【CentOS 7笔记27】，三种方法安装软件包之rpm安装#

shallow丿ove

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安装软件包的三种方法

• rpm工具
• yum工具
• 源码包

[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
[root@localhost ~]# cd /mnt/
[root@localhost mnt]# ls
	CentOS_BuildTag  EULA  images    LiveOS    repodata              RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-7
	EFI              GPL   isolinux  Packages  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7  TRANS.TBL
[root@localhost mnt]# cd Packages/
[root@localhost Packages]# ls
	#本地全部rpm包

rpm包格式：

包名-主版本号.次版本号.修正版本号-发布版本号-平台.rpm

常见的rpm工具使用方式

rpm -ivh zsh-*.rpm #安装可视化

rpm -Uxh zsh-*.rpm #升级可视化

rpm -qa #查询全部包

rpm -e 包名 #需安装先依赖包

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e ppp
	error: Failed dependencies:
		ppp = 2.4.5 is needed by (installed) NetworkManager-1:0.9.9.1-13.git20140326.4dba720.el7.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -e NetworkManager
	error: Failed dependencies:
		NetworkManager(x86-64) = 1:0.9.9.1-13.git20140326.4dba720.el7 is needed by (installed) NetworkManager-tui-1:0.9.9.1-13.git20140326.4dba720.el7.x86_64

rpm -q 包名 #查询是否安装

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q wget
	wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.x86_64
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -q vim
	package vim is not installed

rpm -qi 包名 #查询包信息

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qi wget
	Name        : wget
	Version     : 1.14
	Release     : 15.el7_4.1
	Architecture: x86_64
	Install Date: Tue 14 Nov 2017 05:59:46 AM CST
	Group       : Applications/Internet
	Size        : 2055533
	License     : GPLv3+
	Signature   : RSA/SHA256, Fri 27 Oct 2017 01:54:42 AM CST, Key ID 24c6a8a7f4a80eb5
	Source RPM  : wget-1.14-15.el7_4.1.src.rpm
	Build Date  : Fri 27 Oct 2017 12:50:51 AM CST
	Build Host  : c1bm.rdu2.centos.org
	Relocations : (not relocatable)
	Packager    : CentOS BuildSystem <http://bugs.centos.org>
	Vendor      : CentOS
	URL         : http://www.gnu.org/software/wget/
	Summary     : A utility for retrieving files using the HTTP or FTP protocols
	Description :
	GNU Wget is a file retrieval utility which can use either the HTTP or
	FTP protocols. Wget features include the ability to work in the
	background while you are logged out, recursive retrieval of
	directories, file name wildcard matching, remote file timestamp
	storage and comparison, use of Rest with FTP servers and Range with
	HTTP servers to retrieve files over slow or unstable connections,
	support for Proxy servers, and configurability.

rpm -ql 包名 #查询包会安装什么文件

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -ql wget
	/etc/wgetrc
	/usr/bin/wget
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/AUTHORS
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/COPYING
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/MAILING-LIST
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/NEWS
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/README
	/usr/share/doc/wget-1.14/sample.wgetrc
	/usr/share/info/wget.info.gz
	/usr/share/locale/be/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/bg/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/ca/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/cs/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/da/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/el/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/en_GB/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/eo/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/es/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/et/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/eu/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/fi/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/fr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/ga/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/he/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/hr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/hu/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/id/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/it/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/lt/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/nb/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/nl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/pl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/pt/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/pt_BR/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/ro/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/ru/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/sk/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/sl/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/vi/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/locale/zh_TW/LC_MESSAGES/wget.mo
	/usr/share/man/man1/wget.1.gz

rpm -qf 路径 #查询路径是由哪一个包安装的

[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/vi
	vim-minimal-7.4.160-1.el7.x86_64

[root@localhost Packages]# which ls
	alias ls='ls --color=auto'
		/usr/bin/ls
[root@localhost Packages]# rpm -qf `which ls | tail -1 | cut -f 2`
	coreutils-8.22-11.el7.x86_64