如今的公司每一个都应该有本身的网站(若是公司没有本身的网站,那也不用在那里待了,浪费青春),访问网站的时候不可能给个192.168.1.1去访问去,因此DNS在如今公司中占有举足轻重的做用:而且它还有个缓存服务器的做用,可以加快公司员工的上网速度,那么配置一个DNS服务器要多长时间呢? 标准从开始作到结束30秒,脚本轻松搞定DNS服务器。怎么简单怎么来么。以最短的时间作出作多的事这才是好员工么。废话很少说,开始作。
配置环境。一台linux系统服务器,Red Hat 企业版5 一张Red Hat 企业版5光盘(提早插到光驱中等下要挂载东西)
#!/bin/bash
mkdir /mafei
mount /dev/cdrom /mafei
cd /mafei/Server
rpm -e `rpm -qa | grep ^bind` --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh bind-* --nodeps --force
rpm -ivh caching-nameserver-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
echo "search server.mafei.com" > /etc/resolv.conf
echo "nameserver 192.168.142.128" >> /etc/resolv.conf
cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.caching-nameserver.conf << MAFEI
:%s/127.0.0.1/any/g
:%s/localhost/any/g
:wq
MAFEI
echo 'zone "mafei.com" IN { type master; file "mafei.com"; };' >> /var/named/chroot/etc/named.rfc1912.zones
cd /var/named/chroot/var/named/
cp named.local mafei.com
vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/mafei.com << MAFEIFEI
:%s/1 IN PTR localhost./www IN A 192.168.142.128/g
:wq
MAFEIFEI
bind-chroot-admin -s
service named restart
ping www.mafei.com
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若是想一步步作的话下面可供参考。具体有正向解析,反向解析,以及不一样域名同一IP等的配置实例,首先作一个正向,若是正向都没作出来那么后面的也不用作了。
配置IP子网掩码。以及DNS
[root@server ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] 79c970 [PCnet32 LANCE]
DEVICE=eth0
HWADDR=00:0c:29:c1:ef:7f
ONBOOT=yes
IPADDR=192.168.142.2
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
TYPE=Ethernet
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[root@server ~]# vi /etc/resolv.conf
search mafei.com
nameserver 192.168.142.2
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将光盘挂载到/mafei下。并删除原来的DNS软件包
[root@server ~]# mkdir /mafei
[root@server ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mafei
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@server ~]# cd /mafei/Server/
[root@server Server]# rpm -e `rpm -qa | grep ^bind` --nodeps
warning: /etc/sysconfig/named saved as /etc/sysconfig/named.rpmsave
/var/tmp/rpm-tmp.51087: line 2: /usr/sbin/bind-chroot-admin: No such file or directory
error: %preun(bind-chroot-9.3.3-7.el5.i386) scriptlet failed, exit status 1
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从光盘中安装DNS服务器必备的两大软件包
其中bind软件包是DNS服务器的配置软件包
至于caching软件包么。里面提供了DNS服务配置的模板你牛的话也能够不用本身写
[root@server Server]# rpm -ivh bind-* --nodeps --force
warning: bind-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:bind-utils ########################################### [ 14%]
2:bind ########################################### [ 29%]
3:bind-chroot ########################################### [ 43%]
4:bind-devel ########################################### [ 57%]
5:bind-libbind-devel ########################################### [ 71%]
6:bind-libs ########################################### [ 86%]
7:bind-sdb ########################################### [100%]
[root@server Server]# rpm -ivh caching-nameserver-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm
warning: caching-nameserver-9.3.3-7.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:caching-nameserver ########################################### [100%]
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进入DNS主目录。修改主配置文件中选项。
其实说白了。就是将127.0.0.1该为any
将localhost改成any就OK了。至于内容么。。应该知道吧。
[root@server Server]# hostname
server.mafei.com
[root@server Server]# cd /var/named/chroot/etc/
[root@server etc]# ls
localtime named.caching-nameserver.conf named.rfc1912.zones rndc.key
[root@server etc]# vi named.caching-nameserver.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
query-source port 53;
query-source-v6 port 53;
allow-query { any; };
};
logging {
channel default_debug {
file "data/named.run";
severity dynamic;
};
};
view any_resolver {
match-clients { any; };
match-destinations { any; };
recursion yes;
include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
};
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修改DNS的辅配置文件在最后加入要创建的域名
本文中要创建的域名为mafei.com
注意: 在指定文件中的mafei.com虽然是自定义的文件名称可是必须和后面的文件名称相同不然会出错。并且注意每一行后面都有;的,(我就在这里栽过N次。。)
[root@server etc]# vi named.rfc1912.zones
zone "0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.0.ip6.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.ip6.local";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "255.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.broadcast";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "0.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "named.zero";
allow-update { none; };
};
zone "mafei.com" IN {
type master;
file "mafei.com";
};
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不是要作www.mafei.com啊。刚才作了mafei.com如今来作下www(虽然叫起来不太专业但最起码能听懂、)
进入DNS的主机目录,这里有配置的模板咱们只须要拷贝一份过来再进行修改就OK
此处我拷了一份模板过来名字为mafei.com (注意要和刚才的文件名要相同。)
在后面一行添加一条主机的A记录就行。让主机可以对应相应的IP
[root@server etc]# vi named.rfc1912.zones
[root@server etc]# cd ../var/named/
[root@server named]# ls
data localhost.zone named.ca named.local slaves
localdomain.zone named.broadcast named.ip6.local named.zero
[root@server named]# cp named.local mafei.com
[root@server named]# vi mafei.com
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS localhost.
