上一篇文章(OkHttp 源码解析(二):创建链接)分析了 OkHttp 创建链接的过程,主要涉及到的几个类包括 StreamAllocation
、RealConnection
以及 HttpCodec
,其中 RealConnection
封装了底层的 Socket。Socket 创建了 TCP 链接,这是须要消耗时间和资源的,而 OkHttp 则使用链接池来管理这里链接,进行链接的重用,提升请求的效率。OkHttp 中的链接池由 ConnectionPool
实现,本文主要是对这个类进行分析。java
在 StreamAllocation
的 findConnection
方法中,有这样一段代码:segmentfault
// Attempt to get a connection from the pool. Internal.instance.get(connectionPool, address, this, null); if (connection != null) { return connection; }
Internal.instance.get
最终是从 ConnectionPool
取得一个RealConnection
, 若是有了则直接返回。下面是 ConnectionPool
中的代码:app
@Nullable RealConnection get(Address address, StreamAllocation streamAllocation, Route route) { assert (Thread.holdsLock(this)); for (RealConnection connection : connections) { if (connection.isEligible(address, route)) { streamAllocation.acquire(connection); return connection; } } return null; }
connections
是 ConnectionPool
中的一个队列:socket
private final Deque<RealConnection> connections = new ArrayDeque<>();
从队列中取出一个 Connection
以后,判断其是否能知足重用的要求:ide
public boolean isEligible(Address address, @Nullable Route route) { // If this connection is not accepting new streams, we're done. if (allocations.size() >= allocationLimit || noNewStreams) return false; // If the non-host fields of the address don't overlap, we're done. if (!Internal.instance.equalsNonHost(this.route.address(), address)) return false; // If the host exactly matches, we're done: this connection can carry the address. if (address.url().host().equals(this.route().address().url().host())) { return true; // This connection is a perfect match. } // 省略 http2 相关代码 ... } boolean equalsNonHost(Address that) { return this.dns.equals(that.dns) && this.proxyAuthenticator.equals(that.proxyAuthenticator) && this.protocols.equals(that.protocols) && this.connectionSpecs.equals(that.connectionSpecs) && this.proxySelector.equals(that.proxySelector) && equal(this.proxy, that.proxy) && equal(this.sslSocketFactory, that.sslSocketFactory) && equal(this.hostnameVerifier, that.hostnameVerifier) && equal(this.certificatePinner, that.certificatePinner) && this.url().port() == that.url().port(); }
若是这个 Connection
已经分配的数量超过了分配限制或者被标记为不能再分配,则直接返回 false
,不然调用 equalsNonHost
,主要是判断 Address
中除了 host
之外的变量是否相同,若是有不一样的,那么这个链接也不能重用。最后就是判断 host
是否相同,若是相同那么对于当前的 Address
来讲, 这个 Connection
即是可重用的。从上面的代码看来,get
逻辑仍是比较简单明了的。ui
接下来看一下 put
,在 StreamAllocation
的 findConnection
方法中,若是新建立了 Connection
,则将其放到链接池中。this
Internal.instance.put(connectionPool, result);
最终调用的是 ConnectionPool#put
:url
void put(RealConnection connection) { assert (Thread.holdsLock(this)); if (!cleanupRunning) { cleanupRunning = true; executor.execute(cleanupRunnable); } connections.add(connection); }
首先判断其否启动了清理线程,若是没有则将 cleanupRunnable
放到线程池中。最后是将 RealConnection
放到队列中。线程
线程池须要对闲置的或者超时的链接进行清理,CleanupRunnable
就是作这件事的:code
private final Runnable cleanupRunnable = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { while (true) { long waitNanos = cleanup(System.nanoTime()); if (waitNanos == -1) return; if (waitNanos > 0) { long waitMillis = waitNanos / 1000000L; waitNanos -= (waitMillis * 1000000L); synchronized (ConnectionPool.this) { try { ConnectionPool.this.wait(waitMillis, (int) waitNanos); } catch (InterruptedException ignored) { } } } } } };
run
里面有个无限循环,调用 cleanup
以后,获得一个时间 waitNano
,若是不为 -1 则表示线程的睡眠时间,接下来调用 wait
