchangeToQueue.direct;

import java.io.IOException;

import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class Consumer01 {

	private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct"; 
	
	private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_to_queue_01";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			// 获取链接
			Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
			// 建立通道
			final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
			// 声明队列
			channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
			// 绑定队列到交换机
			channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "info");
			// 定义消费者
			DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
				@Override
				public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
					String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
					System.out.println("[1]:receive msg:"+msg);
					System.out.println("[1]:deal msg successful.");
				}
				
			};
			// 接收信息
			channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
}

消费者2：

package com.example.demo.queue.exchangeToQueue.direct;

import java.io.IOException;

import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class Consumer02 {

	private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct"; 
	
	private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_to_queue_02";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			// 获取链接
			Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
			// 建立通道
			final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
			// 声明队列
			channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
			// 绑定队列到交换机
			channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "info");
			channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "error");
			// 定义消费者
			DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
				@Override
				public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
					String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
					System.out.println("[2]:receive msg:"+msg);
					System.out.println("[2]:deal msg successful.");
				}
			};
			// 接收信息
			channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
}

消费者3：

package com.example.demo.queue.exchangeToQueue.direct;

import java.io.IOException;

import com.example.demo.utils.ConnectionUtil;
import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP.BasicProperties;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class Consumer03 {

	private static final String EXCHANGE_NAME = "exchange_direct"; 
	
	private static final String QUEUE_NAME = "direct_exchange_to_queue_03";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			// 获取链接
			Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
			// 建立通道
			final Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
			// 声明队列
			channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);
			// 绑定队列到交换机
			channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "info");
			channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "error");
			channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "debug");
			// 定义消费者
			DefaultConsumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
				@Override
				public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope, BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
					String msg = new String(body,"UTF-8");
					System.out.println("[3]:receive msg:"+msg);
					System.out.println("[3]:deal msg successful.");
					// 反馈消息处理完毕
					channel.basicAck(envelope.getDeliveryTag(), false);
				}
			};
			// 接收信息
			channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
}

和以前同样，涉及到了交换机，而在消费者类中中并无声明交换机，因此须要先执行生产者类的main方法

接下来，咱们就能够依次执行三个消费者类的main方法，以后再执行生产者类的main方法。

上述生产者类指定的routingKey是debug,采用的是彻底匹配，理论上是只有消费者3能收到消息

执行生产者类的main方法获得的结果以下

消费者1终端：

消费者2终端：

消费者3终端：

结果与理论一致。