❤️❌ 如何用vue制做一个探探滑动组件

最终效果

前言

嗨,提及探探想必各位程序汪都不陌生(毕竟妹子不少),能在上面丝滑的翻牌子,探探的的堆叠滑动组件起到了关键的做用,下面就来看看如何用vue写一个探探的堆叠组件 ?css

一. 功能分析

简单使用下探探会发现,堆叠滑动的功能很简单,用一张图归纳就是:

简单概括下里面包含的基本功能点:html

  • 图片的堆叠
  • 图片第一张的滑动
  • 条件成功后的滑出,条件失败后的回弹
  • 滑出后下一张图片堆叠到顶部

体验优化前端

  • 根据触摸点的不一样,滑动时首图有不一样角度偏移
  • 偏移面积断定是否成功滑出

二. 具体实现

有了概括好的功能点,咱们实现组件的思路会更清晰vue

1. 堆叠效果

堆叠图片效果在网上有大量的实例,实现的方法大同小异,主要经过在父层设定perspectiveperspective-origin,来实现子层的透视,子层设定好translate3d Z轴数值便可模拟出堆叠效果,具体代码以下git

// 图片堆叠dom
 <!--opacity: 0 隐藏咱们不想看到的stack-item层级-->
 <!--z-index: -1 调整stack-item层级"-->
<ul class="stack">
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, 0px);opacity: 1;z-index: 10;"><img src="1.png" alt="01"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -60px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="2.png" alt="02"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -120px);opacity: 1;z-index: 1"><img src="3.png" alt="03"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="4.png" alt="04"></li>
 <li class="stack-item" style="transform: translate3d(0px, 0px, -180px);opacity: 0;z-index: -1"><img src="5.png" alt="05"></li>
</ul>
<style>
.stack {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    position: relative;
    perspective: 1000px; //子元素视距
    perspective-origin: 50% 150%; //子元素透视位置
    -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
    -webkit-perspective-origin: 50% 150%;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
  }
  .stack-item{
    background: #fff;
    height: 100%;
    width: 100%;
    border-radius: 4px;
    text-align: center;
    overflow: hidden;
  }
  .stack-item img {
    width: 100%;
    display: block;
    pointer-events: none;
  }
</style>

上面只是一组静态代码,咱们但愿获得的是vue组件,因此须要先创建一个组件模板stack.vue,在模板中咱们可使用v-for,遍历出stack节点,使用:style 来修改各个item的style,代码以下github

<template>
    <ul class="stack">
      <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages" :style="[transform(index)]">
        <img :src="item.src">
      </li>
    </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  props: {
    // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
    pages: {
      type: Array,
      default: []
    }
  },
  data () {
    return {
      // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
      basicdata: {
        currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
      },
      // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
      temporaryData: {
        opacity: 1, // 记录opacity
        zIndex: 10, // 记录zIndex
        visible: 3 // 记录默认显示堆叠数visible
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    // 遍历样式
    transform (index) {
      if (index >= this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        let visible = this.temporaryData.visible
        let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
        // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
        if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
          style['opacity'] = '1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
          style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
          style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
          style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        } else {
          style['zIndex'] = '-1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
        }
        return style
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

关键点

  • :style能够绑定对象的同时,也能够绑定数组和函数,这在遍历的时候颇有用

最基本的dom结构已经构建完毕,下一步是让首张图片“动”起来web

2. 图片滑动

图片滑动效果,在不少场景中都有出现,其原理无非是监听touchs事件,获得位移,再经过translate3D改变目标位移,所以咱们要实现的步骤以下数组

  • 对stack进行touchs事件的绑定
  • 监听并储存手势位置变化的数值
  • 改变首图css属性中translate3D的x,y值

具体实现

在vue框架中,不建议直接操做节点,而是经过指令v-on对元素进行绑定,所以咱们将绑定都写在v-for遍历里,经过index进行判断其是不是首图,再使用:style修改首页的样式,具体代码以下:框架

<template>
    <ul class="stack">
      <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
      :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
      @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
      @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
      @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
      @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
      @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
      @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
        <img :src="item.src">
      </li>
    </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  props: {
    // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
    pages: {
      type: Array,
      default: []
    }
  },
  data () {
    return {
      // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
      basicdata: {
        start: {}, // 记录起始位置
        end: {}, // 记录终点位置
        currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
      },
      // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
      temporaryData: {
        poswidth: '', // 记录位移
        posheight: '', // 记录位移
        tracking: false // 是否在滑动,防止屡次操做,影响体验
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    touchstart (e) {
      if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
        return
      }
      // 是否为touch
      if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
        if (e.touches.length > 1) {
          this.temporaryData.tracking = false
          return
        } else {
          // 记录起始位置
          this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
          this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
        }
      // pc操做
      } else {
        this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
        this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
        this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
        this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
        this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
      }
      this.temporaryData.tracking = true
    },
    touchmove (e) {
      // 记录滑动位置
      if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
        if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
        } else {
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
        }
        // 计算滑动值
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
        this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
      }
    },
    touchend (e) {
      this.temporaryData.tracking = false
      // 滑动结束,触发判断
    },
    // 非首页样式切换
    transform (index) {
      if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        let visible = 3
        let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
        // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
        if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
          style['opacity'] = '1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
          style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
          style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
          style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        } else {
          style['zIndex'] = '-1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
        }
        return style
      }
    },
    // 首页样式切换
    transformIndex (index) {
      // 处理3D效果
      if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
        style['opacity'] = 1
        style['zIndex'] = 10
        return style
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

