线程是进程中某个单一顺序的控制流，是程序运行中的调度单位，是程序执行流的最小单位，一个标准的线程由线程ID，当前指令指针(PC），寄存器集合和堆栈组成。 线程本身不拥有系统资源，只拥有一点儿在运行中必不可少的资源，但它可与同属一个进程的其它线程共享进程所拥有的所有资源。 线程也有就绪、阻塞和运行三种基本状态。每个程序都至少有一个线程，若程序只有一个线程，那就是程序进程自己。多线程
1 class Fish 2 { 3 public string Name { get; set; } 4 5 public Fish() 6 { 7 Name = "小黄鱼" ; 8 } 9 10 public void Move() 11 { 12 Console.WriteLine(string .Format("{0}在游来游去......", Name)); 13 } 14 } 15 16 class Program 17 { 18 static void Main(string[] args) 19 { 20 Fish fish = new Fish(); 21 Thread t1 = new Thread(() => 22 { 23 fish.Move(); 24 }); 25 t1.IsBackground = true; 26 t1.Start(); 27 28 Fish fish2 = new Fish() { Name = "大鲨鱼" }; 29 Thread t2 = new Thread(() => 30 { 31 fish2.Move(); 32 }); 33 t2.IsBackground = true; 34 t2.Start(); 35 36 Console.ReadKey(); 37 } 38 }
1 static void Main(string[] args) 2 { 3 Fish fish = new Fish(); 4 Fish fish2 = new Fish() { Name = "大鲨鱼" }; 5 Fish fish3 = new Fish() { Name = "灯笼鱼" }; 6 Fish fish4 = new Fish() { Name = "红鲤鱼" }; 7 Fish fish100 = new Fish() { Name = "灯笼鱼" }; 8 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(f => { fish.Move(); }); 9 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(f => { fish2.Move(); }); 10 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(f => { fish3.Move(); }); 11 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(f => { fish4.Move(); }); 12 ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(f => { fish100.Move(); }); 13 Console.ReadKey(); 14 }
运行后屏幕以下：并发
1 class Program 2 { 3 static void Main(string[] args) 4 { 5 //用来取消小黄鱼线程 6 CancellationTokenSource cts = new CancellationTokenSource (); 7 8 Fish fish = new Fish(); 9 Fish fish2 = new Fish() { Name = "大鲨鱼" , Score =100 }; 10 11 Task t1 = new Task(() => fish.Move(cts.Token), cts.Token); 12 t1.Start(); 13 //小黄鱼被击中后显示积分 14 t1.ContinueWith(fish.ShowScore); 15 16 Task t2 = new Task(() =>fish2.Move(cts.Token), cts.Token); 17 t2.Start(); 18 //大鲨鱼鱼被击中后显示积分 19 t2.ContinueWith(fish2.ShowScore); 20 21 //按任意键发射 22 Console.ReadKey(); 23 24 //武器工厂线程池，执行一组任务 25 Gun gun = new Gun(); 26 LaserGun laserGun = new LaserGun(); 27 TaskFactory taskfactory = new TaskFactory(); 28 Task[] tasks = new Task[] 29 { 30 taskfactory.StartNew(()=>gun.Fire()), 31 taskfactory.StartNew(()=>laserGun.Fire()) 32 }; 33 //执行武器们开火 34 taskfactory.ContinueWhenAll(tasks, (Task) => { }); 35 36 //鱼儿们被击中了就会去调显示积分的方法 37 cts.Cancel(); 38 Console.ReadLine(); 39 } 40 } 41 42 class Fish 43 { 44 public string Name { get; set; } 45 public int Score { get; set; } 46 47 public Fish() 48 { 49 Name = "小黄鱼" ; 50 Score = 1; 51 } 52 53 /// <summary> 54 /// 游动 55 /// </summary> 56 public void Move(CancellationToken ct) 57 { 58 //若是没有被击中，就一直游阿游，用IsCancellationRequested判断 59 while (!ct.IsCancellationRequested) 60 { 61 Console.WriteLine(string .Format("{0}在游来游去......", Name)); 62 Thread.Sleep(1000); 63 } 64 } 65 66 //中枪死亡后显示奖励 67 public void ShowScore(Task task) 68 { 69 Console.WriteLine(string .Format("{0}中弹了，您获得{1}分......" , Name, Score)); 70 } 71 } 72 73 abstract class Weapon 74 { 75 public string Name { get; set; } 76 public abstract void Fire(); 77 } 78 79 class Gun : Weapon 80 { 81 public Gun() 82 : base() 83 { 84 Name = "双射枪" ; 85 } 86 public override void Fire() 87 { 88 Console.WriteLine(string .Format("咻咻咻，{0}向鱼儿们发射子弹......" , Name)); 89 } 90 } 91 92 class LaserGun : Weapon 93 { 94 public LaserGun() 95 : base() 96 { 97 Name = "激光炮" ; 98 } 99 public override void Fire() 100 { 101 Console.WriteLine(string .Format("嗖嗖嗖，{0}向鱼儿们发射炮弹......" , Name)); 102 } 103 }