public final class String
implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequence
String被final修饰,表示String类不能被继承。
String类实现了Serializable、Comparable、CharSequence接口。
/** The value is used for character storage. 字符串是以字符数组的形式存储的*/ private final char value[]; /** Cache the hash code for the string */ private int hash; // Default to 0
equals方法:
1 /** 2 * 将此字符串与指定对象进行比较,若是内容相同,则断定它们相同 3 * 4 * @param anObject 指定的对象 5 * The object to compare this {@code String} against 6 * 7 * @return 若是两个字符串相等(只要字符串的内容相等就算相等),则返回true,不然返回false. 8 * 9 * @see #compareTo(String) str1.equals(anObject) str2表示指定的对象,str1表示要比较的字符串 10 * @see #equalsIgnoreCase(String) 11 */ 12 public boolean equals(Object anObject) { 13 //若是这两个对象相等,直接返回true。由于==相等表示地址相同,字符串的内容也相同。 14 if (this == anObject) { 15 return true; 16 } 17 //若是anObject是字符串类型的 18 if (anObject instanceof String) { 19 //强转为String类型 20 String anotherString = (String) anObject; 21 //获取要比较的字符串的长度 22 int n = value.length; 23 //若是要比较的字符串长度 和 被比较的对象的字符串长度相同,再进行继续比较 24 if (n == anotherString.value.length) { 25 char v1[] = value;//将要比较的字符串转成char[]数组 26 char v2[] = anotherString.value;//将被比较的对象转成char[]数组 27 int i = 0; 28 //两个数组中的索引相同的字符是否都相同,只要有一个不相同,就返回false 29 //char类型的数据进行比较的时候,会进行类型提高,提高为int类型进行比较 30 while (n-- != 0) { 31 if (v1[i] != v2[i]) 32 return false; 33 i++; 34 } 35 return true; 36 } 37 } 38 return false; 39 }
startsWith方法:
1 /** 2 * Tests if the substring of this string beginning at the 3 * specified index starts with the specified prefix. 4 * 5 * 测试源字符串是否从索引toffset处开始以字符串prefix开始 6 * @param prefix 前缀. 7 * @param toffset 索引 where to begin looking in this string. 8 * @return {@code true} if the character sequence represented by the 9 * argument is a prefix of the substring of this object starting 10 * at index {@code toffset}; {@code false} otherwise. 11 * The result is {@code false} if {@code toffset} is 12 * negative or greater than the length of this 13 * {@code String} object; otherwise the result is the same 14 * as the result of the expression 15 * <pre> 16 * this.substring(toffset).startsWith(prefix) 17 * </pre> 18 */ 19 public boolean startsWith(String prefix, int toffset) { 20 char ta[] = value;//源字符串转成字符数组 21 int to = toffset; 22 char pa[] = prefix.value;//某个字符串prefix转成字符数组 23 int po = 0; 24 int pc = prefix.value.length;//某个字符串的长度 25 // 索引的值不能小于0 也不能大于(源字符串长度-某个字符串prefix的长度),就是为了避免让索引越界。 26 if ((toffset < 0) || (toffset > value.length - pc)) { 27 return false; 28 } 29 30 //将源字符串转成的字符数组的索引在toffset处开始 与 某个字符串prefix转成的字符数组在索引在0处开始比较 31 while (--pc >= 0) { 32 //若是字符有不相同的,直接返回false 33 if (ta[to++] != pa[po++]) { 34 return false; 35 } 36 } 37 return true; 38 } 39 40 /** 41 * 测试源字符串是否以某个字符串prefix开始 42 * 43 * @param prefix 某个字符串prefix. 44 * @return true:表示源字符串以prefix;false:表示源字符串不是以prefix开始; 45 * @since 1. 0 46 */ 47 public boolean startsWith(String prefix) { 48 return startsWith(prefix, 0); 49 }
endsWith方法:
1 /** 2 * 测试源字符串是否以某个字符串suffix结尾 3 * 4 * @param suffix 后缀. 5 * @return true:表示源字符串以suffix结尾;false:表示源字符串不是以suffix结尾; 6 */ 7 public boolean endsWith(String suffix) { 8 /** 9 * 本质是调用startsWith方法,方法中的第二个参数就是用于计算出应该从哪一个位置开始比较的索引 10 */ 11 return startsWith(suffix, value.length - suffix.value.length); 12 }
replace方法:
1 /** 2 * Returns a string resulting from replacing all occurrences of 3 * {@code oldChar} in this string with {@code newChar}. 4 * <p> 5 * If the character {@code oldChar} does not occur in the 6 * character sequence represented by this {@code String} object, 7 * then a reference to this {@code String} object is returned. 8 * Otherwise, a {@code String} object is returned that 9 * represents a character sequence identical to the character sequence 10 * represented by this {@code String} object, except that every 11 * occurrence of {@code oldChar} is replaced by an occurrence 12 * of {@code newChar}. 13 * <p> 14 * Examples: 15 * <blockquote><pre> 16 * "mesquite in your cellar".replace('e', 'o') 17 * returns "mosquito in your collar" 18 * "the war of baronets".replace('r', 'y') 19 * returns "the way of bayonets" 20 * "sparring with a purple porpoise".replace('p', 't') 21 * returns "starring with a turtle tortoise" 22 * "JonL".replace('q', 'x') returns "JonL" (no change) 23 * </pre></blockquote> 24 * 25 * @param oldChar 要被替换的字符(源字符串中的要被替换的字符)(注意,会将源字符串中全部等于oldChar的字符替换成newChar字符) 26 * @param newChar 用来替换的新字符 27 * @return 返回替换后的字符串 a string derived from this string by replacing every 28 * occurrence of {@code oldChar} with {@code newChar}. 29 */ 30 public String replace(char oldChar, char newChar) { 31 //若是老字符 和 新字符不相等 32 if (oldChar != newChar) { 33 int len = value.length;//获取源字符串的长度 34 int i = -1; 35 char[] val = value; //将源字符串用字符数组的形式表现 我称它为源字符数组 36 37 //找出要被替换的字符,获取到索引i,源字符数组中第i个元素要替换成字符newChar. 注意,这里只找第一个和oldChar相等的字符的索引。 38 while (++i < len) { 39 if (val[i] == oldChar) { 40 break; 41 } 42 } 43 44 //若是索引小于源字符串长度,也就是索引没有越界 45 if (i < len) { 46 //把源字符数组中的数据在索引 [0~i-1] 范围的复制到 一个新的字符数组中 47 char buf[] = new char[len]; 48 for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) { 49 buf[j] = val[j]; 50 } 51 //对索引在[i,length-1] 范围的进行操做 52 while (i < len) { 53 //获取索引i处的元素的值 54 char c = val[i]; 55 //判断源字符串中第i个元素是否和oldChar相等,若是相等,就替换成newChar,不然仍是存源字符串在索引i处的元素 56 buf[i] = (c == oldChar) ? newChar : c; 57 i++; 58 } 59 return new String(buf, true);//将替换后的字符数组转成字符串并返回 60 } 61 } 62 return this;//若是oldChar和newChar相同,就把源字符串原封不动的返回 63 }