3. 条件成功后的滑出,条件失败后的回弹

条件的触发判断是在touchend/mouseup后进行,在这里咱们先用简单的条件进行断定,同时给予首图弹出及回弹的效果,代码以下dom

<template>
    <ul class="stack">
      <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
      :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
      @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
      @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
      @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
      @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
      @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
      @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove">
        <img :src="item.src">
      </li>
    </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  props: {
     // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
    pages: {
      type: Array,
      default: []
    }
  },
  data () {
    return {
      // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
      basicdata: {
        start: {}, // 记录起始位置
        end: {}, // 记录终点位置
        currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
      },
      // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
      temporaryData: {
        poswidth: '', // 记录位移
        posheight: '', // 记录位移
        tracking: false, // 是否在滑动,防止屡次操做,影响体验
        animation: false, // 首图是否启用动画效果,默认为否
        opacity: 1 // 记录首图透明度
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    touchstart (e) {
      if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
        return
      }
      // 是否为touch
      if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
        if (e.touches.length > 1) {
          this.temporaryData.tracking = false
          return
        } else {
          // 记录起始位置
          this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
          this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
        }
      // pc操做
      } else {
        this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
        this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
        this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
        this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
        this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
      }
      this.temporaryData.tracking = true
      this.temporaryData.animation = false
    },
    touchmove (e) {
      // 记录滑动位置
      if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
        if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
        } else {
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
        }
        // 计算滑动值
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
        this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
      }
    },
    touchend (e) {
      this.temporaryData.tracking = false
      this.temporaryData.animation = true
      // 滑动结束,触发判断
      // 简单判断滑动宽度超出100像素时触发滑出
      if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
        // 最终位移简单设定为x轴200像素的偏移
        let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
        this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
        this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
      // 不知足条件则滑入
      } else {
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
        this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
      }
    },
    // 非首页样式切换
    transform (index) {
      if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        let visible = 3
        let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
        // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
        if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
          style['opacity'] = '1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
          style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
          style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
          style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        } else {
          style['zIndex'] = '-1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
        }
        return style
      }
    },
    // 首页样式切换
    transformIndex (index) {
      // 处理3D效果
      if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
        style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity
        style['zIndex'] = 10
        if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
          style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
          style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        }
        return style
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

4. 滑出后下一张图片堆叠到顶部

从新堆叠是组件最后一个功能,同时也是最重要和复杂的功能。在咱们的代码里,stack-item的排序依赖绑定:style的transformIndex和transform函数,函数里断定的条件是currentPage,那是否是改变currentPage,让其+1,便可完成从新堆叠呢?

答案没有那么简单,由于咱们滑出是动画效果,会进行300ms的时间,而currentPage变化引发的重排,会当即变化,打断动画的进行。所以咱们须要先修改transform函数的排序条件,后改变currentPage。
#### 具体实现

  • 修改transform函数排序条件
  • 让currentPage+1
  • 添加onTransitionEnd事件,在滑出结束后,从新放置stack列表中

代码以下:

