<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.2.4.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>cn.tedu</groupId> <artifactId>rabbitmq-springboot</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>rabbitmq-springboot</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId> <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId> <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
spring: rabbitmq: host: 192.168.64.140 username: admin password: admin
删除自动建立的主程序java
咱们为每种模式建立一个包,在每一个包中建立各自的主程序,单独测试.spring
Spring提供的Queue类,是队列的封装对象,它封装了队列的参数信息.apache
RabbitMQ的自动配置类,会发现这些Queue实例,并在RabbitMQ服务器中定义这些队列.api
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m1; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; @SpringBootApplication public class Main { @Autowired private Producer producer; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args); } @Bean public Queue helloworldQueue(){ /** * 可用如下形式: * new Queue("helloworld") - 默认属性:持久(true),非排他(false),非自动删除(false) * new Queue("helloworld",false,false,false,null) */ return new Queue("helloworld",false);//返回一个非持久队列 } /** *@PostConstruct 方法会被自动执行,spring扫描建立了全部对象,并完成全部注入操做后会执行 */ @PostConstruct public void test(){ producer.send(); System.out.println("消息已经发送"); } }
AmqpTemplate是rabbitmq客户端API的一个封装工具,提供了简便的方法来执行消息操做.springboot
AmqpTemplate由自动配置类自动建立服务器
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m1; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Producer { // 在RabbtiAutoConfiguration 自动配置类中建立的工具对象 @Autowired private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void send(){ amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("helloworld", "Hello world!"); } }
经过@RabbitListener
从指定的队列接收消息
使用@RebbitHandler
注解的方法来处理消息app
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m1; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component //@RabbitListener(queues = "helloworld")//这样使用须要用@RabbitHandler配合使用 public class Consumer { //@RabbitHandler//这样只能接收一个队列的消息,简单模式 @RabbitListener(queues = "helloworld")//这种用法能够写多个方法接收多个队列,工厂模式 public void receive(String msg){ System.out.println("收到: " + msg); } }
在主程序中建立名为task_queue
的持久队列dom
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m2; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; /** * 合理分发 * 1.手动ack - springboot整合后默认就是手动ack模式 * 消费者方法执行成功后,springboot会帮助发送回执 * 2.qos=1 - yml中配置prefetch * 持久化 * 1.队列持久化 * 2.消息持久化 - 默认是持久消息 */ @SpringBootApplication public class Main { @Autowired private Producer producer; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args); } @Bean public Queue taskQueue(){ /** * 可用如下形式: * new Queue("helloworld") - 默认属性:持久(true),非排他(false),非自动删除(false) * new Queue("helloworld",false,false,false,null) */ return new Queue("task_queue",true);//返回一个持久队列 } /** *@PostConstruct 方法会被自动执行,spring扫描建立了全部对象,并完成全部注入操做后会执行 */ @PostConstruct public void test(){ producer.send(); } }
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m2; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Scanner; @Component public class Producer { // 在RabbtiAutoConfiguration 自动配置类中建立的工具对象 @Autowired private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void send(){ // new Thread(new Runnable() { // @Override // public void run() { // // } // }).start(); // lambda.匿名内部类的简写 new Thread(() ->{ while (true){//用单独的线程执行,不要影响主线程 System.out.println("输入消息: "); String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine(); amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("task_queue",msg); } }).start(); } }
spring boot封装的 rabbitmq api 中, 发送的消息默认是持久化消息.
若是但愿发送非持久化消息, 须要在发送消息时作如下设置:异步
//若是须要设置消息为非持久化,能够取得消息的属性对象,修改它的deliveryMode属性 t.convertAndSend("task_queue", (Object) s, new MessagePostProcessor() { @Override public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException { MessageProperties props = message.getMessageProperties(); props.setDeliveryMode(MessageDeliveryMode.NON_PERSISTENT); return message; } });
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m2; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Consumer { @RabbitListener(queues = "task_queue") public void receive1(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg); } @RabbitListener(queues = "task_queue") public void receive2(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg); } }
在 spring boot 中提供了三种确认模式:maven
默认的 AUTO
模式中, 处理消息的方法抛出异常, 则表示消息没有被正确处理, 该消息会被从新发送.
