19. vue的原理

时间 2019-12-01

标签 vue 原理繁體版

原文原文链接

vue:原理1 => Object.defineProperty

当你把一个普通的 JavaScript 对象传给 Vue 实例的 data 选项，Vue 将遍历此对象全部的属性，并使用 Object.defineProperty 把这些属性所有转为 getter/setter。css

https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Object/definePropertyhtml

creat对象

let obj1 = {};
//定义对象 Object.create(null)
//包含 Object类里的的默认方法 new Object();vue

let obj2 = Object.create(null);
//建立真正的空对象 {里面生命都没有}node

exp:react

<script>

let obj1 = {};
//定义对象  Object.create(null)
//包含 Object类里的的默认方法  new Object();

let obj2 = Object.create(null);     
//建立真正的空对象 {里面生命都没有}

console.log(1,obj1);
console.log(2,obj2);

</script>

res:

exp:
//定义对象 Object.create(null/obj)git

let p1 = new Person("张三",18);
let p2 = Object.create(p1); ///至关于继承本身身上没有任何属性github

<script>
//定义对象  Object.create(null/obj)
class Person{
    constructor(name,age){
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    getName(){
        return this.name;
    }
    getAge(){
        return this.age;
    }
}
class Worker extends Person{

}
let p1 = new Person("张三",18); 
let p2 = Object.create(p1); ///至关于继承  本身身上没有任何属性

console.log(1,p1);
console.log(2,p2);
console.log(3,new Worker("aaa",10));

console.log("------------------------------------");

console.log(2,p2,p2.name,p2.age,p2.getName,p2.getAge);
</script>

res:
vuex

语法：

Object.defineProperty(对象, 属性, 描述对象options)vue-cli

description、options:npm

value 初始化值
writable 是否能够修改
enumerable 是否能够枚举(循环、遍历)
configurable 是否能够配置删除
get 获取数据时触发
set 设置,更改数据时触发

Object.defineProperty(obj,"name",{
    value:"abc",  初始化值
    writable:true, 是否能够修改
    enumerable:true,  是否能够枚举(循环、遍历)
    configurable:true, 是否能够配置 删除
});

默认状况下:
value:默认值 undefined
writable/enumerable/configurable都是false

exp1:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>Page Title</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<script>
//函数必须有三个参   
//Object.defineProperty(对象, 属性, 描述对象options)
//做用 ： 用来定义和修改以及监听对象的属性变化的

let obj = {a:1,b:2};

Object.defineProperty(obj,"name",{
    value:"abc",
});

//修改
obj.name = "ccc";
//获取
console.log(obj); //{a: 1, b: 2, name: "abc"}
console.log(obj.name);//abc

console.log("------循环 for in --");
for(let name in obj){
    console.log(name + ":" + obj[name]);
}//a:1
 //b:2

console.log("------循环 Object.keys--");
console.log(Object.keys(obj));//["a", "b"]
console.log(Object.values(obj));//[1, 2]
console.log("------删除 --");
delete obj.name;
console.log(obj.name);//abc

</script>
</head>
<body>

</body>
</html>

res:

exp2:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<title>Page Title</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<script>
//函数必须有三个参
//Object.defineProperty(对象, 属性, 描述对象options)
//做用 ： 用来定义和修改以及监听对象的属性变化的

let obj = {a:1,b:2};

Object.defineProperty(obj,"name",{
    value:"abc",
    writable:true,
    enumerable:true,
    configurable:true,
});

//修改
obj.name = "ccc";
//获取
console.log(obj);//{a: 1, b: 2, name: "ccc"}
console.log(obj.name);//ccc

console.log("------循环 for in --");
for(let name in obj){
    console.log(name + ":" + obj[name]);
}//a:1
//b:2
//name:ccc
console.log("------循环 Object.keys--");
console.log(Object.keys(obj));//["a", "b", "name"]
console.log(Object.values(obj));//[1, 2, "ccc"]
console.log("------删除 --");
delete obj.name;
console.log(obj.name);//undefined
console.log(obj);//{a: 1, b: 2}

</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>

exp3:

<script>
//函数必须有三个参  
//Object.defineProperty(对象, 属性, 描述对象options)
//做用 ： 用来定义和修改以及监听对象的属性变化的

let obj = {a:1,b:2};

//get/set  ---> value/writable
Object.defineProperty(obj,"name",{
    //value:"abc",
    get(){
        console.log("有人来访问了");
        return "abc";
    },
    set(value){
        console.log("有人来修改了"+value);
    },
    //writable:true,
    enumerable:true,
    configurable:true,
});

//获取
console.log(1,obj.name, "name" in obj);
//有人来访问了 //1 "abc" true
console.log(2,obj);
//修改 设置
obj.name = 1;//有人来修改了1

console.log("------循环 for in --");
for(let name in obj){
    console.log(name + ":" + obj[name]);
}//a:1
 //b:2
 //有人来访问了
 //name:abc

console.log("------循环 Object.keys--");
console.log(Object.keys(obj));
//["a", "b", "name"] //有人来访问了
console.log(Object.values(obj));//[1, 2, "abc"]
console.log("------删除 --");
delete obj.name;
console.log(obj.name,"name" in obj);//undefined false
console.log(obj);
</script>

res:

exp4:

<script>
//函数必须有三个参  
//Object.defineProperty(对象, 属性, 描述对象options)
//做用 ： 用来定义和修改以及监听对象的属性变化的

let obj = {a:1,b:2};

//get/set  ---> value/writable
let initValue = "数据初始化";
Object.defineProperty(obj,"name",{
    //value:"abc",
    get(){
        console.log("get");
        return initValue;
    },
    set(value){
        initValue = value;
        console.log("set");
    },
    //writable:true,
    enumerable:true,
    configurable:true,
});

//获取
console.log("修改前");
console.log(1,obj.name, "name" in obj);//get //1 数据初始化 true
console.log(2,obj); //{a:1,b:2}
//修改 设置
obj.name = 1;//set
console.log("修改后");
console.log(1,obj.name, "name" in obj);//1 true
console.log(2,obj);//{a:1,b:2,name:1}
</script>

res:

exp5:
模仿vue

<script>
//函数必须有三个参  
//Object.defineProperty(对象, 属性, 描述对象options)
//做用 ： 用来定义和修改以及监听对象的属性变化的

let data = {a:1,b:2};

//Vue:defineReactive

function observer(data){
    //[a,b]
    Object.keys(data).forEach(function(key){
        let initValue = "";
        Object.defineProperty(data,key,{
            get(){ 
                return initValue;
            },
            set(value){ 
                initValue = value;
                document.body.innerHTML  = value;
            },
            enumerable:true,
            configurable:true,
        });
    })
}

observer(data);
document.onclick = function(){
    //document.body.innerHTML = 12;

    data.a = 12;
    console.log(data)
}
</script>

vue:原理2 => vue3 代理 ==proxy==

一切操做都走代理对象！

let proxy = new Proxy(须要代理的对obj,代理处理的功能{
            get(target,key,proxy){}
            set(target,key,value,proxy){}
            has(target,key){}
            deleteProperty(target,key){}
});

exp1:

<script>
//proxy - 监听 Object.observe()

let data = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}
let proxy = new Proxy(data,{
    get(){
        console.log("有人来get");
    },
    set(){
        console.log("有人来set");
    }
});

proxy.a;//有人来get
proxy.a = 12;//有人来set
</script>

exp2:

<script>
//proxy - 监听 Object.observe()
let data = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}

let proxy = new Proxy(data,{
    get(target,key,proxy){
        //console.log("get",target == data,key,proxy);

        ///console.log("get this",this);
        return target[key]; 
    },
    set(target,key,value,proxy){
        console.log("set",target,key,value,proxy);

        target[key] = value;
    }
});
//设置
proxy.a = 12;
//获取
console.log("获取:",proxy.a);
</script><script>
//proxy - 监听 Object.observe()

let data = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}

let proxy = new Proxy(data,{
    get(target,key,proxy){
        //console.log("get",target == data,key,proxy);

        ///console.log("get this",this);
        return target[key]; 
    },
    set(target,key,value,proxy){
        console.log("set",target,key,value,proxy);

        target[key] = value;
    }
});