进入睡眠。若是是 -1,则表示当前没有须要清理的链接,直接返回便可。
清理的主要实如今 cleanup
方法中,下面是其代码:
long cleanup(long now) { int inUseConnectionCount = 0; int idleConnectionCount = 0; RealConnection longestIdleConnection = null; long longestIdleDurationNs = Long.MIN_VALUE; // Find either a connection to evict, or the time that the next eviction is due. synchronized (this) { for (Iterator<RealConnection> i = connections.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) { RealConnection connection = i.next(); // If the connection is in use, keep searching. // 1. 判断是不是空闲链接 if (pruneAndGetAllocationCount(connection, now) > 0) { inUseConnectionCount++; continue; } idleConnectionCount++; // If the connection is ready to be evicted, we're done. // 2. 判断是不是最长空闲时间的链接 long idleDurationNs = now - connection.idleAtNanos; if (idleDurationNs > longestIdleDurationNs) { longestIdleDurationNs = idleDurationNs; longestIdleConnection = connection; } } // 3. 若是最长空闲的时间超过了设定的最大值,或者空闲连接数量超过了最大数量,则进行清理,不然计算下一次须要清理的等待时间 if (longestIdleDurationNs >= this.keepAliveDurationNs || idleConnectionCount > this.maxIdleConnections) { // We've found a connection to evict. Remove it from the list, then close it below (outside // of the synchronized block). connections.remove(longestIdleConnection); } else if (idleConnectionCount > 0) { // A connection will be ready to evict soon. return keepAliveDurationNs - longestIdleDurationNs; } else if (inUseConnectionCount > 0) { // All connections are in use. It'll be at least the keep alive duration 'til we run again. return keepAliveDurationNs; } else { // No connections, idle or in use. cleanupRunning = false; return -1; } } // 3. 关闭链接的socket closeQuietly(longestIdleConnection.socket()); // Cleanup again immediately. return 0; }
清理的逻辑大体是如下几步:
pruneAndGetAllocationCount
判断其是否闲置的链接。若是是正在使用中,则直接遍历一下个。cleanupRunnable
中的循环变会睡眠相应的时间,醒来后继续清理。pruneAndGetAllocationCount
用于清理可能泄露的 StreamAllocation
并返回正在使用此链接的 StreamAllocation
的数量,代码以下:
private int pruneAndGetAllocationCount(RealConnection connection, long now) { List<Reference<StreamAllocation>> references = connection.allocations; for (int i = 0; i < references.size(); ) { Reference<StreamAllocation> reference = references.get(i); if (reference.get() != null) { i++; continue; } // We've discovered a leaked allocation. This is an application bug. // 若是 StreamAlloction 引用被回收,可是 connection 的引用列表中扔持有,那么可能发生了内存泄露 StreamAllocation.StreamAllocationReference streamAllocRef = (StreamAllocation.StreamAllocationReference) reference; String message = "A connection to " + connection.route().address().url() + " was leaked. Did you forget to close a response body?"; Platform.get().logCloseableLeak(message, streamAllocRef.callStackTrace); references.remove(i); connection.noNewStreams = true; // If this was the last allocation, the connection is eligible for immediate eviction. if (references.isEmpty()) { connection.idleAtNanos = now - keepAliveDurationNs; return 0; } } return references.size(); }
若是 StreamAllocation
已经被回收,说明应用层的代码已经不须要这个链接,可是 Connection
仍持有 StreamAllocation
的引用,则表示StreamAllocation
中 release(RealConnection connection)
方法未被调用,多是读取 ResponseBody
没有关闭 I/O 致使的。
OkHttp 中的链接池主要就是保存一个正在使用的链接的队列,对于知足条件的同一个 host 的多个链接复用同一个 RealConnection
,提升请求效率。此外,还会启动线程对闲置超时或者超出闲置数量的 RealConnection
进行清理。
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