springboot系列十五 security 简单配置 保护接口安全

springsecurity提供了基于用户、角色、权限的安全控制css

简单使用

在项目中加入security的依赖html

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

写一个接口java

@RestController
public class IndexResource {

    @RequestMapping({"", "/", "/index"})
    public String index(){
        return "index";
    }
}

启动项目后,访问 localhost:8080 发现须要输入用户名密码。这实际上是springsecurity的默认安全配置。web

其实日志中已经有提示给咱们:spring

2019-01-03 13:58:55.572  INFO 79013 --- [  restartedMain] .s.s.UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration : 

Using generated security password: de5cf28a-25d9-47d6-a0bd-bb4e41cf4d39

这段日志是从UserDetailsServiceAutoConfiguration这个类中打印的。npm

private String getOrDeducePassword(User user, PasswordEncoder encoder) {
        String password = user.getPassword();
        if (user.isPasswordGenerated()) {
            logger.info(String.format("%n%nUsing generated security password: %s%n", user.getPassword()));
        }

        return encoder == null && !PASSWORD_ALGORITHM_PATTERN.matcher(password).matches() ? "{noop}" + password : password;
    }

密码有了,那用户名呢?bootstrap

查看security的配置类org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityProperties.User,发现用户名默认为user,密码是临时UUID浏览器

public static class User {
        private String name = "user";//用户名
        private String password = UUID.randomUUID().toString();//密码
        private List<String> roles = new ArrayList();
        private boolean passwordGenerated = true;

        public User() {
        }
        //...
}

而后在浏览器输入用户名密码,接口正常访问缓存

自定义用户名密码配置

怎么自定义用户密码?安全

在配置文件中加入security的配置:

spring:
  security:
    user:
      name: admin
      password: admin

而后从新访问,输入admin / admin 访问成功。(部分浏览器须要清除以前的缓存才看到效果)

web页面安全访问

在web页面中通常都须要登陆后(拿到session)才能访问

页面

先写2个页面

login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
      xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
    <title>Spring Security 登陆 </title>
    <!-- 最新版本的 Bootstrap 核心 CSS 文件 -->
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous">

    <!-- 最新的 Bootstrap 核心 JavaScript 文件 -->
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-Tc5IQib027qvyjSMfHjOMaLkfuWVxZxUPnCJA7l2mCWNIpG9mGCD8wGNIcPD7Txa" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form class="form-horizontal" th:action="@{/login}" method="post">
    <h1>Login</h1>
    <div th:if="${param.error}">
        用户名或密码错
    </div>
    <div th:if="${param.logout}">
        您已注销成功
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Username</label>
        <div class="col-sm-10">
            <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputEmail3" name="username" placeholder="Username">
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 control-label">Password</label>
        <div class="col-sm-10">
            <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3" name="password" placeholder="Password">
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Sign in</button>
        </div>
    </div>
</form>
</body>
</html>

index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3">
<head>
    <title>Spring Security入门</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>欢迎使用Spring Security!</h1>

欢迎你:<p th:text="${username}"/></p>
<p>点击 <a th:href="@{/loginout}">这里</a> 退出登陆</p>
</body>
</html>

当用户登陆成功后跳转到index页面

安全配置

@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    /**
     * http访问控制
     * @param http
     * @throws Exception
     */
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/", "/login").permitAll()//容许访问
                .anyRequest().authenticated()//其余全部url都须要鉴权,若是未登录则跳转登录页面
            .and()
                .formLogin()
                    .loginPage("/login")//指定登陆页面地
                    .loginProcessingUrl("/login")//登陆处理url
                    .successForwardUrl("/home")//登陆成功后跳转url
                    .permitAll()//容许访问
            .and()
                .logout().logoutUrl("/loginout").permitAll();//指定登出url,而且容许访问
    }

    /**
     * 全局配置:
     *  建立一个内存用户
     *    用户名 admin
     *    密码 admin
     *    角色 USER
     */
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
		//新版本security框架这里须要指定密码加密方式,否则报错:There is no PasswordEncoder mapped for the id “null”
        BCryptPasswordEncoder pwdEncoder = new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()
                .passwordEncoder(pwdEncoder)
                .withUser("admin")
                .password(pwdEncoder.encode("admin"))
                .roles("ADMIN");
    }
}

控制层

@RequestMapping("/login")
    public String login(){
        return "login";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/home")
    public String home(Model model){
        User principal = (User)SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal();
        model.addAttribute("username", principal.getUsername());
        return "index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/loginout")
    public String loginout(){
        SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
        return "login";
    }

测试

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