实例代码:http://git.oschina.net/null_584_3382/spring-cloud-examplegit
spring boot结合docker技术,能够构建微服务。特别是spring cloud的出现,为咱们解决了分布式开发经常使用遇到的问题。等配置管理,服务发现,断路器,代理服务,负载均衡等spring
Spring Cloud提供了Config Server的解决方案,支持git和本地文件存放配置文件。使用@EnableConfigServer来启动配置服务docker
Spring Cloud 经过Netfix OSS的Eureka来实现服务发现。Eureka Server提供服务注册bootstrap
其中服务端使用@EnableEurejaServer注解,客户端使用@EnbaleEurekaClientapi
Spring经过Zuul开实现,支持自动路由到在Eureka上注册的俯卧,是同@EnbaleZuulProxy来启动路由代理app
Spring Cloud提供了Ribbon和Feign做为客户端的负载均衡。使用起来都很方便,负载均衡
断路器是为了解决某个方法调用失败的时候,调用后备方法来替代失败的方法。Spring Cloud使用@EnableCircuitBreaker来启动断路器支持。dom
parent pom文件分布式
<modules> <module>discovery</module> <module>config</module> <module>service</module> <module>gateway</module> </modules> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Camden.SR2</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement>
依赖:ide
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
主要代码,就一个boot启动类,加上@EnableEurekaServer注解
@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaServer public class DiscoveryApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DiscoveryApplication.class,args); } }
配置文件:因为是单机环境,所以不须要注册本身(若是是集群服务就须要注册本身和集群其余发现服务)
eureka: client: register-with-eureka: false fetch-registry: false
依赖:
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-config-server</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies>
代码:@EnableConfigServer声明是一个配置管理服务,因为使用本地文件保存配置信息,须要在Erueka上注册,所以须要@EnableEurekaClient
@SpringBootApplication @EnableConfigServer @EnableEurekaClient public class ConfigApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConfigApplication.class, args); } }
配置:
bootstrap.yml:
spring: application: name: config profiles: active: native #1 eureka: instance: non-secure-port: ${server.port:19882} metadata-map: instanceId: ${spring.application.name}:${random.value} #2 client: service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.host:localhost}:${eureka.port:19881}/eureka/ #3
#1 配置文件存在本地文件
#2 实例名字
#3 eureka地址
application.yml
spring: cloud: config: server: native: search-locations: classpath:/config #1 server: port: 19882
#1 配置文件存放的位置为 classpath:/config下
文件存储的规则为
computer.yml 表示 application的名字为computer 的服务(没有profile)
在computer.yml里面写入
my: name: lizo
写一个简单的rest服务模块,
启动类:
@SpringBootApplication @EnableEurekaClient public class ComputerApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ComputerApplication.class, args); } }
controller:提供一个加法运算和一个获取配置服务的rest api
@RestController public class ComputerController { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); @Value("${my.name}") private String name; @RequestMapping("/add") public int add(@RequestParam("a") int a, @RequestParam("b") int b) { return a + b; } @RequestMapping("/name") public String name() { logger.info("########### call me!!!!!!"); return name; } }
bootstrap.yml
spring: application: name: computer cloud: config: enabled: true discovery: enabled: true service-id: CONFIG #1 eureka: instance: non-secure-port: ${server.port:19883} client: service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.host:localhost}:${eureka.port:19881}/eureka/
#1 从注册的服务中获取配置信息,配置服务注册的名字为CONFIG
Controller:对外暴力的方法
@RestController public class GatewayController { @Autowired ComputerFeignService computerFeignService; @RequestMapping("/getadd") public int getadd(@RequestParam("a") int a,@RequestParam("b") int b){ return computerFeignService.add(a,b); } @RequestMapping("/getName") public String getName(){ return computerFeignService.name(); } }
server:这里使用feign做为例子演示,
@FeignClient(value = "computer",fallback = ComputeClientHystrix.class) public interface ComputerFeignService { @RequestMapping(value = "/add",method = RequestMethod.POST) int add(@RequestParam("a") Integer a, @RequestParam("b") Integer b); @RequestMapping(value = "/name",method = RequestMethod.POST) String name(); }
value="computer"表示提供服务的application为computer,fallback是熔断器处理
@Component public class ComputeClientHystrix implements ComputerFeignService{ @Override public int add(@RequestParam("a") Integer a, @RequestParam("b") Integer b) { return -111919; } @Override public String name() { return "exception"; } }
bootstrap:仍是常规的
spring: application: name: gateway eureka: instance: non-secure-port: ${server.port:80} client: service-url: defaultZone: http://${eureka.host:localhost}:${eureka.port:19881}/eureka/
依次启动发现服务和配置服务,其余的不分顺序
输入 http://localhost:19881/
发现其余服务都注册成功了
输入 http://localhost/getName
输出 lizo 发现成功读取了配置文件中的内容
关掉computer服务 而后再访问http://localhost/getName
输出exception 说明熔断器是发挥了做用的
若是启动2个computer服务,而后屡次调用http://localhost/getName,发现确实每次回调用其中一个,打日志"########### call me!!!!!!" 说明负载均衡也是作了的
实例代码:http://git.oschina.net/null_584_3382/spring-cloud-example