Python模块-time模块

time 经常使用模块

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time.time

记录当前时间戳

示例：记录运行代码的时间

start_time = time.time
[期间运行了不少不少代码]
end_time = time.time
print("代码运行了",start_time - end_time)

time.sleep()

代码延迟运行

示例：代码延迟5秒再运行

time.sleep(5)

time.localtime()

默认值至关于 time.localtime(time.time)

结构化当地时间

print(time.localtime())

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=20, tm_min=18, tm_sec=31, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=0)

示例：分别取当前的年月日

print(time.localtime().tm_year)
print(time.localtime().tm_mon)
print(time.localtime().tm_mday)

时间戳转变为结构化时间

print(time.localtime(1522153892.0))

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=20, tm_min=31, tm_sec=32, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=0)

time.gmtime()

UTC世界标准时间

print(time.gmtime())

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=12, tm_min=23, tm_sec=25, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=0)

time.mktime()

结构化时间转换为时间戳

print(time.mktime(time.localtime()))

1522153892.0

time.ctime()

以秒为单位的时间转换为表示本地时间的字符串

print(time.ctime())

Tue Mar 27 20:53:06 2018

time.asctime()

结构化时间固定的转换为系统默认格式

print(time.asctime())

Tue Mar 27 20:53:06 2018

time.strptime()

字符串时间转换为结构化时间

print(time.strptime("2018-03-27-20:43:28","%Y-%m-%d-%X"))

time.struct_time(tm_year=2018, tm_mon=3, tm_mday=27, tm_hour=20, tm_min=43, tm_sec=28, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=86, tm_isdst=-1)

time.strftime()

结构化时间转换为字符串时间

print(time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %X",time.localtime()))

2018-03-27 20:42:58

datetime模块

打印当前时间

import datetime
print(datetime.datetime.now())

2018-03-27 21:10:11.775249

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time经常使用模块示例

#coding=utf-8
 
import datetime
from datetime import timedelta
 
now = datetime.datetime.now()
 
#今天
today = now
 
#昨天
yesterday = now - timedelta(days=1)
 
#明天
tomorrow = now + timedelta(days=1)

#当前季度
now_quarter = now.month / 3 if now.month % 3 == 0 else now.month / 3 + 1

#本周第一天和最后一天
this_week_start = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday())
this_week_end = now + timedelta(days=6-now.weekday())
 
#上周第一天和最后一天
last_week_start = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday()+7)
last_week_end = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday()+1)
 
#本月第一天和最后一天
this_month_start = datetime.datetime(now.year, now.month, 1)
this_month_end = datetime.datetime(now.year, now.month + 1, 1) - timedelta(days=1)
 
#上月第一天和最后一天
last_month_end = this_month_start - timedelta(days=1)
last_month_start = datetime.datetime(last_month_end.year, last_month_end.month, 1)
 
#本季第一天和最后一天
month = (now.month - 1) - (now.month - 1) % 3 + 1
this_quarter_start = datetime.datetime(now.year, month, 1)
this_quarter_end = datetime.datetime(now.year, month + 3, 1) - timedelta(days=1)
 
#上季第一天和最后一天
last_quarter_end = this_quarter_start - timedelta(days=1)
last_quarter_start = datetime.datetime(last_quarter_end.year, last_quarter_end.month - 2, 1)
 
#本年第一天和最后一天
this_year_start = datetime.datetime(now.year, 1, 1)
this_year_end = datetime.datetime(now.year + 1, 1, 1) - timedelta(days=1)
 
#去年第一天和最后一天
last_year_end = this_year_start - timedelta(days=1)
last_year_start = datetime.datetime(last_year_end.year, 1, 1)

获取本周：周一和周日的日期

import datetime
from datetime import timedelta

now = datetime.datetime.now()

log_week_start = now - timedelta(days=now.weekday())
log_week_end = now + timedelta(days=6-now.weekday())
short_week_start=(now - timedelta(days=now.weekday())).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
short_week_end=(now + timedelta(days=6-now.weekday())).strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

print("本周一的长时间：",log_week_start)
print("本周日的长时间：",log_week_start)
print("本周一的短期：",short_week_start)
print("本周日的短期：",short_week_end)