JAVA并发之多线程基础(4)

继上篇文章JAVA并发之多线程基础(3)谈到的信号量以及读写锁以外,接下来就继续谈及JDK中并发类的操做。java

CountDownLatch

倒计时器是在某一些程序须要前置处理的时候完美搭档。例如咱们常常玩的手游端,在游戏开始以前,它会去调用其余的组件,例如画面环境、人物图像、武器装备等,等加载完成以后再进入到主界面中进行游戏。多线程

  1. countDown()方法是每一个线程完成以后减1,表明一个线程已经到达了终点线。咱们能够点击进去看到里面调用的方法:
public final boolean releaseShared(int arg) {
        if (tryReleaseShared(arg)) {//试图将一个线程设置共享模式
            doReleaseShared();//共享模式下的释放操做
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
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  1. await()是每一个线程要到达的终点线,先执行完成的线程需在此等待未完成任务的线程。直至当前的countDown数量到0。
public final void acquireSharedInterruptibly(int arg) throws InterruptedException {
        if (Thread.interrupted())//判断线程是不是中断
            throw new InterruptedException();
        if (tryAcquireShared(arg) < 0)//尝试在共享模式下获取
            doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(arg);//在共享可中断模式下获取。
    }
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demo:并发

package com.montos.lock;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

public class CountDownLatchDemo implements Runnable {
	static final CountDownLatchDemo demo = new CountDownLatchDemo();
	static final CountDownLatch latch = new CountDownLatch(10);

	@Override
	public void run() {
		try {
			Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(10) * 1000);
			System.out.println("checking....");
			latch.countDown();
		} catch (InterruptedException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
		ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
		for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
			exec.submit(demo);
		}
		latch.await();
		System.out.println("prepare is end");
		exec.shutdown();
	}
}
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CyclicBarrier

栅栏是指每个线程在某一处等待集合,而后接下来继续执行又到了某一处进行集合等待。能够说是上面CountDownLatch的加强版。dom

package com.montos.lock;

import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.BrokenBarrierException;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;

public class CyclicBarrierDemo {

	public static class Soldier implements Runnable {

		private String name;
		private final CyclicBarrier cycli;

		public Soldier(String name, CyclicBarrier cycli) {
			super();
			this.name = name;
			this.cycli = cycli;
		}

		@Override
		public void run() {
			try {
				cycli.await();//十个线程一块儿等待集合
				doSometing();
				cycli.await();//十个线程一块儿等待事情处理完毕
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			} catch (BrokenBarrierException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		private void doSometing() {
			try {
				Thread.sleep(new Random().nextInt(5) * 1000);
			} catch (InterruptedException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			System.out.println(name + "任务完成");
		}
	}
	public static class BarrierRun implements Runnable {
		boolean flag;
		int N;

		public BarrierRun(boolean flag, int n) {
			super();
			this.flag = flag;
			N = n;
		}
		@Override
		public void run() {
			if (flag) {
				System.out.println("士兵" + N + "任务完成");
			} else {
				System.out.println("士兵" + N + "集合完毕");
				flag = true;
			}

		}
		public static void main(String[] args) {
			final int N = 10;
			Thread[] allSoldier = new Thread[10];
			boolean flag = false;
			//N个线程到达以后,须要处理什么事情(这里是一块儿到达以后,处理BarrierRun事件)
			CyclicBarrier cycli = new CyclicBarrier(N, new BarrierRun(flag, N));
			System.out.println("集合队伍");
			for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
				System.out.println("士兵" + i + "报道!");
				allSoldier[i] = new Thread(new Soldier("士" + i, cycli));
				allSoldier[i].start();
			}
		}
	}
}
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经过上面一个小的demo,能够看到CyclicBarrier的用法。其中主要的就是await()方法。寻找到里面去。主要的逻辑就是:ide

for (;;) {
                try {
                    if (!timed)
                         trip.await();//调用重入锁中的condition进行当前线程等待
                    else if (nanos > 0L)
                        nanos = trip.awaitNanos(nanos);//时间限制等待
                } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
                    if (g == generation && ! g.broken) {
                      breakBarrier();//将当前的屏障一代设置为断开并唤醒全部人
                      throw ie;
                    } else {
                        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();//当前线程中断
                    }
                }
                if (g.broken)
                    throw new BrokenBarrierException();
                if (g != generation)
                    return index;
                if (timed && nanos <= 0L) {
                    breakBarrier();
                    throw new TimeoutException();
                }
            }
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这上面就是对对应方法中的一个讲解。里面也用到了重入锁。经过上面的demo也知道CyclicBarrierCountDownLatch用法,总的来讲对于一些须要作以前准备的程序来讲,他们是最佳的选择。post

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