Tapable
简介webpack
本质上是一种事件流的机制,它的工做流程就是将各个插件串联起来,而实现这一切的核心就是Tapable
,webpack
中最核心的负责编译的Compiler
和负责建立bundles的Compilation
都是Tapable
的实例。本文主要介绍一下Tapable中的钩子函数。javascript
tapable包暴露出不少钩子类,这些类能够用来为插件建立钩子函数,主要包含如下几种:java
const {
SyncHook,
SyncBailHook,
SyncWaterfallHook,
SyncLoopHook,
AsyncParallelHook,
AsyncParallelBailHook,
AsyncSeriesHook,
AsyncSeriesBailHook,
AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook
} = require("tapable");
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全部钩子类的构造函数都接收一个可选的参数,这个参数是一个由字符串参数组成的数组,以下:webpack
const hook = new SyncHook(["arg1", "arg2", "arg3"]);
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下面咱们就详细介绍一下钩子的用法,以及一些钩子类实现的原理。web
经常使用的钩子主要包含如下几种,分为同步和异步,异步又分为并发执行和串行执行,以下图: 数组
序号 | 钩子名称 | 执行方式 | 使用要点 |
---|---|---|---|
1 | SyncHook | 同步串行 | 不关心监听函数的返回值 |
2 | SyncBailHook | 同步串行 | 只要监听函数中有一个函数的返回值不为 null ,则跳过剩下全部的逻辑 |
3 | SyncWaterfallHook | 同步串行 | 上一个监听函数的返回值能够传给下一个监听函数 |
4 | SyncLoopHook | 同步循环 | 当监听函数被触发的时候,若是该监听函数返回true 时则这个监听函数会反复执行,若是返回 undefined 则表示退出循环 |
5 | AsyncParallelHook | 异步并发 | 不关心监听函数的返回值 |
6 | AsyncParallelBailHook | 异步并发 | 只要监听函数的返回值不为 null ,就会忽略后面的监听函数执行,直接跳跃到callAsync 等触发函数绑定的回调函数,而后执行这个被绑定的回调函数 |
7 | AsyncSeriesHook | 异步串行 | 不关系callback() 的参数 |
8 | AsyncSeriesBailHook | 异步串行 | callback() 的参数不为null ,就会直接执行callAsync 等触发函数绑定的回调函数 |
9 | AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook | 异步串行 | 上一个监听函数的中的callback(err, data) 的第二个参数,能够做为下一个监听函数的参数 |
SyncHook
不关心监听函数的返回值promise
const { SyncHook } = require("tapable");
let queue = new SyncHook(['name']); //全部的构造函数都接收一个可选的参数,这个参数是一个字符串的数组。
// 订阅
queue.tap('1', function (name, name2) {// tap 的第一个参数是用来标识订阅的函数的
console.log(name, name2, 1);
return '1'
});
queue.tap('2', function (name) {
console.log(name, 2);
});
queue.tap('3', function (name) {
console.log(name, 3);
});
// 发布
queue.call('webpack', 'webpack-cli');// 发布的时候触发订阅的函数 同时传入参数
// 执行结果:
/* webpack undefined 1 // 传入的参数须要和new实例的时候保持一致,不然获取不到多传的参数 webpack 2 webpack 3 */
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class SyncHook_MY{
constructor(){
this.hooks = [];
}
// 订阅
tap(name, fn){
this.hooks.push(fn);
}
// 发布
call(){
this.hooks.forEach(hook => hook(...arguments));
}
}
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SyncBailHook
只要监听函数中有一个函数的返回值不为 null
,则跳过剩下全部的逻辑bash
const {
SyncBailHook
} = require("tapable");
let queue = new SyncBailHook(['name']);
queue.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(name, 1);
});
queue.tap('2', function (name) {
console.log(name, 2);
return 'wrong'
});
queue.tap('3', function (name) {
console.log(name, 3);
});
queue.call('webpack');
// 执行结果:
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 */
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class SyncBailHook_MY {
constructor() {
this.hooks = [];
}
// 订阅
tap(name, fn) {
this.hooks.push(fn);
}
// 发布
call() {
for (let i = 0, l = this.hooks.length; i < l; i++) {
let hook = this.hooks[i];
let result = hook(...arguments);
if (result) {
break;
}
}
}
}
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SyncWaterfallHook
上一个监听函数的返回值能够传给下一个监听函数并发
const {
SyncWaterfallHook
} = require("tapable");
let queue = new SyncWaterfallHook(['name']);
// 上一个函数的返回值能够传给下一个函数
queue.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(name, 1);
return 1;
});
queue.tap('2', function (data) {
console.log(data, 2);
return 2;
});
queue.tap('3', function (data) {
console.log(data, 3);
});
queue.call('webpack');
// 执行结果:
/*
webpack 1
1 2
2 3
*/
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class SyncWaterfallHook_MY{
constructor(){
this.hooks = [];
}
// 订阅
tap(name, fn){
this.hooks.push(fn);
}
// 发布
call(){
let result = null;
for(let i = 0, l = this.hooks.length; i < l; i++) {
let hook = this.hooks[i];
result = i == 0 ? hook(...arguments): hook(result);
}
}
}
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SyncLoopHook
当监听函数被触发的时候,若是该监听函数返回true
时则这个监听函数会反复执行,若是返回 undefined
则表示退出循环异步
const {
SyncLoopHook
} = require("tapable");
let queue = new SyncLoopHook(['name']);
let count = 3;
queue.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log('count: ', count--);
