Centos7 上安装mysql赶上的问题：mysql没法正常启动

第一次在Centos上安装mysql遇到的一些问题。

第一步就遇到问题，安装mysql-server报错没有可用包。

 
【解决方法】 
先要安装mysql

# wget http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm # rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm

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以后再安装mysql-server

# yum -y install mysql-server

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而后systemctl enable mysqld设置mysql自启动 以后systemctl start mysqld这时候出问题了，运行以后一直卡着没有反应，以下

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mysqld Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start mysql.service

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systemctl status mysqld查看mysql服务的状态以下

[root@localhost sbin]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Community Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: activating (start-post) since 一 2017-05-15 17:04:12 CST; 5min ago Process: 981 ExecStart=/usr/bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/usr (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Process: 938 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 981 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS); : 982 (mysql-systemd-s) CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service └─control ├─ 982 /bin/bash /usr/bin/mysql-systemd-start post └─2315 sleep 1 5月 15 17:04:12 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server... 5月 15 17:04:15 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[981]: 170515 17:04:15 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/lo...g'. 5月 15 17:04:15 localhost.localdomain mysqld_safe[981]: 170515 17:04:15 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld dae...sql Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

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看不出问题，查看mysql的日志终于找到问题vim /var/log/mysqld.log

2017-05-14 16:40:16 0 [Note] Binlog end 170514 16:40:16 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended 170515 17:04:15 mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysqld.log'. 170515 17:04:15 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql 2017-05-15 17:04:18 0 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ambiguous option '--character-set=utf8' (character-set-client-handshake, character_sets_dir) 2017-05-15 17:04:18 0 [ERROR] Aborting

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原来是my.cnf文件中设置默认字符编码我写成character-set=ut8而centos7版本中应该设置为default-character-set=utf8

以后继续启动mysql仍然没法启动，查看日志以下

2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Warning] Buffered warning: Changed limits: table_open_cache: 431 (requested 2000) 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled. /usr/sbin/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Using atomics to ref count buffer pool pages 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use GCC atomic builtins 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Memory barrier is not used 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Not using CPU crc32 instructions 2017-05-15 17:14:21 1195 [Note] InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M 170515 17:04:18 mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended

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注意ERROR 
Can’t open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it. 
【解决方法】 
在运行初始化权限表的时候使用增长参数–datadir 
mysql_install_db –user=mysql –datadir=/usr/local/mysql/var 
百度后

安装完mysql server时，通常要执行这个脚本对数据库初始化。 运行这个脚本，会初始化mysql的data目录，而且建立那些系统表。 
一样也会初始化系统表空间而且关联innodb表与数据结构。 
更多的相关能够点击这里查看

以后启动服务依然卡住，回看前面执行命令以后的提示

Alternatively you can run:
  /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

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即执行MySQL安全配置向导mysql_secure_installation 
安装完mysql-server 会提示能够运行mysql_secure_installation。运行mysql_secure_installation会执行几个设置： 
a)为root用户设置密码 
b)删除匿名帐号 
c)取消root用户远程登陆 
d)删除test库和对test库的访问权限 
e)刷新受权表使修改生效 
执行以后systemctl restart mysqld命令能够正常执行了

能够正常启动登陆mysql