springboot整合websocket后运行测试类报错：javax.websocket.server.ServerContainer not available

springboot项目添加websocket依赖后运行测试类报以下错误：

1 org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'serverEndpointExporter' defined in org.lwt.WebsocketServerTestApplication: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: javax.websocket.server.ServerContainer not available
  2     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.initializeBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1745) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  3     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:576) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  4     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:498) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  5     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:320) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  6     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:222) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  7     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:318) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  8     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
  9     at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:846) ~[spring-beans-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 10     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:863) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 11     at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:546) ~[spring-context-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 12     at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:775) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
 13     at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:397) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
 14     at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:316) ~[spring-boot-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
 15     at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:127) [spring-boot-test-2.1.2.RELEASE.jar:2.1.2.RELEASE]
 16     at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInternal(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:99) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 17     at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:117) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 18     at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:108) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 19     at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.setUpRequestContextIfNecessary(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:190) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 20     at org.springframework.test.context.web.ServletTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(ServletTestExecutionListener.java:132) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 21     at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:246) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 22     at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:227) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 23     at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 24     at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]
 25     at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 26     at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:246) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 27     at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:97) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]
 28     at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]
 29     at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]
 30     at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]
 31     at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]
 32     at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) [junit-4.12.jar:4.12]
 33     at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) [spring-test-5.1.4.RELEASE.jar:5.1.4.RELEASE]

解决办法：为SpringbootTest注解指定参数classes和webEnvironment

@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.DEFINED_PORT)

由于WebSocket是servlet容器所支持的，因此须要加载servlet容器：
webEnvironment参数为springboot指定ApplicationContext类型。
webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.DEFINED_PORT表示内嵌的服务器将会在一个随机的端口启动。

WebEnvironment主要有一下类型：

1 enum WebEnvironment {
 2 
 3         /**
 4          * Creates a {@link WebApplicationContext} with a mock servlet environment if
 5          * servlet APIs are on the classpath, a {@link ReactiveWebApplicationContext} if
 6          * Spring WebFlux is on the classpath or a regular {@link ApplicationContext}
 7          * otherwise.
 8          */
 9         MOCK(false),
10 
11         /**
12          * Creates a web application context (reactive or servlet based) and sets a
13          * {@code server.port=0} {@link Environment} property (which usually triggers
14          * listening on a random port). Often used in conjunction with a
15          * {@link LocalServerPort} injected field on the test.
16          */
17         RANDOM_PORT(true),
18 
19         /**
20          * Creates a (reactive) web application context without defining any
21          * {@code server.port=0} {@link Environment} property.
22          */
23         DEFINED_PORT(true),
24 
25         /**
26          * Creates an {@link ApplicationContext} and sets
27          * {@link SpringApplication#setWebApplicationType(WebApplicationType)} to
28          * {@link WebApplicationType#NONE}.
29          */
30         NONE(false);
31 
32         private final boolean embedded;
33 
34         WebEnvironment(boolean embedded) {
35             this.embedded = embedded;
36         }
37 
38         /**
39          * Return if the environment uses an {@link ServletWebServerApplicationContext}.
40          * @return if an {@link ServletWebServerApplicationContext} is used.
41          */
42         public boolean isEmbedded() {
43             return this.embedded;
44         }
45 
46     }

来源：cnblogs.com/yourblog/p/10369713.html