spring: rabbitmq: listener: simple: # acknowledgeMode: NONE # rabbitmq的自动确认 acknowledgeMode: AUTO # rabbitmq的手动确认, springboot会自动发送确认回执 (默认) # acknowledgeMode: MANUAL # rabbitmq的手动确认, springboot不发送回执, 必须本身编码
若是设置为 MANUAL
模式,必须手动执行确认操做
@RabbitListener(queues="task_queue") public void receive1(String s, Channel c, @Header(name=AmqpHeaders.DELIVERY_TAG) long tag) throws Exception { System.out.println("receiver1 - 收到: "+s); // 手动发送确认回执 c.basicAck(tag, false); }
工做模式中, 为了合理地分发数据, 须要将 qos 设置成 1, 每次只接收一条消息, 处理完成后才接收下一条消息.
spring boot 中是经过 prefetch
属性进行设置, 改属性的默认值是 250.
spring: rabbitmq: listener: simple: prefetch: 1 # qos=1, 默认250
建立 FanoutExcnahge
实例, 封装 fanout
类型交换机定义信息.
spring boot 的自动配置类会自动发现交换机实例, 并在 RabbitMQ 服务器中定义该交换机.
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m3; import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; @SpringBootApplication public class Main { @Autowired private Producer producer; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args); } @Bean public FanoutExchange logsExchange(){ return new FanoutExchange("logs",false,false);//非持久,不自动删除 } @PostConstruct public void test(){ producer.send(); } }
生产者向指定的交换机 logs
发送数据.
不须要指定队列名或路由键, 即便指定也无效, 由于 fanout
交换机会向全部绑定的队列发送数据, 而不是有选择的发送.
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m3; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Scanner; @Component public class Producer { @Autowired private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void send(){ new Thread(() ->{ while (true){ System.out.println("输入消息: "); String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine(); amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("logs","",msg);//向交换机发送消息 } }).start(); } }
消费者须要执行如下操做:
spring boot 经过注解完成以上操做:
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( //这里进行绑定设置 value = @Queue, //这里定义随机队列,默认属性: 随机命名,非持久,排他,自动删除 exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs", declare = "false") //指定 logs 交换机,由于主程序中已经定义,这里不进行定义 ))
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m3; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Consumer { //1.建立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非持久,独占,自动删除队列 exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs",declare = "false")//交换机,declare表示不定义交换机,只是使用 )) public void receive1(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg); } //1.建立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非持久,独占,自动删除队列 exchange = @Exchange(name = "logs",declare = "false")//交换机,declare(false)表示不定义交换机,只是使用 )) public void receive2(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg); } }
与发布和订阅模式代码相似, 只是作如下三点调整:
direct
交换机主程序中使用 DirectExcnahge
对象封装交换机信息, spring boot 自动配置类会自动发现这个对象, 并在 RabbitMQ 服务器上定义这个交换机.
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m4; import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; @SpringBootApplication public class Main { @Autowired private Producer producer; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args); } @Bean public DirectExchange directExchange(){ return new DirectExchange("direct_logs",false,false);//非持久,不自动删除 } @PostConstruct public void test(){ producer.send(); } }
生产者向指定的交换机发送消息, 并指定路由键.
