Spring+Dubbo+TestNG接口测试初探

最近因工做缘由，须要测试dubbo接口，经过公司同事写的框架，再结合度娘的帮助，本身作了一些总结记录。java

经过下文意在说明如何搭建一个spring + dubbo + testng的测试环境，并完成一个简单的dubbo接口测试用例。spring

1、在Idea中新建一个maven工程json

2、在pom.xml中添加相关依赖api

<dependencies>
        <!-- Spring框架依赖：用于构建Spring容器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring单元测试依赖：用于测试类启动spring容器 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.5.RELEASE</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- dubbo依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.2</version>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring</artifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 引入相应工程的jar包：*根据工程不一样具体填入相应值-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.*.*</groupId>
            <artifactId>*</artifactId>
            <version>*</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- testng依赖：测试框架-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.14.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!-- fastjson依赖：主要用于接口返回结果中解析json对象 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.54</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- 流式断言器依赖：要比于junit和testng中的断言，assertj的api更强大-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.assertj</groupId>
            <artifactId>assertj-core</artifactId>
            <version>3.11.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

3、Dubbo服务spring配置（resources目录下新建一个bean.xml文件）app

因为测试过程是RPC（远程调用接口）的过程，测试项目至关于服务消费方Consumer，开发项目至关于服务提供方Provider，框架

因此测试只须要进行消费方的spring配置。xml的模板能够直接从要测试的dubbo接口对应的应用中拷贝；maven

<dubbo:application>必须声明，name和owner的值随便取（固然要取有必定意义的），没有对应关系；ide

<dubbo:reference>中url对应dubbo接口对应的dubbo服务地址和端口，单元测试

　　　　　　　　　 id惟一便可，测试

　　　　　　　　　 interface是dubbo服务的全限定类名

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dubbo="http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo http://code.alibabatech.com/schema/dubbo/dubbo.xsd">

        <dubbo:application name="x1_consumer" owner="x2_consumer"/>
        <dubbo:reference url="dubbo://192.168.0.100:20860" id="testService" interface="com.*.*.service.TestService" timeout="30000"/>

</beans>

4、编写测试脚本

import com.*.*.TestService; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.testng.AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests; import javax.annotation.Resource; //测试类须要继承AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests，若是不这么作测试类是没法启动Spring容器的
@ContextConfiguration(locations = "classpath:bean.xml") public class TestBase extends AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests { @Resource public TestService testService; }

测试类须要继承AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests，若是不这么作测试类是没法启动Spring容器的

使用了[@ContextConfiguration]是为了加载被测试的Bean

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat; public class TestSaveData extends TestBase {
 private TestDTO testDTO = new TestDTO(); private List<Integer> categorys = new ArrayList<Integer>(); @Test public void TestSaveData_nameIsNull() { categorys.add(1); testDTO.setCategorys(categorys); ResponseDTO res = TestService.saveData(testDTO); System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(res)); assertThat(res.getCode()).as("返回状态码").isEqualTo("2") .isBetween("1","2"); assertThat(res.getMessage()).isEqualTo("XX名称不能为空!"); assertThat(res.isSuccess()).isFalse(); } }