咱们在学习Hibernate的时候,若是表涉及到两张的话,那么咱们是在映射文件中使用<set>
..<many-to-one>
等标签将其的映射属性关联起来的...那么在咱们Mybatis中又怎么作呢???php
先来回顾一下咱们SQL99的语法:java
一)内链接(等值链接):查询客户姓名,订单编号,订单价格
---------------------------------------------------
select c.name,o.isbn,o.price
from customers c inner join orders o
where c.id = o.customers_id;
---------------------------------------------------
select c.name,o.isbn,o.price
from customers c join orders o
where c.id = o.customers_id;
---------------------------------------------------
select c.name,o.isbn,o.price
from customers c,orders o
where c.id = o.customers_id;
---------------------------------------------------
select c.name,o.isbn,o.price
from customers c join orders o
on c.id = o.customers_id;
---------------------------------------------------
注意:内链接(等值链接)只能查询出多张表中,链接字段相同的记录
二)外链接:按客户分组,查询每一个客户的姓名和订单数
---------------------------------------------------
左外链接:
select c.name,count(o.isbn)
from customers c left outer join orders o
on c.id = o.customers_id
group by c.name;
---------------------------------------------------
右外链接:
select c.name,count(o.isbn)
from orders o right outer join customers c
on c.id = o.customers_id
group by c.name;
---------------------------------------------------
注意:外链接既能查询出多张表中,链接字段相同的记录;又能根据一方,将另外一方不符合相同记录强行查询出来
三)自链接:求出AA的老板是EE
---------------------------------------------------
内自链接:
select users.ename,boss.ename
from emps users inner join emps boss
on users.mgr = boss.empno;
---------------------------------------------------
外自链接:
select users.ename,boss.ename
from emps users left outer join emps boss
on users.mgr = boss.empno;
---------------------------------------------------
注意:自链接是将一张表,经过别名的方式,看做多张表后,再进行链接。
这时的链接便可以采用内链接,又能够采用外链接
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因为咱们Mybatis中并无像Hibernate这样全自动化的,所以咱们是没有<set>
..<many-to-one>
等标签的,咱们仍是使用手写SQL语句来使咱们的关联属性链接起来...mysql
需求:android
--mysql
create table cards(
cid int(5) primary key,
cnum varchar(10)
);
create table students(
sid int(5) primary key,
sname varchar(10),
scid int(5),
constraint scid_fk foreign key(scid) references cards(cid)
);
insert into cards(cid,cnum) values(1,'111');
insert into students(sid,sname,scid) values(1,'哈哈',1);
select * from cards;
select * from students;
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/** * 身份证(单方) * @author AdminTC */
public class Card {
private Integer id;
private String num;
public Card(){}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getNum() {
return num;
}
public void setNum(String num) {
this.num = num;
}
}
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/** * 学生(单方) * @author AdminTC */
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Card card;//关联属性
public Student(){}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Card getCard() {
return card;
}
public void setCard(Card card) {
this.card = card;
}
}
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因为咱们有两个实体,所以咱们会有两个映射文件sql
Student映射文件数据库
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="studentNamespace">
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Student" id="studentMap">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
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Card映射文件apache
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cardNamespace">
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Card" id="cardMap">
<id property="id" column="cid"/>
<result property="num" column="cnum"/>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
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如今我想根据学生的编号查询学生的信息和身份证信息!微信
因为该查询着重是查询学生的信息,因而咱们在学生的映射文件中写SQL语句session
按照需求,咱们写出来的SQL语句是这样子的。mybatis
select * from zhongfucheng.students s,zhongfucheng.cards c where c.cid = s.scid and sid=1;
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我来看一下查询结果:
咱们的实体与映射表中,Student实体是没有关联其余的字段的,仅仅是写出了该实体的自带的属性。
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Student" id="studentMap">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
</resultMap>
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明显地,咱们Student是不能封装返回的结果,所以咱们须要将关联属性进行关联起来!
