(转)[Python 网络编程] makefile (三)

socket.makefile（mode ='r'，buffering = None，*，encoding = None，errors = None，newline = None ）
返回一个与套接字相关联的文件对象。返回的确切类型取决于给makefile()提供的参数。

这些参数的解释方式与内置open()函数的解释方式相同，除了makefile方法惟一支持的mode值是'r'（默认）'w'和'b'。

套接字必须处于阻塞模式; 它可能有超时，可是若是超时发生，文件对象的内部缓冲区可能会以不一致的状态结束。

关闭返回的文件对象makefile()将不会关闭原始套接字，除非全部其余文件对象已关闭而且 socket.close()已在套接字对象上调用。

 

 

 makefie的简单用法：

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#makefile import  threading,logging,socket DATEFMT = "%H:%M:%S" FORMAT  =  "[%(asctime)s]\t [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s" logging.basicConfig(level = logging.INFO, format = FORMAT ,datefmt = DATEFMT)   sock  =  socket.socket() addr  =  ( '127.0.0.1' , 9999 ) event  =  threading.Event()   sock.bind(addr) sock.listen()   def  _accept(sock:socket.socket):      s,addrinfo  =  sock.accept()      f  =  s.makefile(mode = 'rw' )        while  True :          line  =  f.readline()  # read(10) 文本使用readline          logging.info(line)            if  line.strip()  = =  'quit' :              break            msg  =  "Your msg = {}. ack" . format (line)          f.write(msg)          f.flush()      f.close()      sock.close()     threading.Thread(target = _accept,args = (sock,)).start()   while  not  event.wait( 2 ):      logging.info(sock)     #运行结果： [ 19 : 09 : 47 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 09 : 49 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 09 : 49 ]   [Thread - 1 , 6044 ] hi?   [ 19 : 09 : 51 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 09 : 53 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 09 : 55 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 09 : 57 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 09 : 59 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 01 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 03 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 05 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 07 ]   [Thread - 1 , 6044 ] Are you ok?   [ 19 : 10 : 07 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 09 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 11 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 13 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket fd = 288 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 )> [ 19 : 10 : 13 ]   [Thread - 1 , 6044 ] quit   [ 19 : 10 : 15 ]   [MainThread, 3544 ] <socket.socket [closed] fd = - 1 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 >

　　

 

TCP Server 改装成makefile：

链接两个客户端分别测试消息是否分发正常，客户端quit指令是否能够正常关闭socket，self.clients字典是否已经移除失联的socket。

客户端分别测试正常退出：quit退出，和异常退出：强制退出。而后观察服务端是否运行正常。

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#TCP Server 改装成makefile import  threading,logging,time,random,datetime,socket DATEFMT = "%H:%M:%S" FORMAT  =  "[%(asctime)s]\t [%(threadName)s,%(thread)d] %(message)s" logging.basicConfig(level = logging.INFO, format = FORMAT ,datefmt = DATEFMT)   class  ChatServer:      def  __init__( self ,ip = '127.0.0.1' ,port = 9999 ):  #启动服务          self .addr  =  (ip,port)          self .sock  =  socket.socket()          self .event  =  threading.Event()            self .clients  =  {}  #客户端        def  show_client( self ):          while  not  self .event.is_set():              if  len ( self .clients) >  0 :                  logging.info( self .clients)                  self .event.wait( 3 )          def  start( self ):          self .sock.bind( self .addr)          self .sock.listen()          # accept会阻塞主线程，因此开一个新线程          threading.Thread(target = self ._accept,name = 'accept' ,daemon = True ).start()          threading.Thread(target = self .show_client,name = 'show_client' ,daemon = True ).start()          def  stop( self ):          for  c  in  self .clients.values():              c.close()          self .sock.close()          self .event.wait( 3 )          self .event. set ()        def  _accept( self ):          while  not  self .event.is_set():  #多人链接              conn,client  =  self .sock.accept()   #阻塞              f  =  conn.makefile(mode = 'rw' ,encoding = 'utf8' )              self .clients[client]  =  f                logging.info( "{}-{}" . format (conn,client))              # recv 默认阻塞,每个链接单独起一个recv线程准备接收数据              threading.Thread(target = self ._recv, args = (f, client), name = 'recv' ,daemon = True ).start()        def  _recv( self , f, client):  #接收客户端数据          while  not  self .event.is_set():              try :                  data  =  f.readline()              except  Exception:                  data  =  'quit'              finally :                  msg  =  data.strip()                  # Client通知退出机制                  if  msg  = =  'quit' :                      f.close()                      self .clients.pop(client)                        logging.info( '{} quit' . format (client))                      break                msg  =  "{:%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S} {}:{}\n{}\n" . format (datetime.datetime.now(), * client,data)              print (msg)              logging.info(msg)                for  c  in  self .clients.values():                  c.writelines(msg)                  c.flush()       cs  =  ChatServer() print ( '!!!!!!!!!!!' ) cs.start() print ( '~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' ) e  =  threading.Event() def  showthreads(e:threading.Event):      while  not  e.wait( 3 ):          logging.info(threading. enumerate ())   threading.Thread(target = showthreads,name = 'showthreads' ,args = (e,)).start()   while  not  e.wait( 1 ):  # Sever控制台退出方式      cmd  =  input ( '>>> ' ).strip()      if  cmd  = =  'quit' :          cs.stop()          e.wait( 3 )          break   #运行结果： !!!!!!!!!!! ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ >>> [ 15 : 18 : 49 ]  [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 18 : 49 ]   [accept, 2820 ] <socket.socket fd = 388 , family = AddressFamily.AF_INET,  type = SocketKind.SOCK_STREAM, proto = 0 , laddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  9999 ), raddr = ( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 )> - ( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ) [ 15 : 18 : 49 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 18 : 52 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 18 : 52 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 18 : 54 ]   [recv, 10156 ]  2017 / 12 / 24  15 : 18 : 54  127.0 . 0.1 : 3507 2017 / 12 / 24  15 : 18 : 54  127.0 . 0.1 : 3507 123 123         [ 15 : 18 : 55 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 18 : 55 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 18 : 58 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 18 : 58 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 19 : 01 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 19 : 01 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 19 : 04 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 19 : 04 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 19 : 07 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 19 : 07 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 19 : 10 ]   [show_client, 4284 ] {( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ): <_io.TextIOWrapper mode = 'rw'  encoding = 'utf8' >} [ 15 : 19 : 10 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>, <Thread(recv, started daemon  10156 )>] [ 15 : 19 : 12 ]   [recv, 10156 ]  2017 / 12 / 24  15 : 19 : 12  127.0 . 0.1 : 3507     [ 15 : 19 : 12 ]   [recv, 10156 ] ( '127.0.0.1' ,  3507 ) quit 2017 / 12 / 24  15 : 19 : 12  127.0 . 0.1 : 3507     [ 15 : 19 : 13 ]   [showthreads, 8384 ] [<Thread(showthreads, started  8384 )>, <Thread(accept, started daemon  2820 )>, <Thread(show_client, started daemon  4284 )>, <_MainThread(MainThread, started  932 )>]

　　

 

总结：

使用makefile返回一个套接字相关联的文件对象，对该文件对象的操做方法，与普通文件操做方法一致，read,readline,write,writeline

makefile不单单能够对accept创建链接后的socketObject使用，也可对主线程的sock和任何socketObject使用。