www IN A 192.168.142.2
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由于作完以后各个文件的权限的问题因此得用Bind-chroot-admin –s 进行权限的自动化配置
作完以后重启下named 服务便可用了
[root@server named]# bind-chroot-admin –s
[root@server etc]# service named restart
Stopping named: [FAILED]
Starting named: [ OK ]
[root@server etc]# ping www.mafei.com
PING www.mafei.com (192.168.142.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 192.168.142.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.027 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.142.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.028 ms
64 bytes from 192.168.142.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.030 ms
--- www.mafei.com ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.027/0.028/0.030/0.004 ms
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至于作DNS的反向解析,以及同一IP不一样主机,只要前面作好了。后面只须要。添加相应的域名记录和主机记录便可,,其实都有模板只要照着上面模板抄一遍就OK了。不用死记
1. 在DNS的辅助主文件中添加域名记录。 (添加反向记录时输入的ip 为服务器ip地址的后3位)
此处添加192.168.142.2 解析为www.mafeifei.com
www.fei.com解析为192.168.142.2(同一ip不一样域名,)
[root@server etc]# vi named.rfc1912.zones
zone "mafei.com" IN {
type master;
file "mafei.com";
};
zone "142.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
type master;
file "mafeifei.com";
};
zone "fei.com" IN {
type master;
file "fei.com";
};
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2. 设置主机记录。
设置同一ip不一样域名时由于刚才作www.mafei.com时已经作过。此步仍是要解析为www.fei.com 添加一条A记录便可。因此此处再也不重复。直接复制一份。
设置反向域名解析时 仍是cp模板到mafeifei.com 设置记录。格式为
2: 此服务器ip为192.168.142.2此处的2就是服务器的最后一位ip
PTR: 设置主机的反向解析。
www.mafeifei.com : 这个没什么说的就是要解析的域名
[root@server named]# cp mafei.com fei.com
[root@server named]# cp named.local mafeifei.com
[root@server named]# vi mafeifei.com
$TTL 86400
@ IN SOA localhost. root.localhost. (
1997022700 ; Serial
28800 ; Refresh
14400 ; Retry
3600000 ; Expire
86400 ) ; Minimum
IN NS localhost.
2 IN PTR www.mafeifei.com.
root@server named]# ls
data localhost.zone named.broadcast named.local
fei.com mafei.com named.ca named.zero
localdomain.zone mafeifei.com named.ip6.local slaves
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作完仍是老动做先作权限再重启服务使配置生效
[root@server named]# bind-chroot-admin -s
[root@server named]# service named restart
Stopping named: [ OK ]
Starting named: [ OK ]
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进行验证
[root@server named]# nslookup
> www.mafei.com
Server: 192.168.142.2
Address: 192.168.142.2#53
Name: www.mafei.com
Address: 192.168.142.2
> www.fei.com
Server: 192.168.142.2
Address: 192.168.142.2#53
Name: www.fei.com
Address: 192.168.142.2
> 192.168.142.2
Server: 192.168.142.2
Address: 192.168.142.2#53
2.142.168.192.in-addr.arpa name = www.mafeifei.com.
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好了,作到这里恭喜你DNS服务器能够对你说easy了 轻松搞定。