容器技术 -- 2

接着我上一篇文章，此篇文章是为女友吐血整理

镜像管理

commit 打包镜像php

docker commit 容器id 新镜像名称:标签html

[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -it centos:latest
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# rm -f /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.myhuaweicloud.com/repo/CentOS-Base-7.repo
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# yum install -y net-tools vim-enhanced tree bash-completion iproute psmisc && yum clean all
[root@02fd1719c038 ~]# exit
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker commit 02fd1719c038 myos:latest

Dockerfile打包镜像前端

Dockerfile语法node

语法指令	语法说明
FROM	基础镜像
RUN	制做镜像时执行的命令，能够有多个
ADD	复制文件到镜像，自动解压
COPY	复制文件到镜像，不解压
EXPOSE	声明开放的端口
ENV	设置容器启动后的环境变量
WORKDIR	定义容器默认工做目录（等于cd）
CMD	容器启动时执行的命令，仅能够有一条CMD

使用Dockerfile建立镜像nginx

docker build -t 镜像名称:标签 Dockerfile所在目录web

制做apache镜像docker

CMD 指令能够查看 service 文件的启动命令 ExecStart（/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service）apache

ENV 环境变量查询服务文件中的环境变量配置文件 EnvironmentFile 指定的文件内容json

[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir web; cd web
[root@node-0001 web]# vim Dockerfile
FROM myos:latest
RUN  yum install -y httpd php
ENV  LANG=C
ADD  webhome.tar.gz  /var/www/html/
WORKDIR /var/www/html/
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["/usr/sbin/httpd", "-DFOREGROUND"]
# 拷贝 webhome.tar.gz 到当前目录中
[root@node-0001 web]# docker build -t myos:httpd .

查看与验证镜像vim

[root@node-0001 web]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
myos                httpd               db15034569da        12 seconds ago      412MB
myos                latest              867409e412c8        2 hours ago         281MB
[root@node-0001 web]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
[root@node-0001 web]# docker run -itd myos:httpd
[root@node-0001 web]# curl http://172.17.0.2/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
    [REMOTE_ADDR] => 172.17.0.1
    [REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
    [HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
    [REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: 	6c9e124bee1a
1229

制做php-fpm镜像

[root@node-0001 ~]# yum install -y php-fpm
[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir php; cd php
[root@node-0001 php]# cp /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf ./
12:  listen = 0.0.0.0:9000
24:  ;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1

[root@node-0001 php]# vim Dockerfile
FROM myos:latest
RUN  yum install -y php-fpm
COPY www.conf /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
EXPOSE 9000
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx/html
COPY info.php info.php
CMD ["/usr/sbin/php-fpm", "--nodaemonize"]
[root@node-0001 php]# docker build -t myos:php-fpm .

制做nginx镜像

[root@node-0001 ~]# yum install -y gcc make pcre-devel openssl-devel
[root@node-0001 ~]# useradd nginx
[root@node-0001 ~]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz
[root@node-0001 ~]# cd nginx-1.12.2
[root@node-0001 nginx-1.12.2]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module
[root@node-0001 nginx-1.12.2]# make && make install
[root@node-0001 nginx-1.12.2]# cd /usr/local/

[root@node-0001 local]# tar czf nginx.tar.gz nginx
[root@node-0001 local]# mkdir /root/nginx ;cd /root/nginx
[root@node-0001 nginx]# cp /usr/local/nginx.tar.gz ./
[root@node-0001 nginx]# vim Dockerfile 
FROM myos:latest
RUN  yum install -y pcre openssl && useradd nginx
ADD  nginx.tar.gz /usr/local/
EXPOSE 80
WORKDIR /usr/local/nginx/html
CMD  ["/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx", "-g", "daemon off;"]
[root@node-0001 nginx]# docker build -t myos:nginx .

发布容器服务

对外发布服务

给他 node-0001 绑定一个公网IP

docker run -itd -p 宿主机端口:容器端口镜像名称:标签

# 把 node-0001 变成 apache 服务
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 myos:httpd

# 把 node-0001 变成 nginx 服务，首先必须中止 apache
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker stop $(docker ps -q)
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 myos:nginx

验证方式：经过浏览器访问便可

容器共享卷

docker run -itd -v 宿主机对象:容器内对象镜像名称:标签

使用共享卷动态修改容器内配置文件

[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd --name myphp myos:php-fpm
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker inspect myphp
[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir /var/webconf
[root@node-0001 ~]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /var/webconf/
[root@node-0001 ~]# vim /var/webconf/nginx.conf
... ...
    fastcgi_pass   172.17.0.xx:9000;
... ...
# 映射配置文件，并启动容器
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -itd -p 80:80 \
     -v /var/webconf/nginx.conf:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf myos:nginx

