MySql经常使用操做(mysql用户管理、经常使用sql语句、mysql数据库备份恢复)

mysql用户管理

建立用户并赋予权限

grant all on *.* to 'user1' identified by '123456a'; #建立user1密码为123456a，权限为all
grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'localhost' identified by '123456a'; #此处与上面命令的区别是设置了登陆来源ip
grant all on *.* to 'user1'@'%' identified by '123456a'; #此设置了登陆来源ip为全部

刷新以后才能生效

flush privileges;

查看权限

show grants;

运行效果以下所示

mysql> show grants;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Grants for user1@localhost                                                                                            |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'user1'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*B012E8731FF1DF44F3D8B26837708985278C3CED' |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

查看指定用户的权限

show grants for user1@'127.0.0.1';

经常使用sql语句

# 查询
select count(*) from mysql.user;
select * from mysql.db;
select db from mysql.db;
select db,user from mysql.db;
select * from mysql.db where host like '192.168.%'; #模糊查询
# 插入
insert into db1.t1 values (1, 'abc');
# 更新
update db1.t1 set name='aaa' where id=1;
# 清空表
truncate table db1.t1;
# 删除
drop table db1.t1;
drop database db1;

MySQL数据库备份恢复

1.备份库文件

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 mysql > /tmp/mysql_bak.sql

2.建立数据库mysql2而且将步骤1的备份文件恢复到mysql2

• 建立测试库mysql2

  mysql -uroot -pmysql123 -e "create database mysql2";

• 恢复到mysql2

  mysql -uroot -pmysql123 mysql2 < /tmp/mysql_bak.sql

查看是否恢复成功

1.进入指定的数据库

mysql -uroot -pmysql123 mysql2

2.查询当前所在数据库

mysql> select database();
+------------+
| database() |
+------------+
| mysql2     |
+------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

3.查看表

show tables;

3.备份表

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 mysql user > /tmp/user_bak.sql

4.恢复表

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 mysql2 user < /tmp/user_bak.sql

5.备份全部库

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 -A > /tmp/user_all.sql

6.只备份指定数据库的全部表结构（至关于复制建立表语句）

mysqldump -uroot -pmysql123 -d mysql2 > /tmp/mysql2_table.sql

拓展

SQL语句教程 http://www.runoob.com/sql/sql-tutorial.html
什么是事务？事务的特性有哪些？ http://blog.csdn.net/yenange/article/details/7556094
根据binlog恢复指定时间段的数据 http://www.javashuo.com/article/p-mfppegny-r.html
相关扩展 https://blog.csdn.net/linuxheik/article/details/71480882
mysql字符集调整 http://xjsunjie.blog.51cto.com/999372/1355013
使用xtrabackup备份innodb引擎的数据库 innobackupex 备份 Xtrabackup 增量备份 http://zhangguangzhi.top/2017/08/23/innobackex%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E5%A4%87%E4%BB%BDmysql%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE/#%E4%B8%89%E3%80%81%E5%BC%80%E5%A7%8B%E6%81%A2%E5%A4%8Dmysql