【脑电信号】基于matlab小波变换+样本熵的癫痫脑电信号特征提取【含Matlab源码 1154期】

1、简介

1974年，法国工程师J.Morlet首先提出小波变换的概念，1986年著名数学家Y.Meyer偶然构造出一个真正的小波基，并与S.Mallat合做创建了构造小波基的多尺度分析以后，小波分析才开始蓬勃发展起来。小波分析的应用领域十分普遍，在数学方面，它已用于数值分析、构造快速数值方法、曲线曲面构造、微分方程求解、控制论等。在信号分析方面的滤波、去噪声、压缩、传递等。在图像处理方面的图像压缩、分类、识别与诊断，去噪声等。本章将着重阐述小波在图像中的应用分析。
1 小波变换原理
小波分析是一个比较难的分支，用户采用小波变换，能够实现图像压缩，振动信号的分解与重构等，所以在实际工程上应用较普遍。小波分析与Fourier变换相比，小波变换是空间域和频率域的局部变换，于是能有效地从信号中提取信息。小波变换经过伸缩和平移等基本运算，实现对信号的多尺度分解与重构，从而很大程度上解决了Fourier变换带来的不少难题。
小波分析做一个新的数学分支，它是泛函分析、Fourier分析、数值分析的完美结晶；小波分析也是一种“时间—尺度”分析和多分辨分析的新技术，它在信号分析、语音合成、图像压缩与识别、大气与海洋波分析等方面的研究，都有普遍的应用。
（1）小波分析用于信号与图像压缩。小波压缩的特色是压缩比高，压缩速度快，压缩后能保持信号与图像的特征不变，且在传递中可以抗干扰。基于小波分析的压缩方法不少，具体有小波压缩，小波包压缩，小波变换向量压缩等。
（2）小波也能够用于信号的滤波去噪、信号的时频分析、信噪分离与提取弱信号、求分形指数、信号的识别与诊断以及多尺度边缘检测等。
（3）小波分析在工程技术等方面的应用归纳的包括计算机视觉、曲线设计、湍流、远程宇宙的研究与生物医学方面。
2 多尺度分析

3 图像的分解和量化

4 图像压缩编码

5 图像编码评价

2、源代码

function varargout = mainGUI(varargin)
% MAINGUI MATLAB code for mainGUI.fig
%      MAINGUI, by itself, creates a new MAINGUI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = MAINGUI returns the handle to a new MAINGUI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      MAINGUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in MAINGUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      MAINGUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new MAINGUI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before mainGUI_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to mainGUI_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help mainGUI

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 26-Mar-2021 12:46:25

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @mainGUI_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @mainGUI_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before mainGUI is made visible.
function mainGUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to mainGUI (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for mainGUI
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes mainGUI wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = mainGUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global x
[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.xlsx';'*.csv';'*.txt';'*.'},'载入文件'); 
set( handles.edit1,'String',strcat(pathname,filename)); 
data=xlsread(strcat(pathname,filename));
x=data';
axes(handles.axes1)
plot(x);
axis tight
grid on
title('原始癫痫脑电信号')
xlabel('采样点');
ylabel('幅值/mV');
msgbox('数据导入已完成！')

% --- Executes on selection change in popupmenu1.
function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns popupmenu1 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from popupmenu1

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function popupmenu1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
function varargout = jiemian(varargin)
% JIEMIAN MATLAB code for jiemian.fig
%      JIEMIAN, by itself, creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = JIEMIAN returns the handle to a new JIEMIAN or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      JIEMIAN('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in JIEMIAN.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      JIEMIAN('Property','Value',...) creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before jiemian_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to jiemian_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES

% Edit the above text to modify the response to help jiemian

% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 29-Jul-2020 18:27:56

% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...
                   'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...
                   'gui_OpeningFcn', @jiemian_OpeningFcn, ...
                   'gui_OutputFcn',  @jiemian_OutputFcn, ...
                   'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...
                   'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
    gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end

if nargout
    [varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
    gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT

% --- Executes just before jiemian is made visible.
function jiemian_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to jiemian (see VARARGIN)

% Choose default command line output for jiemian
handles.output = hObject;

% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);

% UIWAIT makes jiemian wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);

% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = jiemian_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles) 
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;

function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
ha=axes('units','normalized','pos',[0 0 1 1]);
uistack(ha,'down');
ii=imread('105.jpg');
image(ii);
colormap gray
set(ha,'handlevisibility','off','visible','on');

if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

function edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)

% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
    set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
userChar = get( handles.edit1, 'string' );
passChar = get( handles.edit2,'string' );
accountNumber = '20171008189'; % 默认帐号
keyWord = 'dfgdbfd697';     % 默认密码
n = find( strcmp(accountNumber, {userChar}),1 ); % 判断输入的用户名和默认值是否一致。若是一致，则 n 非空

if ~isempty( n ) && strcmp( keyWord,{passChar} )
    h = msgbox( '欢迎进入脑电信号处理系统！' );
    uiwait( h );
    delete( gcf ); % 关闭当前的用户登陆界面

    bishe%调用数据GUI

else
    errordlg( '帐号或密码错误，请从新输入！' );
end

% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
close

% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function text3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to text3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

3、运行结果

4、备注

版本：2014a