xadmin引入django-import-export导入功能

1、安装

因为xadmin自带的包里面已经包含了django-import-export

因此不用再pip install django-import-export了

可是xadmin管理后台只有导出按钮

没有导入按钮

因此本次引入了导入功能

 

 

2、配置文件

demo/settings.py：

 

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'db@02^k!pw$6kx*0$+9#%2h@vro-*h^+xs%5&(+q*b181&o$)l'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
 'django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'product.apps.ProductConfig',

 'xadmin',
 'crispy_forms',
 'reversion',
 # 添加django-xadmin

 'import_export',
 # 导入导出
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'demo.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
 {
 'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
 'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
 ,
 'APP_DIRS': True,
 'OPTIONS': {
 'context_processors': [
 'django.template.context_processors.debug',
 'django.template.context_processors.request',
 'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
 'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
 ],
 },
 },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'demo.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
 'default': {
 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
 'NAME': 'demo',
 'HOST': '192.168.1.106',
 'PORT': '3306',
 'USER': 'root',
 'PASSWORD': 'Abcdef@123456',
 }
}
# MySQL数据库配置


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
 {
 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
 },
 {
 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
 },
 {
 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
 },
 {
 'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
 },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
# 简体中文界面

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
# 亚洲/上海时区

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False
# 不使用国际标准时间


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
# 定义静态文件的目录

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
# 定义图片存放的目录

IMPORT_EXPORT_USE_TRANSACTIONS = True
# 在导入数据时使用数据库事务，默认False

 

 

3、复制资源文件

python manage.py collectstatic

拷贝静态文件

 

此时static目录下新增了static/import_export目录

 

 

4、Admin后台注册

product/admin.py：

import xadmin

# Register your models here.
from import_export import resources
from xadmin import views

from product.models import ProductInfo


class ProductInfoResource(resources.ModelResource):

 class Meta:
 model = ProductInfo

 skip_unchanged = True
 # 导入数据时，若是该条数据未修改过，则会忽略
 report_skipped = True
 # 在导入预览页面中显示跳过的记录

 import_id_fields = ('id',)
 # 对象标识的默认字段是id，您能够选择在导入时设置哪些字段用做id

 fields = (
 'id',
 'product_name',
 'product_picture',
 'product_describe',
 'product_manager',
 )
 # 白名单

 exclude = (
 'create_time',
 'update_time',
 )
 # 黑名单


class ProductInfoAdmin(object):
 list_display = [
 'id',
 'product_name',
 'product_picture',
 'product_describe',
 'product_manager',
 'create_time',
 'update_time',
 ]
 # 要显示的字段列表

 ordering = ['id']
 # 按照id顺序排列，若是是倒序-id

 search_fields = ['product_name', 'product_manager']
 # 要搜索的字段

 list_filter = ['product_name', 'create_time', 'update_time']
 # 要筛选的字段

 show_detail_fields = ['product_name', 'product_picture']
 # 要展现详情的字段

 list_editable = ['product_name', 'product_picture',
 'product_describe', 'product_manager']
 # 列表可直接修改的字段

 list_per_page = 10
 # 分页

 # model_icon = 'fa fa-laptop'
 # 配置模型图标，也能够在GlobalSetting里面配置

 import_export_args = {
 'import_resource_class': ProductInfoResource,
 # 'export_resource_class': ProductInfoResource,
 }
 # 配置导入按钮


class BaseSetting(object):
 enable_themes = True
 use_bootswatch = True
 # 开启主题自由切换


class GlobalSetting(object):
 global_search_models = [ProductInfo]
 # 配置全局搜索选项，默认搜索组、用户、日志记录
 site_title = "测试平台"
 # 标题
 site_footer = "测试部"
 # 页脚

 menu_style = "accordion"
 # 左侧菜单收缩功能
 apps_icons = {
 "product": "fa fa-music",
 }
 # 配置应用图标，即一级菜单图标
 global_models_icon = {
 ProductInfo: "fa fa-film",
 }
 # 配置模型图标，即二级菜单图标


xadmin.site.register(ProductInfo, ProductInfoAdmin)
# 注册模型

xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting)
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSetting)