验证方式：经过浏览器访问便可

容器间网络通讯

实验架构图例

graph LR
  subgraph node-0001
    style node-0001 color:#00ff00,fill:#7777ff
      subgraph 容器1
      style 容器1 color:#00ff00,fill:#88aaff
        APP1(Nginx)
        NET1{
  
  {共享网络}}
      end
      subgraph 容器2
      style 容器2 color:#00ff00,fill:#88aaff
        APP2(PHP)
      end
    APP1 --> NET1
    APP2 --> NET1
  L((共享存储卷))
  APP1 -.-> L
  APP2 -.-> L
  end
U((用户)) --> APP1

实验步骤

[root@node-0001 ~]# mkdir -p /var/{webroot,webconf}
[root@node-0001 ~]# cd kubernetes/docker-images
[root@node-0001 ~]# cp info.php info.html /var/webroot/
[root@node-0001 ~]# cp /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /var/webconf/
[root@node-0001 ~]# vim /var/webconf/nginx.conf
        location ~ \.php$ {
            root           html;
            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_index  index.php;
            include        fastcgi.conf;
        }
# 启动前端 nginx 服务，并映射共享目录和配置文件
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd --name nginx -p 80:80 \
      -v /var/webconf/nginx.conf:/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf \
      -v /var/webroot:/usr/local/nginx/html myos:nginx
# 启动后端 php 服务，并映射共享目录
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker run -itd --network=container:nginx \
      -v /var/webroot:/usr/local/nginx/html myos:php-fpm

# 验证服务
[root@node-0001 ~]# curl http://node-0001/info.html
<html>
  <marquee  behavior="alternate">
      <font size="12px" color=#00ff00>Hello World</font>
  </marquee>
</html>
[root@node-0001 ~]# curl http://node-0001/info.php
<pre>
Array
(
    [REMOTE_ADDR] => 172.17.0.1
    [REQUEST_METHOD] => GET
    [HTTP_USER_AGENT] => curl/7.29.0
    [REQUEST_URI] => /info.php
)
php_host: 	f705f89b45f9
1229

docker私有仓库

docker私有仓库图例

graph TB
  H1(容器服务器<br>node-0001)
  H2(容器服务器<br>node-0002)
  I{
  
  {镜像仓库}}
  style I fill:#77ff77
  H1 --> I
  H2 --> I

私有仓库配置

主机名	ip地址	最低配置
registry	192.168.1.100	1CPU,1G内存

[root@registry ~]# yum install -y docker-distribution
[root@registry ~]# systemctl enable --now docker-distribution
[root@registry ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":[]}

docker客户端配置

全部node节点都须要配置，这里 node-0001，node-0002都要配置

native.cgroupdriver cgroup驱动，docker默认 cgroupfs

registry-mirrors 默认下载仓库，使用国内源能快一点

insecure-registries 私有仓库地址（重点）

[root@node-0001 ~]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
    "exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
    "registry-mirrors": ["https://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
    "insecure-registries":["192.168.1.100:5000", "registry:5000"]
}
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker rm -f $(docker ps -aq)
[root@node-0001 ~]# systemctl restart docker

上传镜像

# 上传 myos:latest, myos:httpd, myos:nginx, myos:php-fpm
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker tag myos:latest 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
[root@node-0001 ~]# docker push 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest

验证测试

curl http://仓库IP:5000/v2/_catalog

curl http://仓库IP:5000/v2/镜像名称/tags/list

[root@node-0002 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/_catalog
{"repositories":["myos"]}
[root@node-0002 ~]# curl http://192.168.1.100:5000/v2/myos/tags/list
{"name":"myos","tags":["latest"]}
# 使用远程镜像启动容器
[root@node-0002 ~]# docker run -it 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
Unable to find image '192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from myos
7dc0dca2b151: Pull complete 
95c297b4d705: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:d61ffc053895e2dc16f63b8a2988dfe5f34207b48b1e74d397bb3267650ba4ce
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.1.100:5000/myos:latest
[root@674ebe359e44 /]#

docker基础部署入门，微服务必备技术，月薪上万不是梦

容器技术 -- 2

接着我上一篇文章，此篇文章是为女友吐血整理

镜像管理