if (count > 0) {
return true;
}
return;
});
queue.call('webpack');
// 执行结果:
/* count: 3 count: 2 count: 1 */
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class SyncLoopHook_MY {
constructor() {
this.hook = null;
}
// 订阅
tap(name, fn) {
this.hook = fn;
}
// 发布
call() {
let result;
do {
result = this.hook(...arguments);
} while (result)
}
}
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AsyncParallelHook
不关心监听函数的返回值。async
有三种注册/发布的模式,以下:
异步订阅 | 调用方法 |
---|---|
tap | callAsync |
tapAsync | callAsync |
tapPromise | promise |
const {
AsyncParallelHook
} = require("tapable");
let queue1 = new AsyncParallelHook(['name']);
console.time('cost');
queue1.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(name, 1);
});
queue1.tap('2', function (name) {
console.log(name, 2);
});
queue1.tap('3', function (name) {
console.log(name, 3);
});
queue1.callAsync('webpack', err => {
console.timeEnd('cost');
});
// 执行结果
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 webpack 3 cost: 4.520ms */
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let queue2 = new AsyncParallelHook(['name']);
console.time('cost1');
queue2.tapAsync('1', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 1);
cb();
}, 1000);
});
queue2.tapAsync('2', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 2);
cb();
}, 2000);
});
queue2.tapAsync('3', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 3);
cb();
}, 3000);
});
queue2.callAsync('webpack', () => {
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost1');
});
// 执行结果
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 webpack 3 over time: 3004.411ms */
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let queue3 = new AsyncParallelHook(['name']);
console.time('cost3');
queue3.tapPromise('1', function (name, cb) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 1);
resolve();
}, 1000);
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('1', function (name, cb) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 2);
resolve();
}, 2000);
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('1', function (name, cb) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 3);
resolve();
}, 3000);
});
});
queue3.promise('webpack')
.then(() => {
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost3');
}, () => {
console.log('error');
console.timeEnd('cost3');
});
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 webpack 3 over cost3: 3007.925ms */
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AsyncParallelBailHook
只要监听函数的返回值不为 null
,就会忽略后面的监听函数执行,直接跳跃到callAsync
等触发函数绑定的回调函数,而后执行这个被绑定的回调函数。
let queue1 = new AsyncParallelBailHook(['name']);
console.time('cost');
queue1.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(name, 1);
});
queue1.tap('2', function (name) {
console.log(name, 2);
return 'wrong'
});
queue1.tap('3', function (name) {
console.log(name, 3);
});
queue1.callAsync('webpack', err => {
console.timeEnd('cost');
});
// 执行结果:
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 cost: 4.975ms */
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let queue2 = new AsyncParallelBailHook(['name']);
console.time('cost1');
queue2.tapAsync('1', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 1);
cb();
}, 1000);
});
queue2.tapAsync('2', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 2);
return 'wrong';// 最后的回调就不会调用了
cb();
}, 2000);
});
queue2.tapAsync('3', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 3);
cb();
}, 3000);
});
queue2.callAsync('webpack', () => {
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost1');
});
// 执行结果:
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 webpack 3 */
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let queue3 = new AsyncParallelBailHook(['name']);
console.time('cost3');
queue3.tapPromise('1', function (name, cb) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 1);
resolve();
}, 1000);
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('2', function (name, cb) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 2);
reject('wrong');// reject()的参数是一个不为null的参数时,最后的回调就不会再调用了
}, 2000);
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('3', function (name, cb) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 3);
resolve();
}, 3000);
});
});
queue3.promise('webpack')
.then(() => {
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost3');
}, () => {
console.log('error');
console.timeEnd('cost3');
});
// 执行结果:
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 error cost3: 2009.970ms webpack 3 */
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AsyncSeriesHook
不关系callback()
的参数
const {
AsyncSeriesHook
} = require("tapable");
// tap
let queue1 = new AsyncSeriesHook(['name']);
console.time('cost1');
queue1.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(1);
return "Wrong";
});
queue1.tap('2', function (name) {
console.log(2);
});
queue1.tap('3', function (name) {
console.log(3);
});
queue1.callAsync('zfpx', err => {
console.log(err);
console.timeEnd('cost1');
});
// 执行结果
/* 1 2 3 undefined cost1: 3.933ms */
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let queue2 = new AsyncSeriesHook(['name']);
console.time('cost2');
queue2.tapAsync('1', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 1);
cb();
}, 1000);
});
queue2.tapAsync('2', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 2);
cb();
}, 2000);
});
queue2.tapAsync('3', function (name, cb) {
setTimeout(() => {
console.log(name, 3);
cb();
}, 3000);
});
queue2.callAsync('webpack', (err) => {
console.log(err);
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost2');
});
// 执行结果
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 webpack 3 undefined over cost2: 6019.621ms */
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let queue3 = new AsyncSeriesHook(['name']);
console.time('cost3');
queue3.tapPromise('1',function(name){
return new Promise(function(resolve){
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(name, 1);
resolve();
},1000)
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('2',function(name,callback){
return new Promise(function(resolve){
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(name, 2);
resolve();
},2000)
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('3',function(name,callback){
return new Promise(function(resolve){
setTimeout(function(){
console.log(name, 3);
resolve();
},3000)
});
});
queue3.promise('webapck').then(err=>{
console.log(err);
console.timeEnd('cost3');
});
// 执行结果
/* webapck 1 webapck 2 webapck 3 undefined cost3: 6021.817ms */
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class AsyncSeriesHook_MY {
constructor() {
this.hooks = [];
}
tapAsync(name, fn) {
this.hooks.push(fn);
}
callAsync() {
var slef = this;
var args = Array.from(arguments);
let done = args.pop();
let idx = 0;
function next(err) {
// 若是next的参数有值,就直接跳跃到 执行callAsync的回调函数
if (err) return done(err);
let fn = slef.hooks[idx++];
fn ? fn(...args, next) : done();
}
next();
}
}
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AsyncSeriesBailHook
callback()
的参数不为null
,就会直接执行callAsync
等触发函数绑定的回调函数
const {
AsyncSeriesBailHook
} = require("tapable");
// tap
let queue1 = new AsyncSeriesBailHook(['name']);
console.time('cost1');
queue1.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(1);
return "Wrong";
});
queue1.tap('2', function (name) {
console.log(2);
});
queue1.tap('3', function (name) {
console.log(3);
});
queue1.callAsync('webpack', err => {
console.log(err);
console.timeEnd('cost1');
});
// 执行结果:
/* 1 null cost1: 3.979ms */
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let queue2 = new AsyncSeriesBailHook(['name']);
console.time('cost2');
queue2.tapAsync('1', function (name, callback) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log(name, 1);
callback();
}, 1000)
});
queue2.tapAsync('2', function (name, callback) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log(name, 2);
callback('wrong');
}, 2000)
});
queue2.tapAsync('3', function (name, callback) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log(name, 3);
callback();
}, 3000)
});
queue2.callAsync('webpack', err => {
console.log(err);
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost2');
});
// 执行结果
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 wrong over cost2: 3014.616ms */
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let queue3 = new AsyncSeriesBailHook(['name']);
console.time('cost3');
queue3.tapPromise('1', function (name) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log(name, 1);
resolve();
}, 1000)
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('2', function (name, callback) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log(name, 2);
reject();
}, 2000)
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('3', function (name, callback) {
return new Promise(function (resolve) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log(name, 3);
resolve();
}, 3000)
});
});
queue3.promise('webpack').then(err => {
console.log(err);
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost3');
}, err => {
console.log(err);
console.log('error');
console.timeEnd('cost3');
});
// 执行结果:
/* webpack 1 webpack 2 undefined error cost3: 3017.608ms */
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AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook
上一个监听函数的中的callback(err, data)
的第二个参数,能够做为下一个监听函数的参数
const {
AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook
} = require("tapable");
// tap
let queue1 = new AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook(['name']);
console.time('cost1');
queue1.tap('1', function (name) {
console.log(name, 1);
return 'lily'
});
queue1.tap('2', function (data) {
console.log(2, data);
return 'Tom';
});
queue1.tap('3', function (data) {
console.log(3, data);
});
queue1.callAsync('webpack', err => {
console.log(err);
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost1');
});
// 执行结果:
/*
webpack 1
2 'lily'
3 'Tom'
null
over
cost1: 5.525ms
*/
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let queue2 = new AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook(['name']);
console.time('cost2');
queue2.tapAsync('1', function (name, callback) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('1: ', name);
callback(null, 2);
}, 1000)
});
queue2.tapAsync('2', function (data, callback) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('2: ', data);
callback(null, 3);
}, 2000)
});
queue2.tapAsync('3', function (data, callback) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('3: ', data);
callback(null, 3);
}, 3000)
});
queue2.callAsync('webpack', err => {
console.log(err);
console.log('over');
console.timeEnd('cost2');
});
// 执行结果:
/* 1: webpack 2: 2 3: 3 null over cost2: 6016.889ms */
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let queue3 = new AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook(['name']);
console.time('cost3');
queue3.tapPromise('1', function (name) {
return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('1:', name);
resolve('1');
}, 1000)
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('2', function (data, callback) {
return new Promise(function (resolve) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('2:', data);
resolve('2');
}, 2000)
});
});
queue3.tapPromise('3', function (data, callback) {
return new Promise(function (resolve) {
setTimeout(function () {
console.log('3:', data);
resolve('over');
}, 3000)
});
});
queue3.promise('webpack').then(err => {
console.log(err);
console.timeEnd('cost3');
}, err => {
console.log(err);
console.timeEnd('cost3');
});
// 执行结果:
/* 1: webpack 2: 1 3: 2 over cost3: 6016.703ms */
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class AsyncSeriesWaterfallHook_MY {
constructor() {
this.hooks = [];
}
tapAsync(name, fn) {
this.hooks.push(fn);
}
callAsync() {
let self = this;
var args = Array.from(arguments);
let done = args.pop();
console.log(args);
let idx = 0;
let result = null;
function next(err, data) {
if (idx >= self.hooks.length) return done();
if (err) {
return done(err);
}
let fn = self.hooks[idx++];
if (idx == 1) {
fn(...args, next);
} else {
fn(data, next);
}
}
next();
}
}
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