DPDK（三）：入门1---DPDK官方用例

1、编译dpdk lib
一、配置编译工具链
make config T=x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc
二、编译
cd build
make
编译错误一：/root/dpdk-18.11/lib/librte_eal/linuxapp/eal/eal_memory.c:29:18: fatal error: numa.h: No such file or directory
缘由：缺乏库
解决方法：yum install numactl-devel*x86_64 -y
编译错误二：make: *** /lib/modules/3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64/build: No such file or directory. Stop.
缘由：系统没有安装内核开发包
解决方法：（1）yum install kernel-devel -y （2）ln -s /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-957.5.1.el7.x86_64 /usr/src/kernels/3.10.0-957.1.3.el7.x86_64
三、结果
编译出来的.a文件在目录/root/dpdk-18.11/build/lib下
2、dpdk用例
一、例1：hello world
（1）编译
cd /root/dpdk-18.11/examples/helloworld
export RTE_SDK=/root/dpdk-18.11
export RTE_TARGET=x86_64-native-linuxapp-gcc
export RTE_TARGET=build
make
会在当前目录生成build目录，里面有编译生成的可执行文件。
（2）运行helloworld
[root@localhost helloworld]# ./build/helloworld
EAL: Detected 4 lcore(s)
EAL: Detected 1 NUMA nodes
EAL: Multi-process socket /var/run/dpdk/rte/mp_socket
EAL: No free hugepages reported in hugepages-2048kB
EAL: No free hugepages reported in hugepages-2048kB
EAL: FATAL: Cannot get hugepage information.
EAL: Cannot get hugepage information.
PANIC in main():
Cannot init EAL
5: [./build/helloworld() [0x4804df]]
4: [/lib64/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xf5) [0x7fe22c67c3d5]]
3: [./build/helloworld() [0x4774b8]]
2: [./build/helloworld(__rte_panic+0xb8) [0x4609fb]]
1: [./build/helloworld(rte_dump_stack+0x1a) [0x5526ba]]
Aborted (core dumped)
运行环境配有配置，须要配置一下运行环境。
source usertools/dpdk-setup.sh,分别设置18,20,22
而后就能够正常运行了。
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ./examples/helloworld/build/helloworld -l 0-1 -n 4
EAL: Detected 4 lcore(s)
EAL: Detected 1 NUMA nodes
EAL: Multi-process socket /var/run/dpdk/rte/mp_socket
EAL: Probing VFIO support...
hello from core 0
hello from core 1

二、例子2：Basic Forwarding/Skeleton Application

（1）编译完运行./build/basicfwd -l 1 -n 4
[root@localhost skeleton]# ./build/basicfwd -l 1 -n 4
EAL: Detected 4 lcore(s)
EAL: Detected 1 NUMA nodes
EAL: Multi-process socket /var/run/dpdk/rte/mp_socket
EAL: Probing VFIO support...
EAL: Error - exiting with code: 1
Cause: Error: number of ports must be even
缘由：dpdk没有绑定网卡。
看下服务器的网卡信息，只有一块网卡。
[root@localhost skeleton]# ifconfig
enp3s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 172.19.8.93 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 172.19.8.255
inet6 fe80::5246:5dff:fe5b:49be prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 50:46:5d:5b:49:be txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 765935 bytes 286280011 (273.0 MiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 3 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 128062 bytes 13559483 (12.9 MiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 22 bytes 1748 (1.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 22 bytes 1748 (1.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
下面咱们着手建立两块虚拟网卡，查看dpdk支持的网卡列表，发现也支持tap虚拟网卡。
https://core.dpdk.org/supported/
支持虚拟网卡须要内核版本在4.2以上，能够经过如下命令查询是否支持虚拟tap：
zcat /proc/config.gz | ( grep 'CLS_FLOWER=' || echo 'not supported' ) |
tee -a /dev/stderr | grep -q '=m' &&
lsmod | ( grep cls_flower || echo 'try modprobe cls_flower' )
因为咱们的系统内核不能升级，只能用virtualbox建立虚机时多加两块网卡。建立的虚机有三块网卡，下面把其中的两块绑定dpdk

（2）网卡绑定dpdk
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ./usertools/dpdk-devbind.py --bind=uio_pci_generic enp0s8
Error - no supported modules(DPDK driver) are loaded
缘由：uio驱动没有加载。回头看下，source usertools/dpdk-setup.sh,设置18时，报错了：## ERROR: Target does not have the DPDK UIO Kernel Module.To fix, please try to rebuild target.
解决方法：
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# modprobe uio
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# cd build/kmod/
[root@localhost kmod]# insmod igb_uio.ko
[root@localhost kmod]# lsmod | grep uio
再次运次
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ./usertools/dpdk-devbind.py --bind=uio_pci_generic enp0s8
Routing table indicates that interface 0000:00:08.0 is active. Not modifying
缘由：接口up没法绑定，先把指望绑定的接口down掉，再绑定。仍然报错。
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ifconfig enp0s8 down
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ./usertools/dpdk-devbind.py --bind=uio_pci_generic enp0s8
Error: bind failed for 0000:00:08.0 - Cannot open /sys/bus/pci/drivers/uio_pci_generic/bind
Error: unbind failed for 0000:00:08.0 - Cannot open /sys/bus/pci/drivers//unbind
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]#
加载驱动 uio_pci_generic，继续绑定，仍然报错。
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# modprobe uio_pci_generic
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# lsmod | grep uio_pci_generic
uio_pci_generic 12588 0
uio 19338 2 uio_pci_generic,igb_uio
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ./usertools/dpdk-devbind.py --bind=uio_pci_generic enp0s8
Unknown device: enp0s8. Please specify device in "bus:slot.func" format
查看一下网卡信息，发现enp0s8网卡不见了。查看一下状态，

用id好绑定：
[root@localhost dpdk-18.11]# ./usertools/dpdk-devbind.py --bind=uio_pci_generic 00:08.0
成功。

一样绑定第二块网卡。最终状态以下。

执行程序：

因为虚机和办公网络是通的，一下把办公网络搞挂了。抓包看全是ARP报文。

（3）下面对照例子代码，分析为何用这个IP发包。
答案：其实这个例子自己没有发生三层报文，只是简单的转发了网卡上收到的ARP广播报文，这个报文并非自身协议栈产生的。