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m4; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Scanner; @Component public class Producer { @Autowired private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void send(){ new Thread(() ->{ while (true){ System.out.println("输入消息: "); String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine(); System.out.println("输入路由键: "); String key = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine(); amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("direct_logs",key,msg); } }).start(); } }
消费者经过注解来定义随机队列, 绑定到交换机, 并指定绑定键:
@RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( // 这里作绑定设置 value = @Queue, // 定义队列, 随机命名,非持久,排他,自动删除 exchange = @Exchange(name = "direct_logs", declare = "false"), // 指定绑定的交换机,主程序中已经定义过队列,这里不进行定义 key = {"error","info","warning"} // 设置绑定键 ))
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m4; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Consumer { //1.建立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非持久,独占,自动删除队列 exchange = @Exchange(name = "direct_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare表示不定义交换机,只是使用 key = {"error"} //设置绑定键 )) public void receive1(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg); } //1.建立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非持久,独占,自动删除队列 exchange = @Exchange(name = "direct_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare(false)表示不定义交换机,只是使用 key = {"error","info","warning"} //设置绑定键 )) public void receive2(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg); } }
主题模式不过是具备特殊规则的路由模式, 代码与路由模式基本相同, 只作以下调整:
topic
交换机package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m5; import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange; import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import javax.annotation.PostConstruct; @SpringBootApplication public class Main { @Autowired private Producer producer; public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args); } @Bean public TopicExchange directExchange(){ return new TopicExchange("topic_logs",false,false);//非持久,不自动删除 } @PostConstruct public void test(){ producer.send(); } }
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m5; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import java.util.Scanner; @Component public class Producer { @Autowired private AmqpTemplate amqpTemplate; public void send(){ new Thread(() ->{ while (true){ System.out.println("输入消息: "); String msg = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine(); System.out.println("输入路由键: "); String key = new Scanner(System.in).nextLine(); amqpTemplate.convertAndSend("topic_logs",key,msg); } }).start(); } }
package cn.tedu.rabbitmqspringboot.m5; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class Consumer { //1.建立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非持久,独占,自动删除队列 exchange = @Exchange(name = "topic_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare表示不定义交换机,只是使用 key = {"*.orange.*"} //设置绑定键 )) public void receive1(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者1-收到: " + msg); } //1.建立随机队列 2,指定交换机logs 3.绑定 @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding( value = @Queue(),//队列,随即名,非持久,独占,自动删除队列 exchange = @Exchange(name = "topic_logs",declare = "false"),//交换机,declare(false)表示不定义交换机,只是使用 key = {"*.*.rabbit","lazy.#"} //设置绑定键 )) public void receive2(String msg){ System.out.println("消费者2-收到: " + msg); } }
主程序中定义两个队列
rpc_queue
package cn.tedu.m6; import java.util.UUID; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; @SpringBootApplication public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args); } @Bean public Queue sendQueue() { return new Queue("rpc_queue",false); } @Bean public Queue rndQueue() { return new Queue(UUID.randomUUID().toString(), false); } }
从rpc_queue
接收调用数据, 执行运算求斐波那契数,并返回计算结果.@Rabbitlistener
注解对于具备返回值的方法:
replyTo
属性correlationId
属性replyTo
属性指定的队列发送计算结果, 并携带 correlationId
属性package cn.tedu.m6; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class RpcServer { @RabbitListener(queues = "rpc_queue") public long getFbnq(int n) { return f(n); } private long f(int n) { if (n==1 || n==2) { return 1; } return f(n-1) + f(n-2); } }
使用 SPEL 表达式获取随机队列名: "#{rndQueue.name}"
发送调用数据时, 携带随机队列名和correlationId
从随机队列接收调用结果, 并获取correlationId
package cn.tedu.m6; import java.util.UUID; import org.springframework.amqp.AmqpException; import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate; import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessagePostProcessor; import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties; import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener; import org.springframework.amqp.support.AmqpHeaders; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.Header; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component public class RpcClient { @Autowired AmqpTemplate t; @Value("#{rndQueue.name}") String rndQueue; public void send(int n) { // 发送调用信息时, 经过前置消息处理器, 对消息属性进行设置, 添加返回队列名和关联id t.convertAndSend("rpc_queue", (Object)n, new MessagePostProcessor() { @Override public Message postProcessMessage(Message message) throws AmqpException { MessageProperties p = message.getMessageProperties(); p.setReplyTo(rndQueue); p.setCorrelationId(UUID.randomUUID().toString()); return message; } }); } //从随机队列接收计算结果 @RabbitListener(queues = "#{rndQueue.name}") public void receive(long r, @Header(name=AmqpHeaders.CORRELATION_ID) String correlationId) { System.out.println("nn"+correlationId+" - 收到: "+r); } }