1、简介git
在Springcloud中用zuul来实现网关功能,客户端的请求首先通过负载均衡Ngnix,再到达服务网关(zuul集群),而后再到具体的服务。Zuul的主要功能是路由转发和过滤器。路由功能是微服务的一部分,好比/api/server1转发到到server1服务。zuul默认和Ribbon结合实现了负载均衡的功能。愿意了解源码的朋友直接求求交流分享技术:二一四七七七五六三三 github
2、搭建web
首先是POM文件 spring
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-zuul</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
而后在applicaton类加上注解@EnableZuulProxy,开启zuul的功能 api
@SpringBootApplication @EnableZuulProxy @EnableEurekaClient @RefreshScope public class HfzZuulApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(HfzZuulApplication.class, args); } }
yml配置以下 安全
eureka: client: serviceUrl: defaultZone: http://name:pass@IP/eureka/ instance: ip-address: Ip地址 prefer-ip-address: true server: port: 8769 spring: application: name: service-zuul sleuth: sampler: percentage: 1.0 cloud: config: discovery: enabled: true service-id: CONFIG-SERVER label: master profile: dev name: hfz-zuul username: name password: pass
以上是在项目中配置的,为了使项目更加灵活,因此将路由的配置放在github上,这样能够动态读取 架构
zuul: routes: api-a: path: /api-a/** serviceId: service-ribbon api-b: path: /api-b/** serviceId: service-feign
以/api-a/ 开头的请求都转发给service-ribbon服务;以/api-b/开头的请求都转发给service-feign服务; app
3、服务过滤负载均衡
zuul不只能够路由,而且还能经过过滤来拦截一些服务,能够用来作安全验证。 ide
public class MyFilter extends ZuulFilter{ private static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyFilter.class); @Override public String filterType() { return "pre"; } @Override public int filterOrder() { return 0; } @Override public boolean shouldFilter() { return true; } @Override public Object run() { RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); HttpServletRequest request = ctx.getRequest(); log.info(String.format("%s >>> %s", request.getMethod(), request.getRequestURL().toString())); Object accessToken = request.getParameter("token"); if(accessToken == null) { log.warn("token is empty"); ctx.setSendZuulResponse(false); ctx.setResponseStatusCode(401); try { ctx.getResponse().getWriter().write("token is empty"); }catch (Exception e){} return null; } log.info("ok"); return null; } }
filterType:返回一个字符串表明过滤器的类型,在zuul中定义了四种不一样生命周期的过滤器类型,具体以下:
pre:路由以前
routing:路由之时
post: 路由以后
error:发送错误调用
filterOrder:过滤的顺序
shouldFilter:逻辑判断,是否要过滤
run:过滤器的具体逻辑控制
接下来就能够测试访问了。
技术架构图以下: