mysql-5.6.14免编译安装和用户管理

MySQL的安装方式有rpm、源码编译安装，这边文章将演示免编译安装
1、安装配置

1.建立mysql用户并解压mysql安装包
[root@mysql local]# groupadd -r mysql 
[root@mysql local]# useradd -g mysql -r -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql 
[root@mysql local]# tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/ 
[root@mysql local]# cd /usr/local/ 
[root@mysql local]# ln -sv mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 mysql 
[root@mysql local]# chown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/

2.新建文件夹存放mysql的数据文件，最好放到一个独立的分区上，我这里就直接放在/下面了
[root@mysql local]# mkdir -p /mysql/data 
[root@mysql local]# chown -R mysql:mysql !$

3.开始初始化数据库
[root@mysql media]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/ 
[root@mysql scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data/ 
WARNING: The host 'mysql' could not be looked up with /usr/local/mysql/bin/resolveip. 
This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible 
with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work 
normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work. 
This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames 
when specifying MySQL privileges ! 
Installing MySQL system tables.../usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory 
#由于个人linux是最小化安装的，这里报错缺乏共享库文件，不要紧，咱们安装一下就能够了。 
[root@mysql scripts]# yum install -y libaio 
[root@mysql scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/mysql/data/ 
#此次执行就成功了

4. 修改PATH变量
[root@mysql scripts]#vim /etc/profile 
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
#最后增长这一行 
[root@mysql scripts]# . !$

5. 修改MANPATH让man命令能够找到mysql的帮助文档
[root@mysql scripts]#vim /etc/man.config 
MANPATH /usr/local/mysql/man/
#增长这一行

6. 添加库文件路径
[root@mysql scripts]#vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql-x86_64.conf 
/usr/local/mysql/lib            #增长这一行 
[root@mysql scripts]#ldconfig -v

7. 添加头文件路径
[root@mysql scripts]#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include /usr/include/mysql 
`/usr/include/mysql' -> `/usr/local/mysql/include'

8. 修改mysql的属主为root
[root@mysql local]# chown -R root mysql-5.6.14-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/

9. 修改配置文件
[root@mysql mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf 
[mysqld] 
datadir=/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock 
user=mysql 
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks 
symbolic-links=0 
[mysqld_safe] 
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log 
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid 
[root@mysql mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

10.设置开机自动启动
[root@mysql mysql]# chkconfig --add mysqld 
[root@mysql mysql]# chkconfig --list mysqld 
mysqld          0:off  1:off  2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

2、用户管理
mysql的用户是以‘user’@‘host’组成的，当host变成%时，表明主机能够是任意主机。

1.修改root密码
第一种方法：
# mysqladmin -u root password ’new-password’ 
# mysqladmin -u root -h this_host_name password ’new-password’

第二种方法
mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('new-password'); 
mysql> select host,user,password from mysql.user; 
mysql> flush privileges;

第三种方法：
mysql> update mysql.user set password = PASSWORD('new-password') where host='localhost'; 
mysql> flush privileges;

2.删除匿名用户
mysql> drop user ''@localhost; 
mysql> drop user ''@mysql;

3.建立用户
mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'user01'@'localhost' identified by 'mysql';

连接数据库时出现错误

    [root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

由于系统启动时生成的本机通讯套接字在/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock，而默认的是在/tmp/mysql.sock

客户端在/tmp/mysql.sock中找不到套接字文件故会出现此错误

能够把/etc/my.cnf修改成下面的形式

    注：主要是针对socket的修改

[client]

port    = 3306

socket  = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

port    = 3306

datadir=/data/mydata

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

user=mysql

symbolic-links=0

skip_name_resolve

# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks

symbolic-links=0

[mysqld_safe]

log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log

pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid

原文地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2014-03/97657.htm