//设置
proxy.a = 12;//set {a: 1, b: 2}, a ,12 , proxy{a: 1, b: 2}

//获取
console.log("获取:",proxy.a);//获取:12
</script>

exp3:

<script>
//proxy - 监听 Object.observe()

let data = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}

let proxy = new Proxy(data,{
    get(target,key,proxy){
        //console.log("get",target == data,key,proxy);

        ///console.log("get this",this);
        return target[key]; 
    },
    set(target,key,value,proxy){
        console.log("set",target,key,value,proxy);

        target[key] = value;
    }
});


//设置
proxy.a = 12;//set {a: 1, b: 2}, a ,12 , proxy{a: 1, b: 2}

//获取
console.log("获取:",proxy.a);//获取:12
</script>

模拟报错:

<script>
//proxy - 监听 Object.observe()

let data = {
    a:1,
    b:2
}
let proxy = new Proxy(data,{
    get(target,key,proxy){
        return target[key]; 
    },
    set(target,key,value,proxy){
        target[key] = value;
        //document.body.innerHTML = value;
    },
    has(target, key){
        console.log("has");
        //return key in target;

        if(key in target){
            return true;
        } else {
            throw new Error(`1111[Vue warn]: Property or method "${key}" is not defined on the instance but referenced during render. Make sure that this property is reactive, either in the data option, or for class-based components, by initializing the property. See: https://vuejs.org/v2/guide/reactivity.html#Declaring-Reactive-Properties.

        (found in <Root>)`)
        }

    },
    deleteProperty(target, key){
        console.log("del");
        if(key in target){
            return delete target[key];
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
});

console.log(1111,"c" in proxy);

//console.log(delete proxy.c);



document.onclick = function(){
    //document.body.innerHTML = 12;

    proxy.a = 12;
}

</script>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="app">
        {{a}}--{{b}}-{{c}}
    </div>
</body>
<script>
let vm = new Vue({
    el:"#app",
    data,
});
</script>

res:

vue-cli:2.x

https://www.npmjs.com/package/vue-cli

vue-cli:3.x

https://cli.vuejs.org/ 英文
https://cli.vuejs.org/zh/ 中文
https://github.com/vuejs/vue-cli

注意：vue-cli2升级到vue-cli3必须先删除原来的模块

cnpm i -g vue-cli
cnpm i -g @vue/cli 必须先删除vue-cli

https://www.jb51.net/article/137710.htm

建立项目命令

2.x vue init
3.x vue create

exp:
vue create myvue3

选择安装的模块、插件

一、空格选择
二、a 全选
三、i 反选

这里是把babel,postcss,eslint这些配置文件放哪
独立文件放置 √
放package.json里

启动项目命令

2.x npm start
3.x npm run serve

配置代理服务器/端口

须要建立 vue.config.js 文件盒工程文件(package.json)是平级

devServer: {
    port:9000,
    // proxyTable: {  
    proxy: { 
        "/anhao": {
          target: "http://localhost:3000",
          changeOrigin: true,
          pathRewrite: {  //须要rewrite重写的, 若是在服务器端作了处理则能够不要这段
            "^/anhao": ""
          }
        },
      },
    }
}

vue add router cnpm i -S router
vue add vuex vue i -S vuex
-------------------------------------------------

插件: https://github.com/RuMengkai/awesome-vue

element

mint-ui

插件的写法：

一、对象形式

export default {
    install(Vue,options){
            Vue.prototype.$xxx = {
                 methods(){
                        options
                 }
            };
    }
}

二、函数形式

export default (Vue,options)=>{
        Vue.prototype.$xxx = {
             methods(){
                    options
             }
        };
}

使用：

Vue.use(插件模块);

vue-cli:用的vue.js

myvue\node_modules\vue\dist\package.json

"main": "dist/vue.runtime.common.js",

不要采用runtime形式的文件

最好采用 dist/vue.esm.js

添加配置文件：vue.config.js 在项目的根目录下

configureWebpack: config => {
    config.resolve = {
       extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json',".css"],
        alias: {
          'vue$': 'vue/dist/vue.esm.js',
          '@': resolve('src'),
        }
    }
},