一种规范,并不是ORM框架,也就是ORM上统一的规范java
用了以后能够作什么,为何要用?以下代码解释
实体类git
package com.example.springredis.entity; import lombok.Data; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; import java.io.Serializable; @Entity @Data public class User implements Serializable { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private String name; private String account; private String pwd; }
dao层github
@Repository public interface UserDao extends JpaRepository<User, Long> { }
测试类web
@Autowired private UserDao userDao; public void findAllTest() { System.out.println(userDao.findAll().toString()); }
上面的操做已经完成了一个查询所有,相信不用在作多余的解释了redis
JPA优势:主要就是简单易用,集成方便,能够不用写SQL语句spring
这里使用的是Maven,下载以后请在IDEA导入项目sql
国外依赖下载慢,更换阿里源
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.3.0.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>springboot-jpa</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>springboot-jpa</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.h2database</groupId> <artifactId>h2</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId> <artifactId>lombok</artifactId> <optional>true</optional> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> <repositories> <!--阿里云主仓库,代理了maven central和jcenter仓库--> <repository> <id>aliyun</id> <name>aliyun</name> <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/public</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> <!--阿里云代理Spring 官方仓库--> <repository> <id>spring-milestones</id> <name>Spring Milestones</name> <url>https://maven.aliyun.com/repository/spring</url> <releases> <enabled>true</enabled> </releases> <snapshots> <enabled>false</enabled> </snapshots> </repository> </repositories> </project>
package com.example.demo.model; import lombok.AllArgsConstructor; import lombok.Data; import lombok.NoArgsConstructor; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.GenerationType; import javax.persistence.Id; @Data @NoArgsConstructor @AllArgsConstructor @Entity(name = "sys_user") public class SysUser { @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; private String email; private String username; private String password; public SysUser(String email, String username, String password) { this.email = email; this.username = username; this.password = password; } }
**SysUser**
类, @NoArgsConstructor
默认构造函数仅为JPA而存在。@Entity
注解,表示这个是一个 JPA 的实体,若是在类上没有加 @Table
注解,代表该实体将映射到名为 sys_user
的表,若是要加上,能够在其 name 属性里写入表名,如: @Table(name = "t_user")
id
属性使用 @Id
注释,以便JPA将其识别为对象的ID.这里很简单,直接继承核心接口 JpaRepository
package com.example.demo.repository; import com.example.demo.model.SysUser; import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository; import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; @Repository public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<SysUser, Long> { }
修改application.properties 为 application.yml数据库
src/main/resources/application.ymlapache
spring: datasource: driverClassName: org.h2.Driver password: root url: jdbc:h2:mem:demodb:file:data/demo username: root jpa: open-in-view: true database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.H2Dialect # spring.jpa.show-sql=true 配置在日志中打印出执行的 SQL 语句信息。 show-sql: true # 配置指明在程序启动的时候要删除而且建立实体类对应的表。 # create 这个参数很危险,由于他会把对应的表删除掉而后重建。因此千万不要在生成环境中使用。只有在测试环境中,一开始初始化数据库结构的时候才能使用一次。 # ddl-auto:create----每次运行该程序,没有表格会新建表格,表内有数据会清空 # ddl-auto:create-drop----每次程序结束的时候会清空表 # ddl-auto:update----每次运行程序,没有表格会新建表格,表内有数据不会清空,只会更新(推荐) # ddl-auto:validate----运行程序会校验数据与数据库的字段类型是否相同,不一样会报错 hibernate.ddl-auto: update
在resources 文件夹下新建 data.sql
data.sql json
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS sys_user; CREATE TABLE sys_user ( id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, email VARCHAR(250) DEFAULT NULL, username VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL, password VARCHAR(250) NOT NULL );
package com.example.demo; import com.example.demo.model.SysUser; import com.example.demo.repository.UserRepository; import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; @Slf4j @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) @SpringBootTest public class SpringbootJpaApplicationTests { @Autowired private UserRepository userRepository; @Before public void add() { userRepository.save(new SysUser("123@qq.com", "root", "root")); } @Test public void contextLoads() { System.out.println(userRepository.findAll().toString()); } //修改操做 @After public void update() { // ifPresent 若是存在值,则使用值调用指定的使用者,不然不执行任何操做。 userRepository.findById(1L).ifPresent(user -> { user.setUsername("马华云腾"); userRepository.save(user); System.out.println(user.toString()); }); } //删除 @After public void del() { userRepository.findById(2L).ifPresent(user -> userRepository.delete(user)); } }
若是出现下列等错误:
Error:(41, 13) java: 找不到符号 符号: 方法 setName(java.lang.String) 位置: 类型为com.example.springbootjpademo.entity.User的变量 user
请注意下面的设置是否正确:
### 新增1 POST http://localhost:8080/user/add Content-Type: application/json { "email": "eyck@aws.com", "username": "root", "password": "root" } ### 新增2 POST http://localhost:8080/user/add Content-Type: application/json { "email": "ekko@aws.com", "username": "ekko", "password": "ekko" } ### 修改 PUT http://localhost:8080/user/update Content-Type: application/json { "id": 1, "email": "eyck@aws.com", "username": "root", "password": "root" } ### 获取全部 GET http://localhost:8080/user/all Accept: */* Cache-Control: no-cache ### 删除 PUT http://localhost:8080/user/del/2 ### 获取全部 GET http://localhost:8080/user/all Accept: */* Cache-Control: no-cache
左上角 Run all ...
测试结果....
https://github.com/Gleans/spring-boot/tree/master/springboot-jpa