一个Python备份脚本

编写一个Python脚本，实现为重要的文件或文件夹在指定的目录下建立备份。

[设计思路]
[1] 将须要备份的文件和目录由一个列表指定，经过传入参数得到并保存到列表中。
[2] 备份应该保存在主备份目录中。
[3] 将文件备份成一个压缩文件。
[4] 每一次备份都根据当前的日期在主备份目录中建立一个子文件夹，而所备份的文件命名为当期的时间保存在这个子文件夹中。
[5] 压缩命令由本地用户决定。可使用任何本地的存档压缩命令，只要它有命令行界面就能够了，那样就能够从脚本中传递参数给它。

[参考]
[1] A Byte of Python, 2005
[2] Python Manuals 2.6

[Python Code]
#! /usr/bin/python # Filename: backup_ver1.py # 2010-7-12 wcdj import os import time import sys # 1, The files and directories to be backed up are specified in a list # source = ['/home/wcdj/my_prog', '/home/wcdj/local_installed'] # The following information is the debug used print '--------------------------------' source=[] print 'The command line arguments are: ' for i in sys.argv: print i if i == sys.argv[0]: continue source.append(i) print source print '--------------------------------' # check input, if error app exit if len(source) == 0: print '''You should input the files or directories, like python backup_ver1.py /home/wcdj/myfile /home/wcdj/mydir ...''' exit() else: print 'Some files or directorier will be saved into .tar.gz format: ' print source # If you are using Windows, use # source=[r'c:/Documents', r'd:/work'] or # source=['c://Documents', 'd://work'] or # something like that # 2, The backup must be stored in a main backup directory # Remember to change this to what you will be using target_dir = '/home/wcdj/backup/' # 3, The files are backed up into a tar file # 4, The name of subdirectory and tar file today = target_dir + time.strftime('%Y%m%d') now = time.strftime('%H%M%S') # Take a comment from the user to create the name of the tar file comment = raw_input('Enter a comment: ') if len(comment) == 0:# check if a comment was entered target = today + os.sep + now + '.tar.gz' else: target = today + os.sep + now + '_' + / comment.replace(' ', '_') + '.tar.gz' #Create the subdirectory if it isn't already there if not os.path.exists(today): os.mkdir(today)# make directory print 'Successfully created directory', today # 5, We use the tar command(in Unix/Linux) to put the files in a tgz archive tar_command = "tar -zcf %s %s" % (target, ' '.join(source)) # Run the backup if os.system(tar_command) == 0: print 'Successful backup to', target else: print 'Backup failed' # end