Generate Parentheses Given n pairs of parentheses, write a function to generate all combinations of well-formed parentheses. For example, given n = 3, a solution set is:算法
[ "((()))", "(()())", "(())()", "()(())", "()()()" ]
思考了好久未果,因而查看一下他人的代码和算法,看到了一个使用递归解决问题的例子:ide
class Solution { public: vector<string> generateParenthesis(int n) { vector<string> res; addingpar(res, "", n, 0); return res; } void addingpar(vector<string> &v, string str, int n, int m){ if(n==0 && m==0) { v.push_back(str); return; } if(m > 0){ addingpar(v, str+")", n, m-1); } if(n > 0){ addingpar(v, str+"(", n-1, m+1); } } };
做者是这样描述的:ui
The idea is intuitive. Use two integers to count the remaining left parenthesis (n) and the right parenthesis (m) to be added. At each function call add a left parenthesis if n >0 and add a right parenthesis if m>0. Append the result and terminate recursive calls when both m and n are zero.idea
从中能够看出,使用递归的思路就是交替生成“(”和“)”符号,使用两个变量m、n来控制,m和n的和是一个常数。code
使用递归算法强大的表达能力,也就是:先生成一个“(”,而后再生成“(”或“)”,交替生成,这样看起来很让我费解,可是确实优点如此。orm
对于递归算法,从这个例子获得的经验就是不能只将问题局限于单递归,还能够是双递归等等,视问题中元素的须要而定。递归