oracle控制文件的损坏或彻底丢失的恢复办法

控制文件丢失了，须要DBA处理。     1，控制文件大小不对。  将正常的cp给不正常的。指定正确的来运行。     2，控制文件版本不对   千万要记住要先cp所有的控制文件备份后在来cp     3，控制文件某个丢失，至少存在一个     4，控制文件都丢失，     5，有可是很old 1，控制文件大小不对。 下面咱们修给一个控制文件的内容使大小不同。 [oracle@huang ~]$ vim /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-00227: corrupt block detected in control file: (block 1, # blocks 1) ORA-00202: control file: '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl' SQL> shutdown abort; ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info 这里提示了控制文件有错误。 SQL> show parameter control_f NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7 control_files                        string      /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/contr                                                  ol01.ctl, /sof/oracle/oradata/                                                  orcl/control02.ctl, /sof/oracl                                                  e/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl SQL> ho ls -l /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/  这里咱们查看到日志文件中，有两个大小同样，说明这两个是正常的。 total 1536352 -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall   7110639 Jan  4 16:00 control01.ctl -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall   7389184 Jan  4 16:01 control02.ctl -rw------- 1 oracle oinstall   7389184 Jan  4 16:01 control03.ctl SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ct.bak SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. 如今数据库就能正常的运行了。 2，控制文件版本不对 SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> alter system set control_files='/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' scope=spfile; System altered. Database opened. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. SQL> show parameter control_f NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE ------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------ control_file_record_keep_time        integer     7 control_files                        string      /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/contr                                                  ol02.ctl SQL> alter system set control_files='/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl','/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl','/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl'  scope=spfile; System altered. SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00214: control file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' version 1036 inconsistent with file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl' version 1020 如今就提示了控制文件的版本好不一致的问题。注意提示的版本号那个更高。 SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl.bak SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl SQL> startup ORA-01081: cannot start already-running ORACLE - shut it down first SQL> shutdown immediate; ORA-01507: database not mounted ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00214: control file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl' version 1036 inconsistent with file '/sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl' version 1020 SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl.bak SQL> ho cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control03.ctl SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Database mounted. Database opened. 上面就说明成了。 4，控制文件都丢失， 5，有可是很old SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/luo.txt'   2  ; Database altered. 获得创建日志文件的脚本，之后咱们数据库建好后就要作。 下面就是重建控制文件。 千万记住下面这个命令。 若是控制文件所有丢失，版本过老，在咱们重建控制文件以前须要备份故障的状态。 SQL> shutdown immediate; Database closed. Database dismounted. ORACLE instance shut down. [oracle@huang ~]$ cp /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/ /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl.bak -rf [oracle@huang ~]$ rm /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/control0* -rf [oracle@huang ~]$ ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl orcl/     orcl.bak/ [oracle@huang ~]$ ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl orcl/     orcl.bak/ [oracle@huang ~]$ ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/ example01.dbf  redo02.log  sysaux01.dbf  temp01.dbf     users01.dbf redo01.log     redo03.log  system01.dbf  undotbs01.dbf [oracle@huang ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba [uniread] Loaded history (945 lines) SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Mon Jan 4 16:57:00 2010 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to an idle instance. SQL> startup ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes ORA-00205: error in identifying control file, check alert log for more info 去除全部的--和空格行，和开头的空格。 [oracle@huang ~]$ grep -v ^-- /tmp/luo.txt|grep -v ^$ >/tmp/luo1.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ vim /tmp/luo1.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -n '1,23'p /tmp/luo1.txt >/tmp/luo2.txt 截取下面两行和之间的内容。注意是下面行是第一次出现的时候 STARTUP NOMOUNT .................. SIZE 30408704  REUSE AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M; [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ sed -i 's/^ //' /tmp/luo2.txt [oracle@huang ~]$ vim /tmp/luo2.txt 肯定时候空格和--开头的行就删除了。 SQL> shutdown abort; ORACLE instance shut down. SQL> @/tmp/luo2.txt 咱们运行刚才的那个脚本就能够从新的创建起控制文件 ORACLE instance started. Total System Global Area 1090519040 bytes Fixed Size                  1267020 bytes Variable Size             704645812 bytes Database Buffers          369098752 bytes Redo Buffers               15507456 bytes Control file created. Media recovery complete. Database altered. Tablespace altered. SQL> ho ls /sof/oracle/oradata/orcl/ control01.ctl  example01.dbf  redo03.log     temp01.dbf      control02.ctl  redo01.log     sysaux01.dbf   undotbs01.dbf   control03.ctl  redo02.log     system01.dbf   users01.dbf 上面就是控制文件的几种恢复方法。