用python实现12306抢票

用splinter或者selenium均可以实现。这两个库是实现web浏览器自动操做的库。就是模拟人的点击等等一系列操做。
不过先对应你的谷歌浏览器版本下好对应的chromedriver，而后添加好环境变量
验证码的部分没有作，就是在你登陆的时候要手动点击验证，可是登陆进去以后就不用管了，买到票以后会播放歌曲提醒付款。
网页的按钮等的id直接登陆页面按F12开发者工具进行查看。
城市的cookies也是经过此方法得到。如上图所示。

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from splinter.browser import Browser
from time import sleep
import time
import pygame
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select


class ticket(object):
    # 用户名，密码
    username = u"用户名"
    passwd = u"密码"
    # 车次，选择第几趟，0则从上之下依次点击
    order = 0
    ticket_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/leftTicket/init"
    login_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/init"
    initmy_url = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306"
    buy = "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/confirmPassenger/initDc"

    def login(self):
        self.driver.get(self.login_url)
        # 填充密码
        self.driver.find_element_by_name("loginUserDTO.user_name").send_keys(self.username)
        self.driver.find_element_by_name("userDTO.password").send_keys(self.passwd)
        print(u"等待验证码，自行输入...")
        print("开始登陆")
        sleep(5)
        while True:
            if self.driver.current_url!= self.initmy_url:
                sleep(1)
            else:
                break
        print("结束登陆")

    def start(self):
        self.driver = webdriver.Chrome()

        self.login()
        sleep(3)
        self.driver.get(self.ticket_url)
        try:
            print(u"购票页面开始...")
            self.driver.find_element_by_id("fromStationText").send_keys("长沙")
            self.driver.find_element_by_id("toStationText").send_keys("石门北")
            self.driver.find_element_by_id("train_date").send_keys("2018-03-28")




            # K-快速 Z-直达 D-动车 GC-高铁/城际 T-特快

            count = 0
            if self.order != 0:
                while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
                    self.driver.find_by_text(u"查询").click()
                    count += 1
                    print(u"点击查询... 第 %s 次" % count)
                    sleep(0.8)
                    try:
                        self.driver.find_by_text(u"预订")[self.order - 1].click()
                    except Exception as e:
                        print(e)
                        print(u"预订。。。")
                        continue
            else:
                while self.driver.url == self.ticket_url:
                    self.driver.find_by_text(u"查询").click()
                    count += 1
                    print(u"点击查询... 第 %s 次" % count)
                    sleep(0.8)
                    try:
                        for i in self.driver.find_by_text(u"预订"):
                            i.click()
                            sleep(1)
                    except Exception as e:
                        print(e)
                        print(u"预订 。。。")
                        continue
            print(u"开始预订...")
            sleep(3)

            sleep(1)
            print(u"开始选择用户...")
            self.driver.find_by_text(u"熊桐").last.click()

            print(u"提交订单...")
            sleep(1)
            time.sleep(60)
            self.driver.find_by_id('submitOrder_id').click()
            sleep(1.5)
            self.driver.find_by_id('qr_submit_id').click()
            pygame.mixer.init()
            print("订单完成，播放音乐提醒")
            track = pygame.mixer.music.load(file)
            pygame.mixer.music.play()
            time.sleep(60)
            pygame.mixer.music.stop()
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)


cities = {
    '北京': '%u5317%u4EAC%2CBJP',
    '广州': '%u5E7F%u5DDE%2CGZQ',
    '杭州': '%u676D%u5DDE%2CHZH',
    '深圳': '%u6DF1%u5733%2CSZQ',
    '武汉': '%u6B66%u6C49%2CWHN',
    '上海': '%u4E0A%u6D77%2CSHH',
    '长沙': '%u957F%u6C99%2CCSQ',
    '石门北': '%u77F3%u95E8%u53BF%u5317%2CVFQ'}
if __name__ == '__main__':
    file = r'.\PycharmProjects\untitled3\她说.mp3'
    ticket = ticket()
    ticket.starts = cities["长沙"]
    ticket.ends = cities["石门北"]
    ticket.dtime = "2018-03-28"
    ticket.start()