<template>
    <ul class="stack">
      <li class="stack-item" v-for="(item, index) in pages"
      :style="[transformIndex(index),transform(index)]"
      @touchmove.stop.capture="touchmove"
      @touchstart.stop.capture="touchstart"
      @touchend.stop.capture="touchend"
      @mousedown.stop.capture="touchstart"
      @mouseup.stop.capture="touchend"
      @mousemove.stop.capture="touchmove"
      @webkit-transition-end="onTransitionEnd"
      @transitionend="onTransitionEnd"
      >
        <img :src="item.src">
      </li>
    </ul>
</template>
<script>
export default {
  props: {
    // pages数据包含基础的图片数据
    pages: {
      type: Array,
      default: []
    }
  },
  data () {
    return {
      // basicdata数据包含组件基本数据
      basicdata: {
        start: {}, // 记录起始位置
        end: {}, // 记录终点位置
        currentPage: 0 // 默认首图的序列
      },
      // temporaryData数据包含组件临时数据
      temporaryData: {
        poswidth: '', // 记录位移
        posheight: '', // 记录位移
        lastPosWidth: '', // 记录上次最终位移
        lastPosHeight: '', // 记录上次最终位移
        tracking: false, // 是否在滑动,防止屡次操做,影响体验
        animation: false, // 首图是否启用动画效果,默认为否
        opacity: 1, // 记录首图透明度
        swipe: false // onTransition断定条件
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    touchstart (e) {
      if (this.temporaryData.tracking) {
        return
      }
      // 是否为touch
      if (e.type === 'touchstart') {
        if (e.touches.length > 1) {
          this.temporaryData.tracking = false
          return
        } else {
          // 记录起始位置
          this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
          this.basicdata.start.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.start.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
        }
      // pc操做
      } else {
        this.basicdata.start.t = new Date().getTime()
        this.basicdata.start.x = e.clientX
        this.basicdata.start.y = e.clientY
        this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
        this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
      }
      this.temporaryData.tracking = true
      this.temporaryData.animation = false
    },
    touchmove (e) {
      // 记录滑动位置
      if (this.temporaryData.tracking && !this.temporaryData.animation) {
        if (e.type === 'touchmove') {
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.targetTouches[0].clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.targetTouches[0].clientY
        } else {
          this.basicdata.end.x = e.clientX
          this.basicdata.end.y = e.clientY
        }
        // 计算滑动值
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.basicdata.end.x - this.basicdata.start.x
        this.temporaryData.posheight = this.basicdata.end.y - this.basicdata.start.y
      }
    },
    touchend (e) {
      this.temporaryData.tracking = false
      this.temporaryData.animation = true
      // 滑动结束,触发判断
      // 简单判断滑动宽度超出100像素时触发滑出
      if (Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth) >= 100) {
        // 最终位移简单设定为x轴200像素的偏移
        let ratio = Math.abs(this.temporaryData.posheight / this.temporaryData.poswidth)
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth >= 0 ? this.temporaryData.poswidth + 200 : this.temporaryData.poswidth - 200
        this.temporaryData.posheight = this.temporaryData.posheight >= 0 ? Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio) : -Math.abs(this.temporaryData.poswidth * ratio)
        this.temporaryData.opacity = 0
        this.temporaryData.swipe = true
        // 记录最终滑动距离
        this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = this.temporaryData.poswidth
        this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = this.temporaryData.posheight
        // currentPage+1 引起排序变化
        this.basicdata.currentPage += 1
        // currentPage切换,总体dom进行变化,把第一层滑动置零
        this.$nextTick(() => {
          this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
          this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
          this.temporaryData.opacity = 1
        })
      // 不知足条件则滑入
      } else {
        this.temporaryData.poswidth = 0
        this.temporaryData.posheight = 0
        this.temporaryData.swipe = false
      }
    },
    onTransitionEnd (index) {
      // dom发生变化后,正在执行的动画滑动序列已经变为上一层
      if (this.temporaryData.swipe && index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
        this.temporaryData.animation = true
        this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth = 0
        this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight = 0
        this.temporaryData.swipe = false
      }
    },
    // 非首页样式切换
    transform (index) {
      if (index > this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        let visible = 3
        let perIndex = index - this.basicdata.currentPage
        // visible可见数量前滑块的样式
        if (index <= this.basicdata.currentPage + visible - 1) {
          style['opacity'] = '1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * perIndex * 60 + 'px' + ')'
          style['zIndex'] = visible - index + this.basicdata.currentPage
          style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
          style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        } else {
          style['zIndex'] = '-1'
          style['transform'] = 'translate3D(0,0,' + -1 * visible * 60 + 'px' + ')'
        }
        return style
      // 已滑动模块释放后
      } else if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage - 1) {
        let style = {}
        // 继续执行动画
        style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.lastPosWidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.lastPosHeight + 'px' + ',0px)'
        style['opacity'] = '0'
        style['zIndex'] = '-1'
        style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
        style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        return style
      }
    },
    // 首页样式切换
    transformIndex (index) {
      // 处理3D效果
      if (index === this.basicdata.currentPage) {
        let style = {}
        style['transform'] = 'translate3D(' + this.temporaryData.poswidth + 'px' + ',' + this.temporaryData.posheight + 'px' + ',0px)'
        style['opacity'] = this.temporaryData.opacity
        style['zIndex'] = 10
        if (this.temporaryData.animation) {
          style['transitionTimingFunction'] = 'ease'
          style['transitionDuration'] = 300 + 'ms'
        }
        return style
      }
    }
  }
}
</script>

ok~ 完成了上面的四步,堆叠组件的基本功能就已经实现,快来看看效果吧


堆叠滑动效果已经出来了,可是探探在体验上,还增长了触碰角度偏移,以及断定滑出面积比例

角度偏移的原理,是在用户每次进行touch时,记录用户触碰位置,计算出最大的偏移角度,在滑动出现位移时,线性增长角度以致最大的偏移角度。
使用在stack中具体要作的是:

  • touchmove中计算出所需角度和方向
  • touchend及onTransitionEnd中将角度至零

断定滑出面积比例,主要经过偏移量计算出偏移面积,从而获得面积比例,完成判断

完整的代码和demo能够在github上查看源码,这里就不贴出来了

谢谢你们看完这篇文章,喜欢能够在github上给个⭐️ ,最后祝你们在探探上都能找到前女朋友?

分享我写的另外一个vue-slider组件 vue-consise-slider

最近在找新工做,坐标广州,三年前端经验,熟悉vue,有工做介绍的朋友能够邮箱联系我warpcgd@qq.com

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