python的pymysql使用方法【转】
前言python
pymsql是Python中操做MySQL的模块，其使用方法和MySQLdb几乎相同。但目前pymysql支持python3.x然后者不支持3.x版本。mysql
本文测试python版本：2.6.6。mysql版本：5.7.17sql
1、安装数据库
pip install pymysql
2、使用操做python3.x
建立测试环境ide
mysql> create database zst;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use zst
Database changed
mysql> create table tb(id int not null auto_increment, user varchar(64),pass varchar(64),licnese varchar(64),primary key(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)
mysql> insert into tb(user,pass,licnese)values("u1","u1pass","11113");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.11 sec)
mysql> insert into tb(user,pass,licnese)values("u2","u2pass","11113");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> insert into tb(user,pass,licnese)values("u3","u3pass","11113");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into tb(user,pass,licnese)values("u5","u5pass","11113");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into tb(user,pass,licnese)values("u6","u6pass","11113");
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from tb;
+----+------+--------+---------+
| id | user | pass | licnese |
+----+------+--------+---------+
| 1 | u1 | u1pass | 11113 |
| 2 | u2 | u2pass | 11113 |
| 3 | u3 | u3pass | 11113 |
| 4 | u4 | u4pass | 11113 |
| 5 | u5 | u5pass | 11113 |
| 6 | u6 | u6pass | 11113 |
+----+------+--------+---------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
一、查询测试
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding: utf-8
import sys
import os
import pymysql
# 建立链接
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3307, user='root', passwd='hch123', db='zst', charset='utf8')
# 建立游标
cursor = conn.cursor()
# 执行SQL
cursor.execute("select * from tb")
# 获取剩余结果的第一行数据
row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
print row_1
# 获取剩余结果前n行数据
row_2 = cursor.fetchmany(3)
print row_2
# 获取剩余结果全部数据
row_3 = cursor.fetchall()
print row_3
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
执行fetch
加入try判断blog
#!/usr/bin/python #coding: utf-8
import pymysql #导入 pymysql #打开数据库链接 db= pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root", password="hch123",db="zst",port=3307) # 使用cursor()方法获取操做游标 cur = db.cursor() #1.查询操做 # 编写sql 查询语句 user 对应个人表名 sql = "select * from user" try: cur.execute(sql) #执行sql语句 results = cur.fetchall() #获取查询的全部记录 print("id","name","password") #遍历结果 for row in results : id = row[0] name = row[1] password = row[2] print(id,name,password) except Exception as e: raise e finally: db.close() #关闭链接
执行ip
二、获取新建立数据自增ID
能够获取到最新自增的ID，也就是最后插入的一条数据ID
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding: utf-8
import sys
import os
import pymysql
# 建立链接
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3307, user='root', passwd='hch123', db='zst')
# 建立游标
cursor = conn.cursor()
# 执行SQL
effect_row = cursor.executemany("insert into tb(user,pass,licnese)values(%s,%s,%s)", [("u3","u3pass","11113"),("u4","u4pass","22224")])
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
#获取自增id
new_id = cursor.lastrowid
print new_id
查询结果
mysql> select * from tb;
+----+------+--------+---------+ | id | user | pass | licnese | +----+------+--------+---------+ | 1 | u1 | u1pass | 11113 | | 2 | u2 | u2pass | 11113 | | 3 | u3 | u3pass | 11113 | | 4 | u4 | u4pass | 11113 | | 5 | u5 | u5pass | 11113 | | 6 | u6 | u6pass | 11113 | | 7 | u3 | u3pass | 11113 | | 8 | u4 | u4pass | 22224 | +----+------+--------+---------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
加入try判断的python脚本
#!/usr/bin/python #coding: utf-8 import pymysql #导入 pymysql #打开数据库链接 db= pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root", password="hch123",db="zst",port=3307) # 使用cursor()方法获取操做游标 cur = db.cursor() sql_insert ="""insert into user(id,username,password) values(5,'liu','1234')""" try: cur.execute(sql_insert) #提交 db.commit() except Exception as e: #错误回滚 db.rollback() finally: db.close()
执行
[root@hchtest3 ~]# python insert_try.py mysql> select * from zst.user; +----+----------+----------+ | id | username | password | +----+----------+----------+ | 1 | hch | 11113 | | 2 | hch1 | 11114 | | 3 | hch2 | 11115 | | 4 | liu | 1234 | | 5 | liu | 1234 | +----+----------+----------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
三、更新操做
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding: utf-8
import pymysql #导入 pymysql
#打开数据库链接
db= pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",
password="hch123",db="zst",port=3307)
# 使用cursor()方法获取操做游标
cur = db.cursor()
sql_update ="update user set username = '%s' where id = %d"
try:
cur.execute(sql_update % ("xiongda",3)) #像sql语句传递参数
#提交
db.commit()
except Exception as e:
#错误回滚
db.rollback()
finally:
db.close()
执行
mysql> select * from zst.user; +----+----------+----------+ | id | username | password | +----+----------+----------+ | 1 | hch | 11113 | | 2 | hch1 | 11114 | | 3 | xiongda | 11115 | | 4 | liu | 1234 | | 5 | liu | 1234 | +----+----------+----------+ 5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
四、删除操做
#!/usr/bin/python
#coding: utf-8
import pymysql #导入 pymysql
#打开数据库链接
db= pymysql.connect(host="localhost",user="root",
password="hch123",db="zst",port=3307)
# 使用cursor()方法获取操做游标
cur = db.cursor()
sql_delete ="delete from user where id = %d"
try:
cur.execute(sql_delete % (3)) #像sql语句传递参数
#提交
db.commit()
except Exception as e:
#错误回滚
db.rollback()
finally:
db.close()
执行
mysql> select * from zst.user; +----+----------+----------+ | id | username | password | +----+----------+----------+ | 1 | hch | 11113 | | 2 | hch1 | 11114 | | 4 | liu | 1234 | | 5 | liu | 1234 | +----+----------+----------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
五、fetch数据类型
关于默认获取的数据是元祖类型，若是想要或者字典类型的数据，即：
#! /usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
# __author__ = "TKQ"
import pymysql
conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='', db='tkq1')
#游标设置为字典类型
cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor)
cursor.execute("select * from tb7")
row_1 = cursor.fetchone()
print row_1 #{u'licnese': 213, u'user': '123', u'nid': 10, u'pass': '213'}
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()