JDBC的PreparedStatement语句使用记录

<<JDBC为何要使用PreparedStatement而不是Statement>> 列举了为何PreparedStatement要优于Statement,其中最主要的两点是更快的性能和防止SQL注入攻击。在文章的末尾提到了一个局限性:PreparedStatement不容许一个占位符(?)有多个值,并提出了如何在**IN**子句使用PreparedStatement的棘手问题。html

《JDBC PreparedStatement IN clause alternative approaches》 给出了四种方案:java

1. Execute Single Queriessql

2. Using Stored Procedureapp

3. Creating PreparedStatement Query dynamically性能

4. Using NULL in PreparedStatement Queryui

第三和第四方案看起来更合适些,第四种方案能够看做是第三种方案的扩展。spa

第三种使用下面代码构建SQL语句code

private static String createQuery(int length) {
        String query = "select empid, name from Employee where empid in (";
        StringBuilder queryBuilder = new StringBuilder(query);
        for( int i = 0; i< length; i++){
            queryBuilder.append(" ?");
            if(i != length -1) queryBuilder.append(",");
        }
        queryBuilder.append(")");
        return queryBuilder.toString();
    }

这种方式虽然可行,可是若是输入的参数个数发生变化,就不会get the PreparedStatement benefit of caching and reusing the execution plan。htm

因此就有了第四种方案:blog

public class JDBCPreparedStatementNULL {
 
    private static final String QUERY = "select empid, name from Employee where empid in ( ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)";
    private static final int PARAM_SIZE = 10;
    public static void printData(int[] ids){
         
        if(ids.length > PARAM_SIZE){
            System.out.println("Maximum input size supported is "+PARAM_SIZE);
            //in real life, we can write logic to execute in batches, for simplicity I am returning
            return;
        }
        Connection con = DBConnection.getConnection();
        PreparedStatement ps = null;
        ResultSet rs = null;
        try {
            ps = con.prepareStatement(QUERY);
             
            int i = 1;
            for(; i <=ids.length; i++){
                ps.setInt(i, ids[i-1]);
            }
             
            //set null for remaining ones
            for(; i<=PARAM_SIZE;i++){
                ps.setNull(i, java.sql.Types.INTEGER);
            }
             
            rs = ps.executeQuery();
                 
            while(rs.next()){
                System.out.println("Employee ID="+rs.getInt("empid")+", Name="+rs.getString("name"));
            }
                 
            //close the resultset here
            try{
                rs.close();
            } catch(SQLException e){}
             
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }finally{
            try {
                ps.close();
                con.close();
            } catch (SQLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
}

在第三种方案的基础上,咱们肯定最大参数个数,除了输入的参数外,剩余参数所有用setNull()置为空。这样又能够重用执行计划和预处理的cache。

 

More:PreparedStatement and Statement能够批量执行,参考《使用JDBC进行批处理》

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