4.3 thymeleaf模板引擎的使用

 参考说明:如下笔记参考来自尚硅谷springboot教学中的笔记!html

 

thymeleaf官网docs: https://www.thymeleaf.org/documentation.htmljava

模板引擎:spring

  JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleafexpress

SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf;api

语法更简单,功能更强大;springboot

 

一、引入thymeleaf:

<dependency>
       <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> 2.1.6 </dependency>

切换thymeleaf版本 <properties> <thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version> <!-- 布局功能的支持程序 thymeleaf3主程序 layout2以上版本 --> <!-- thymeleaf2 layout1--> <thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version> </properties>

二、Thymeleaf使用

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf") public class ThymeleafProperties { private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8"); private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html"); public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/"; public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html"; //

以上是package org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf;包中的源码,放在这里主要是告诉你模块该如何配置;session

只要咱们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自动渲染;app

使用:ide

(1) 导入thymeleaf的名称空间(导入后有语法提示)spring-boot

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

(2) 使用thymeleaf语法:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>成功!</h1>
    <!--th:text 将div里面的文本内容设置为 -->
    <div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息</div>
</body>
</html>

三、语法规则

1)、th:text;改变当前元素里面的文本内容;

​ th:任意html属性;来替换原生属性的值(eg: th:id=1改变id的值, th:class=“c1”改变class的值)

 

补充:

<div th:remove="tag">
<div>唐嫣</div> //包含标记的标签将被删除,即这里的外层div将被删除 参考:th:remove用法
</div>

 

2)、表达式?

一、Simple expressions:(表达式语法) (1)Variable Expressions: ${...}:获取变量值;OGNL; 1)、获取对象的属性、调用方法 2)、使用内置的基本对象: #ctx : the context object. #vars: the context variables. #locale : the context locale. #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object. #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object. #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object. #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object. ${session.foo} 3)、内置的一些工具对象: #execInfo : information about the template being processed. #messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax. #uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs #conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any). #dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc. #calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects. #numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects. #strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc. #objects : methods for objects in general. #bools : methods for boolean evaluation. #arrays : methods for arrays. #lists : methods for lists. #sets : methods for sets. #maps : methods for maps. #aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections. #ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).  (2)Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:选择表达式:和${}在功能上是同样; 补充:配合 th:object="${session.user}:#只有做为全局变量使用的时候才是不同的  eg: 用th:object从session里面取出user对象(即将取出来的对象赋值给Object),之后要用user对象的值,就能够在当前的div里面,
       "*"号就表明刚才的th:object对象,而后直接获取对象的属性便可。
    <div th:object="${session.user}"> <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p> <p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p> <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p> </div>
    --以上方式等于以下方式$和*号功能是同样的,并且$和*能够混合使用
    <div th:object="${session.user}">
      <p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
      <p>Surname: <span th:text="${session.user.lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
      <p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
    </div>
(3)Message Expressions: #{...}:获取国际化内容 (4)Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定义URL; @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')} (5)Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片断引用表达式 <div th:insert="~{commons :: main}">...</div> 二、Literals(字面量) Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,… Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,… Boolean literals: true , false Null literal: null Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,… 三、Text operations:(文本操做) String concatenation: + Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}| 四、Arithmetic operations:(数学运算) Binary operators: + , - , * , / , % Minus sign (unary operator): - 五、Boolean operations:(布尔运算) Binary operators: and , or Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not 六、Comparisons and equality:(比较运算) Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le ) Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne ) 七、Conditional operators:条件运算(三元运算符) If-then: (if) ? (then) If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else) Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue) 八、Special tokens(特殊操做): No-Operation: _

九、内联表达式
<p>Hello, [[${session.user.name}]]!</p
>
任何在th:textth:utext属性中使⽤的表达式均可以出如今[[]][()]中.
[[...]]等价于th:text(即结果将被HTML转义) , [(...)]等价于th:utext, 不会执⾏任何HTML转义
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