 

 

5、xadmin管理后台

python manage.py runserver

启动服务

http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/

 

6、优化

以上这样有2个弊病

Excel文件列名与导入预览页面列名都是字段英文名称

而不是verbose_name中文名称

很不方便

 

 

 

修改product/models.py：

import xadmin

# Register your models here.
from import_export import resources
from xadmin import views
from xadmin.layout import Main, Fieldset, Side

from product.models import ProductInfo

from django.apps import apps


class ProductInfoResource(resources.ModelResource):

 def __init__(self):
 super(ProductInfoResource, self).__init__()
 field_list = apps.get_model('product', 'ProductInfo')._meta.fields
 # 应用名与模型名
 self.verbose_name_dict = {}
 # 获取全部字段的verbose_name并存放在verbose_name_dict字典里
 for i in field_list:
 self.verbose_name_dict[i.name] = i.verbose_name

 def get_export_fields(self):
 fields = self.get_fields()
 # 默认导入导出field的column_name为字段的名称
 # 这里修改成字段的verbose_name
 for field in fields:
 field_name = self.get_field_name(field)
 if field_name in self.verbose_name_dict.keys():
 field.column_name = self.verbose_name_dict[field_name]
 # 若是设置过verbose_name，则将column_name替换为verbose_name
 # 不然维持原有的字段名
 return fields

 class Meta:
 model = ProductInfo

 skip_unchanged = True
 # 导入数据时，若是该条数据未修改过，则会忽略
 report_skipped = True
 # 在导入预览页面中显示跳过的记录

 import_id_fields = ('id',)
 # 对象标识的默认字段是id，您能够选择在导入时设置哪些字段用做id

 fields = (
 'id',
 'product_name',
 'product_picture',
 'product_describe',
 'product_manager',
 )
 # 白名单

 exclude = (
 'product_detail',
 'create_time',
 'update_time',
 )
 # 黑名单


class ProductInfoAdmin(object):

 list_display = [
 'id',
 'product_name',
 'product_picture',
 'product_describe',
 'product_manager',
 'product_detail',
 'create_time',
 'update_time',
 ]
 # 要显示的字段列表

 ordering = ['id']
 # 按照id顺序排列，若是是倒序-id

 search_fields = ['product_name', 'product_manager']
 # 要搜索的字段

 list_filter = ['product_name', 'create_time', 'update_time']
 # 要筛选的字段

 show_detail_fields = ['product_name', 'product_detail']
 # 要展现详情的字段

 list_editable = ['product_name', 'product_describe', 'product_manager']
 # 列表可直接修改的字段

 list_per_page = 10
 # 分页

 # model_icon = 'fa fa-laptop'
 # 配置模型图标，也能够在GlobalSetting里面配置

 import_export_args = {
 'import_resource_class': ProductInfoResource,
 # 'export_resource_class': ProductInfoResource,
 }
 # 配置导入按钮


class BaseSetting(object):
 enable_themes = True
 use_bootswatch = True
 # 开启主题自由切换


class GlobalSetting(object):
 global_search_models = [ProductInfo]
 # 配置全局搜索选项，默认搜索组、用户、日志记录
 site_title = "测试平台"
 # 标题
 site_footer = "测试部"
 # 页脚

 menu_style = "accordion"
 # 左侧菜单收缩功能
 apps_icons = {
 "product": "fa fa-music",
 }
 # 配置应用图标，即一级菜单图标
 global_models_icon = {
 ProductInfo: "fa fa-film",
 }
 # 配置模型图标，即二级菜单图标


xadmin.site.register(ProductInfo, ProductInfoAdmin)
# 注册模型

xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting)
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSetting)