理论:html
支持客户/服务器模式。java
简单快速:客户向服务器请求服务时,只需传送请求方法和路径。请求方法经常使用的有GET、HEAD、POST。每种方法规定了客户与服务器联系的类型不一样。因为HTTP协议简单,使得HTTP服务器的程序规模小,于是通讯速度很快。服务器
灵活:HTTP容许传输任意类型的数据对象。正在传输的类型由Content-Type加以标记。app
无链接:无链接的含义是限制每次链接只处理一个请求。服务器处理完客户的请求,并收到客户的应答后,即断开链接。采用这种方式能够节省传输时间。jsp
无状态:HTTP协议是无状态协议。无状态是指协议对于事务处理没有记忆能力。缺乏状态意味着若是后续处理须要前面的信息,则它必须重传,这样可能致使每次链接传送的数据量增大。另外一方面,在服务器不须要先前信息时它的应答就较快。ide
实践:post
http请求测试
eg:POST /reg.jsp HTTP/ (CRLF)
Accept:image/gif,image/x-xbit,... (CRLF)
...
HOST:www.guet.edu.cn (CRLF)
Content-Length:22 (CRLF)
Connection:Keep-Alive (CRLF)
Cache-Control:no-cache (CRLF)
(CRLF) //该CRLF表示消息报头已经结束,在此以前为消息报头
user=jeffrey&pwd=1234 //此行如下为提交的数据ui
样本:url
基本get请求
GET /testupload/file_upload_javabean_form1.jsp?test=11123 HTTP/1.1 Accept: */* Accept-Language: zh-Hans-CN,zh-Hans;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; Trident/6.0) Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Host: 127.0.0.1:1111 Connection: Keep-Alive Cookie: JSESSIONID=1rc5wzqgboec02hogbehpjs88 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 20 May 2014 15:04:19 GMT Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 876 Server: Jetty(8.0.4.v20111024) <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <title>测试</title> </head> <body> <h1 align="center">测试</h1> <FORM NAME="form1" METHOD="POST" ACTION="file_upload_javabean_do1.jsp"> <table width="80%" border="0" align="center" > <tr> <td height="30" width="50%" align="right">测试</td> <td height="30" width="50%" align="left"><input type="input" name="data" size="30" value="111"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" height="30" align="center"> <input type="submit" name="Sub" value="测试"> <input type="reset" name="Res" value="重置"> </td> </tr> </table> </FORM> </body> </html>
基本post请求
POST /testupload/file_upload_javabean_do1.jsp HTTP/1.1 Accept: image/jpeg, application/x-ms-application, image/gif, application/xaml+xml, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */* Referer: http://127.0.0.1:1111/testupload/file_upload_javabean_form1.jsp?test=11123 Accept-Language: zh-Hans-CN,zh-Hans;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; Trident/6.0) Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Host: 127.0.0.1:1111 Content-Length: 32 Connection: Keep-Alive Cache-Control: no-cache Cookie: JSESSIONID=1rc5wzqgboec02hogbehpjs88 data=4321&Sub=%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 20 May 2014 15:02:20 GMT Content-Type: text/html;charset=UTF-8 Content-Length: 290 Server: Jetty(8.0.4.v20111024) <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <title>测试</title> </head> <body> <div>4321</div> </body> </html>
post上传文件
POST /testupload/file_upload_javabean_do.jsp HTTP/1.1 Accept: image/jpeg, application/x-ms-application, image/gif, application/xaml+xml, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */* Referer: http://127.0.0.1:1111/testupload/file_upload_javabean_form.jsp Accept-Language: zh-Hans-CN,zh-Hans;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3 User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; Trident/6.0) Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=---------------------------7de776203f0 Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate Host: 127.0.0.1:1111 Content-Length: 280 Connection: Keep-Alive Cache-Control: no-cache Cookie: JSESSIONID=1qnwmkj0juw6w1epld6xbloicx -----------------------------7de776203f0 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="file"; filename="111.txt" Content-Type: text/plain 12345 -----------------------------7de776203f0 Content-Disposition: form-data; name="Sub" 上传 -----------------------------7de776203f0-- HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 20 May 2014 14:47:06 GMT Set-Cookie: JSESSIONID=1rc5wzqgboec02hogbehpjs88;Path=/ Expires: Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT Content-Type: text/plain;charset=gb2312 Content-Length: 335 Server: Jetty(8.0.4.v20111024) <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312"> <title>上传文件</title> </head> <body> <h1 align=center>文件 <font color=red>111.txt</font> 上传成功!</h1> </body> </html>