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Student" id="studentMap">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<!-- property写的是在Student实体中写关联字段的属性变量名称 resultMap写的是映射文件中的命名空间.id -->
<association property="card" resultMap="cardNamespace.cardMap"/>
</resultMap>
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咱们关联了之后,Student实体就可以封装返回的结果了
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Student" id="studentMap">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
<!-- property写的是在Student实体中写关联字段的属性变量名称 resultMap写的是映射文件中的命名空间.id -->
<association property="card" resultMap="cardNamespace.cardMap"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap">
select * from zhongfucheng.students s,zhongfucheng.cards c where c.cid = s.scid and sid=#{id};
</select>
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查询编号为1的学生信息【包括身份证编号】
public Student findById(int id) throws Exception {
//获得链接对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
try{
return sqlSession.selectOne("studentNamespace.findById", id);
/* sqlSession.commit();*/
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
sqlSession.rollback();
throw e;
}finally{
MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();
Student student = studentDao.findById(1);
System.out.println(student.getId() + "----" + student.getName() + "----" + student.getCard().getNum());
}
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需求:
create table grades(
gid int(5) primary key,
gname varchar(10)
);
create table students(
sid int(5) primary key,
sname varchar(10),
sgid int(5),
constraint sgid_fk foreign key(sgid) references grades(gid)
);
insert into grades(gid,gname) values(1,'java');
insert into students(sid,sname,sgid) values(1,'哈哈',1);
insert into students(sid,sname,sgid) values(2,'呵呵',1);
select * from grades;
select * from students;
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package zhongfucheng2;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/** * 学科(单方) * @author AdminTC */
public class Grade {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<Student>();//关联属性
public Grade(){}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Student> getStudentList() {
return studentList;
}
public void setStudentList(List<Student> studentList) {
this.studentList = studentList;
}
}
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package zhongfucheng2;
/** * 学生(多方) * @author AdminTC */
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Grade grade;//关联属性
public Student(){}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public Grade getGrade() {
return grade;
}
public void setGrade(Grade grade) {
this.grade = grade;
}
}
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<mapper namespace="studentNamespace">
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Student" id="studentMap">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
</resultMap>
<!--查询选修的java学科有多少位学生-->
<!--因为咱们只要查询学生的名字,而咱们的实体studentMap能够封装学生的名字,那么咱们返回studentMap便可,并不须要再关联到学科表-->
<select id="findByGrade" parameterType="string" resultMap="studentMap">
select s.sname,s.sid from zhongfucheng.students s,zhongfucheng.grades g WHERE s.sgid=g.gid and g.gname=#{name};
</select>
</mapper>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="gradeNamespace">
<resultMap type="zhongfucheng2.Grade" id="gradeMap">
<id property="id" column="gid"/>
<result property="name" column="gname"/>
</resultMap>
</mapper>
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public List<Student> findByGrade(String grade) throws Exception {
//获得链接对象
SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
try{
return sqlSession.selectList("studentNamespace.findByGrade", grade);
/* sqlSession.commit();*/
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
sqlSession.rollback();
throw e;
}finally{
MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
StudentDao studentDao = new StudentDao();
List<Student> student = studentDao.findByGrade("java");
for (Student student1 : student) {
System.out.println(student1.getName());
}
}
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需求:
create table students(
sid int(5) primary key,
sname varchar(10)
);
create table courses(
cid int(5) primary key,
cname varchar(10)
);
create table middles(
msid int(5),
mcid int(5),
primary key(msid,mcid)
);
insert into students(sid,sname) values(1,'哈哈');
insert into students(sid,sname) values(2,'呵呵');
insert into courses(cid,cname) values(1,'java');
insert into courses(cid,cname) values(2,'android');
insert into middles(msid,mcid) values(1,1);
insert into middles(msid,mcid) values(1,2);
insert into middles(msid,mcid) values(2,1);
insert into middles(msid,mcid) values(2,2);
select * from students;
select * from courses;
select * from middles;
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package cn.itcast.javaee.mybatis.many2many;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/** * 课程(多方) * @author AdminTC */
public class Course {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<Student>();//关联属性
public Course(){}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Student> getStudentList() {
return studentList;
}
public void setStudentList(List<Student> studentList) {
this.studentList = studentList;
}
}
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package cn.itcast.javaee.mybatis.many2many;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
/** * 学生(多方) * @author AdminTC */
public class Student {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private List<Course> courseList = new ArrayList<Course>();//关联属性
public Student(){}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public List<Course> getCourseList() {
return courseList;
}
public void setCourseList(List<Course> courseList) {
this.courseList = courseList;
}
}
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="courseNamespace">
<resultMap type="cn.itcast.javaee.mybatis.many2many.Course" id="courseMap">
<id property="id" column="cid"/>
<result property="name" column="cname"/>
</resultMap>
<!-- 查询哈哈选学了哪些课程 -->
<select id="findAllByName" parameterType="string" resultMap="courseMap">
select c.cid,c.cname
from students s inner join middles m
on s.sid = m.msid
inner join courses c
on m.mcid = c.cid
and s.sname = #{name}
</select>
</mapper>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="studentNamespace">
<resultMap type="cn.itcast.javaee.mybatis.many2many.Student" id="studentMap">
<id property="id" column="sid"/>
<result property="name" column="sname"/>
</resultMap>
<select id="findAllByCourseName" parameterType="string" resultMap="studentMap">
select s.sname
from students s inner join middles m
on s.sid = m.msid
inner join courses c
on m.mcid = c.cid
and c.cname = #{name}
</select>
</mapper>
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package cn.itcast.javaee.mybatis.many2many;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import cn.itcast.javaee.mybatis.util.MybatisUtil;
/** * 持久层 * @author AdminTC */
public class StudentCourseDao {
/** * 查询哈哈选学了哪些课程 * @param name 表示学生的姓名 */
public List<Course> findAllByName(String name) throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try{
sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
return sqlSession.selectList("courseNamespace.findAllByName",name);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
throw e;
}finally{
MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
}
}
/** * 查询java课程有哪些学生选修 * @param name 表示学生的课程 */
public List<Student> findAllByCourseName(String name) throws Exception{
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try{
sqlSession = MybatisUtil.getSqlSession();
return sqlSession.selectList("studentNamespace.findAllByCourseName",name);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
throw e;
}finally{
MybatisUtil.closeSqlSession();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
StudentCourseDao dao = new StudentCourseDao();
List<Course> courseList = dao.findAllByName("哈哈");
System.out.print("哈哈选学了" + courseList.size()+"个课程,分别是:");
for(Course c : courseList){
System.out.print(c.getName()+" ");
}
System.out.println("\n-----------------------------------------------------");
List<Student> studentList = dao.findAllByCourseName("android");
System.out.println("选修了android课程的学生有"+studentList.size()+"个,分别是:");
for(Student s : studentList){
System.out.print(s.getName()+" ");
}
}
}
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对于Mybatis的多表链接就很是简单了,因为SQL语句全是由咱们本身写,若是咱们返回的数据类型在当前的实体中是不够封装的话,那么咱们只要再关联对应的映射属性就好了!
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