网络知识梳理(第二节)

IP地址及网络层协议
1.ip地址

IP地址标识一台网络设备,32为二进制组成,点分十进制表示.

子网掩码
·```
使用掩码来区分网络部分和主机部分
掩码使用IP地址同样

![](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/c5828668a5d96c2a35c68701f3497f35.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

***进制转换***
![](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/934abe47b4a7e8ce5b89b97516d5ed9c.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

![](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/a4c7519f731f64ab64f48151f7d1a3c9.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

***子网划分***
![](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/194118f5953a9241bbdfd3ea80f90dad.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

![](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/9d9b83b0ef575869eab9eea53159825f.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

***数据链路层通讯***
![ARP](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/fc40b662769787b896eda57267bbf229.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)

![RARP](https://s4.51cto.com/images/blog/202004/19/d8ef757be18c35110958242452877efe.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,size_16,text_QDUxQ1RP5Y2a5a6i,color_FFFFFF,t_100,g_se,x_10,y_10,shadow_90,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk=)