ElasticSearch 数据操做
1.插入数据
URL规则：spa
POST /{索引}/{类型}/{ID}rest
ID:能够不传递，有则使用替代系统的_id，没有则系统生成_id。code
1.1 指定ID
数据：blog
POST /haoke/user/1001
{
"id":1001,
"name":"张三",
"age":20,
"sex":"男"
}
响应：索引
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_version": 1,#版本信息
"result": "created", #结果
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 0,
"_primary_term": 1
}
1.2 不指定id插入数据：
POST /haoke/user
{
"name":"李四",
"age":23,
"sex":"男"
}
响应：ip
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"_version": 1,
"result": "created",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 1,
"_primary_term": 1
}
说明：非结构化的索引，不须要事先建立，直接插入数据默认建立索引。ci
2.更新数据
2.1 覆盖更新
在Elasticsearch中，文档数据是不可修改的，可是能够经过覆盖的方式进行更新。文档
PUT /haoke/user/1001
{
"id":1001,
"name":"张三",
"age":21,
"sex":"女"
}
更新结果以下：it
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 2, #版本进行了+1
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 2,
"_primary_term": 2
}
注意 _version 增长了1io
2.2 局部更新数据
原理
在内部，依然会查询到这个文档数据，而后进行覆盖操做，步骤以下：
1. 从旧文档中检索JSON
2. 修改它
3. 删除旧文档
4. 索引新文档
示例
#注意：这里多了_update标识
POST /haoke/user/1001/_update
{
"doc":{
"age":23
}
}
结果
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 3,
"result": "updated",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 2
}
4.删除数据
只需发起DELETE请求便可
DELETE /haoke/user/e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"_version": 2,
"result": "deleted",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 4,
"_primary_term": 2
}
状态 "result": "deleted",
再次请求
GET /haoke/user/e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"found": false
}
注意，result表示已经删除，version 也会加1
删除不存在的数据会返回 result: not_found
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "e3bPeXUBg0sTC8c2CssI",
"_version": 1,
"result": "not_found",
"_shards": {
"total": 1,
"successful": 1,
"failed": 0
},
"_seq_no": 5,
"_primary_term": 2
}
说明：
删除一个文档也不会当即从磁盘上移除，它只是被标记成已删除。Elasticsearch将会在你以后添加更多索引的
时候才会在后台进行删除内容的清理
5.搜索数据
5.1 根据id搜索数据
GET /haoke/user/1001
#返回结果
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_version": 3,
"_seq_no": 3,
"_primary_term": 2,
"found": true,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "张三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
}
5.2 查询所有数据
默认返回10条数据
GET /haoke/user/_search
#返回结果
{
"took": 2,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 2,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}, {
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "张三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
}]
}
}
5.3 根据关键字搜索数据
GET /haoke/user/_search?q=age:20
#返回结果
{
"took": 34,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}]
}
}
6.DSL搜索
Elasticsearch提供丰富且灵活的查询语言叫作DSL查询(Query DSL),它容许你构建更加复杂、强大的查询。
DSL(Domain Specific Language特定领域语言)以JSON请求体的形式出现。
6.1 示例1：年龄等于20
POST /haoke/user/_search
#请求体
{
"query" : {
"match" : {
"age" : 20
}
}
}
#响应
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 1,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}]
}
}
6.2. 示例2：查询年龄大于10岁的男性用户
POST /haoke/user/_search
#查询结构体
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"filter": {
"range": {
"age": {
"gt": 10
}
}
},
"must": {
"match": {
"sex": "男"
}
}
}
}
}
#返回结构
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 0.4700036,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 0.4700036,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "uVMLg3UBapAzpGN_EqoA",
"_score": 0.4700036,
"_source": {
"id": 1004,
"name": "王五",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 0.2876821,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}
]
}
}
filter: 过滤
must:匹配
6.3 全文搜索
POST /haoke/user/_search
# 查询体
{
"query":{
"match":{
"name":"张三 李四"
}
}
}
# 返回
{
"took": 7,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.9616582,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "张三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}
]
}
}
7.高亮显示
在query下面增长 highlight
POST /haoke/user/_search
#查询结构
{
"query": {
"match": {
"name": "张三 李四"
}
},
"highlight": {
"fields": {
"name": {}
}
}
}
#返回
{
"took": 55,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 3,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.9616582,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
},
"highlight": {
"name": [
"<em>张</em><em>三</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "张三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
},
"highlight": {
"name": [
"<em>张</em><em>三</em>"
]
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 1.9616582,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
},
"highlight": {
"name": [
"<em>李</em><em>四</em>"
]
}
}
]
}
}
8.聚合
在Elasticsearch中，支持聚合操做，相似SQL中的group by操做
POST /haoke/user/_search
#查询
{
"aggs": {
"all_interests": {
"terms": {
"field": "age"
}
}
}
}
#返回
{
"took": 19,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 2,
"successful": 2,
"skipped": 0,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": {
"value": 6,
"relation": "eq"
},
"max_score": 1.0,
"hits": [
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1002",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1002,
"name": "张三",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "wFMMg3UBapAzpGN_9aoN",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1005,
"name": "赵六",
"age": 32,
"sex": "女"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "w1MNg3UBapAzpGN_j6qI",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1005,
"name": "孙七",
"age": 33,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "1001",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1001,
"name": "张三",
"age": 23,
"sex": "女"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "s1MIg3UBapAzpGN_aapD",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1003,
"name": "李四",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
},
{
"_index": "haoke",
"_type": "user",
"_id": "uVMLg3UBapAzpGN_EqoA",
"_score": 1.0,
"_source": {
"id": 1004,
"name": "王五",
"age": 20,
"sex": "男"
}
}
]
},
"aggregations": {
"all_interests": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": 20,
"doc_count": 3
},
{
"key": 23,
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": 32,
"doc_count": 1
},
{
"key": 33,
"doc_count": 1
}
]
}
}
}
年龄 20有3条，23有1条...