govendor用法

为何使用govendor

go语言的依赖管理最主要的是版本控制问题。
govendor是Golang的依赖包管理工具，它的出现能够避免不一样用户在clone同一个项目后从外部获取不一样依赖库版本的问题。
govendor会将项目须要的依赖包添加到项目的vendor目录下，而且该目录中vendor.json文件会保存添加的依赖包的路径等信息。
Golang项目中的go文件在查找依赖的顺序是，先在vendor中查找，vendor没找到而后在GOPATH中查找，都没找到最后在GOROOT中查找。
govendor只是用来管理项目的依赖包，若是GOPATH中自己没有项目的依赖包，则须要经过go get先下载到GOPATH中，再经过govendor add +external拷贝到vendor目录中。

基本用法

安装govendor：go get -u github.com/kardianos/govendor
若是须要使用vendor的项目本来没有vendor，那么须要在该项目的目录下建立vendor
govendor init
以后若是须要添加依赖包，能够经过如下两种方式添加
govendor fetch 依赖包路径
govendor add 依赖包路径

.gitignore的配置：

/vendor/*
!/vendor/vendor.json

根据vendor.json下载依赖：govendor sync

govendor用法例子：

cd path/to/project
govendor init
govendor fetch project_url_with_out_http
cat vendor/vendor.json

govendor经常使用命令

• 增长包，搜add，会获得add和fetch这2个命令。
• 更新包，搜update，会获得update和fetch这2个命令。
• 删除包，搜remove，获得remove这个命令。
• 查看已经依赖的包，搜list，获得list、status、license命令，而符合你的是list，而且知道了status能列出过时的包。

➜  project_name git:(develop) govendor --help
govendor (v1.0.9): record dependencies and copy into vendor folder
    -govendor-licenses    Show govendor's licenses.
    -version              Show govendor version
    -cpuprofile 'file'    Writes a CPU profile to 'file' for debugging.
    -memprofile 'file'    Writes a heap profile to 'file' for debugging.

Sub-Commands

    init     Create the "vendor" folder and the "vendor.json" file.
    list     List and filter existing dependencies and packages.
    add      Add packages from $GOPATH.
    update   Update packages from $GOPATH.
    remove   Remove packages from the vendor folder.
    status   Lists any packages missing, out-of-date, or modified locally.
    fetch    Add new or update vendor folder packages from remote repository.
    sync     Pull packages into vendor folder from remote repository with revisions
                 from vendor.json file.
    migrate  Move packages from a legacy tool to the vendor folder with metadata.
    get      Like "go get" but copies dependencies into a "vendor" folder.
    license  List discovered licenses for the given status or import paths.
    shell    Run a "shell" to make multiple sub-commands more efficient for large
                 projects.

    go tool commands that are wrapped:
      "+status" package selection may be used with them
    fmt, build, install, clean, test, vet, generate, tool

Status Types

    +local    (l) packages in your project
    +external (e) referenced packages in GOPATH but not in current project
    +vendor   (v) packages in the vendor folder
    +std      (s) packages in the standard library

    +excluded (x) external packages explicitly excluded from vendoring
    +unused   (u) packages in the vendor folder, but unused
    +missing  (m) referenced packages but not found

    +program  (p) package is a main package

    +outside  +external +missing
    +all      +all packages

    Status can be referenced by their initial letters.

Package specifier
    <path>[::<origin>][{/...|/^}][@[<version-spec>]]

Ignoring files with build tags, or excluding packages from being vendored:
    The "vendor.json" file contains a string field named "ignore".
    It may contain a space separated list of build tags to ignore when
    listing and copying files.
    This list may also contain package prefixes (containing a "/", possibly
    as last character) to exclude when copying files in the vendor folder.
    If "foo/" appears in this field, then package "foo" and all its sub-packages
    ("foo/bar", …) will be excluded (but package "bar/foo" will not).
    By default the init command adds the "test" tag to the ignore list.

If using go1.5, ensure GO15VENDOREXPERIMENT=1 is set.

命令	功能
init	初始化 vendor 目录
list	列出全部的依赖包
add	添加包到 vendor 目录，如 govendor add +external 添加全部外部包
add	PKG_PATH 添加指定的依赖包到 vendor 目录
update	从 $GOPATH 更新依赖包到 vendor 目录
remove	从 vendor 管理中删除依赖
status	列出全部缺失、过时和修改过的包
fetch	添加或更新包到本地 vendor 目录
sync	本地存在 vendor.json 时候拉去依赖包，匹配所记录的版本
get	相似 go get 目录，拉取依赖包到 vendor 目录